PE 1144 
.L6 
1847 
Copy 1 



THE 



RTH AMEEICAN 

LLING BOOK, 



CONFORMED TO 



RCESTER'S DICTIONARY 



WITH A. 



JSSIVE SERIES OF EASY READING LESSONS, 



BY L. W. LEONARD, 

IB OP THB tlTERART AND SCIENTIFIC CXAS3 BOOK AND SBQTJgr. 
TO BAST LESSONS. 




KEENE, N. H. 
[LISHED BY GEORGE TILDEN. 



1 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. I 

i — - 1 

f [SMITHSONIAN DEPOSIT.] 

# ^-^ $ 

! UNITED STATES OFAMERlCA.fi 



Kgg, * fr 






THE 



NORTH AMERICAN 



SPELLING BOOK, 



CONFORMED TO 



WORCESTER'S DICTIONARY: 

WITH A 

PROGRESSIVE SERIES OF EASY READING LESSONS. 

_^> ^ 

\\ a BY lit W^LEONARD, 

H 
* e - OF THE LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC! CLASS BOOK AND SEQUEL 

TO EAST LESSONS. 




Neto ISttftCon, 3&ebfsefc airti iEulatgelr. 



KEENE, N. H. 

PUBLISHED BY GEORGE TILDEN. 

1847. 






Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1846, 

Bt GEORGE TILDEN, 

In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of New Hampshire. 



STSSEOXTFXD BT 6. IT. DIOKIWSOK & GO. BOSTOF. 



PREFACE 



It is important that a Spelling Book should correspond with the Dic- 
tionary which is adopted as the standard of Orthography and Pronuncia- 
tion. The characters for designating the sounds and powers of the let- 
ters should be the same in both works, for it must not only be a needless 
waste of time, but perplexing to the minds of children, to learn a new 
system of notations as soon as they begin to use a Dictionary. 

The North American Spelling Book, as is stated on the title page, is 
conformed to Worcester's Dictionary, a work of superior merit and ac- 
curacy, and extensively used in the United States. By permission of Mr. 
Worcester, his system of notation has been applied to the spelling lessons 
in this book, and in preparing the work, it has been the compiler's object 
to adhere strictly to the principles of the Dictionary. In some instances, 
however, vowels in unaccented syllables have the mark of a distinct 
sound, which in the Dictionary are marked as obscure. The marks for 
the capitals C and G hard, and Th soft or flat, are changed for those used 
in Worcester's " Universal and Critical Dictionary," a new and valuable 
work, in which the orthography and pronunciation of more than one hun- 
dred thousand words are given with " authorities in doubtful or disputed 
cases." " It is designed to be a complete glossary to all English books 
that are now read." 

With respect to the division of words into syllables, the Dictionary has 
not always been followed. The object of a Spelling Book is not the same 
as that of a Dictionary, and the words, therefore, have been divided in 
such a manner as seemed most likely to lead to a correct pronunciation. 

There is no formal division of the work into chapters or tables. A 
child can find his place to spell or read far more easily by the page than 
by the chapter or table. As each page is divided into short sections or 
paragraphs, the work will be convenient for classes in common schools. 

Since its first publication in 1835, the North American Spelling Book 
has passed through about forty editions. The favor with which it has 
been received, and the prospect of a still further demand for it, have in- 
duced the publisher to issue it with enlarged type. The compiler has 
availed himself of the opportunity to revise the work, making such addi- 
tions as experience and the advice of teachers suggested. He has not 
undertaken to alter the plan and arrangement of the work ; his aim has 
been to improve it, that it may better answer the purpose of teaching the 
.young to read and spell the English language. 

Dublin, N. R, Sept.. 1846. 



SUGGESTIONS TO TEACHERS. 



As directions or suggestions to teachers, mingled with lessons, serve to 
embarrass rather than aid pupils, none, therefore, are inserted in this book. 
For competent teachers they are not necessary, and by incompetent ones, 
they are not likely to be applied correctly. It may be well, however, to 
give a few general intimations of the manner in which the compiler thinks 
his book may be most advantageously used. 

1. Of teaching the Alphabet in connection with words. 

The Alphabet in its various forms, and the usual lessons of syllables of 
two, three or four letters, are inserted. It is convenient to have them in 
the book, for exercises in articulation, after pupils have made some pro- 
gress, but such unmeaning syllables should not be used at first. To teach 
a child the Alphabet, begin with letter-blocks, letter-cards, or reading- 
frames. If these are not provided, letters may be cut from hand-bills or 
newspapers. Show the child one letter, o, for instance, and when it can 
be readily distinguished, take x. As soon as both have become familiar, 
place them together, o at the left hand of x, and say, 6 x, ox ; then re- 
quire the child to repeat both the letters and the word, looking at them 
with close attention. Next take the letter b, and when the child can dis- 
tinguish it from o and x, place it before those letters and say, box, box. 
Then take the letter f, and proceed in the same way, saying fox, fox. 
Thus four letters and three words will soon be learned. The letter a may 
now be taken, and when learned, placed before box and fox thus, a box, — 
a fox. Next take the letter t, and with this and those previously learned, 
form the words at, bat, fat ; — a fat ox. Thus proceed, taking one letter 
after another, till the whole alphabet is learned. No more letters and 
words should be placed before the child at one time than can be easily re- 
membered. Before completing the alphabet, short sentences composed 
of such words as have been learned, should be formed, or the Spelling 
Book may be used, selecting sentences, the words of which are known to 
the pupil, and which can be called at sight, as " A dog can run," — "A 
bat can fly." By carefully proceeding in the above or some similar way, 
letters and words may be learned at the same time, and the objections 
urged against commencing with letters alone, or with words alone, will be 
obviated. 

2. After a child has learned the alphabet, and is able to spell and call 
at sight such words as may have been selected, his attention should be 
directed to the columns of words of two and three letters, as exhibited in 
the Spelling Book. Familiar oral explanations should be given of the 
meaning of each word, and if its meaning cannot be illustrated by refer- 






Suggestions to Teachers. 5 

ring to some object or action, then form sentences in which it is properly 
used, — for instance, to explain the meaning of the words now and for, 
say, " It is time now for you to go out." or "now you may go, for it is 
twelve o'clock." 

3. As the reading lessons contain no words (except a few derivatives) 
that may not be found in the previous spelling lessons, it is recommended, 
to teachers who may use this book, not to permit a child to advance to a 
reading lesson, till ail the words in the spelling lessons that precede it, are 
so familiar that he can utter them at sight, without first naming their sev- 
eral letters. If a pupil attempt to read a lesson, consisting of words 
which he has not learned to utter at sight, he must stop so often and so 
long, that he entirely loses the meaning of what he tries to read ; thus his 
interest in it is destroyed, and he is in danger, not only of acquiring a 
habit of indistinct articulation, but of hesitating or halting in all his future 
efforts to read aloud. 

4. The columns of words should be read, or spelled and articulated, from 
top to bottom, till they become familiar to the eye, and they can be enun- 
ciated with ease and correctness. Afterwards they may be read from left 
to right ; and in putting out words to be spelled the order should occa- 
sionally be varied ; this will serve to prevent a monotonous pronunciation, 
to which children are prone, and which a similarity of sounds and termi- 
nations may tend to produce. 

5. In putting out words to be spelled, the teacher should utter them 
with such clearness of articulation, that they may be distinctly heard and 
perfectly understood by his pupils ; but at the same time he should avoid 
a formal prominence of sound on unaccented syllables. Some teachers, 
in giving out to a class such words as historical, admiral, creditable, divinity, 
would utter them thus : his-tor'uc-ul, ad'mur-ul, cred'ut-ub-ble, duv-in'ut- 
ty ; other thus : his-toVi-cal, ad'mi-ral, crSd'i-ta-ble, dl-vin'I-ty ; both these 
extremes should be carefully avoided. 

6. In regard to loudness, teachers sometimes err, in putting out words 
to be spelled, by uttering themselves at the very top of the voice. This 
unnatural manner renders articulation indistinct, and young pupils are 
apt to imitate it, and in then* anxiety to speak loud, they scream, shout or 
yell, rather than speak. 

7. The key to the sounds of the marked letters is not intended for the 
use of very young pupils. It is inserted at the beginning of the book, for 
the convenience of teachers. When a pupil, however, is sufficiently ad- 
vanced to be able to understand the key, the teacher should give such 
oral explanations as the case may require, and as words with different 
marks occur, attention should be called to them and questions asked, till 
all the characters and sounds which they designate, as applied to differ- 
ent vowels and consonants, become perfectly familiar. Teachers should 
not forget to apprize their pupils that a vowel marked at the top of a 
page or column indicates the sound of all the vowels which follow under 
it, till contradicted by a different mark, and that the accented syllable may 
be known in the same way. 

1* ' 



6 Suggestions to Teachers, 

8. The progress of pupils in learning the key will be greatly facilitated 
by giving them words to write, and requiring them to affix to them those 
characters which denote their correct pronunciation. It is a useful exer- 
cise for children, as soon as they are able to write, (and they may, -with 
slates and black boards, be easily taught to form both the "Roman and 
Script letters,) to copy the words of their spelling lessons either on slates 
or paper. Every one knows how much more perfectly he remembers 
what he has written with care than what he has merely read. With re- 
spect to the young, the labor of writing fixes their attention upon the 
different letters of words in such a manner that the correct spelling is not 
likely to be forgotten. 

9. When teachers prescribe a lesson for study, the attention of pupils 
should be called to such peculiarities or difficulties as may be found in 
any of the words, and especially to the method of their classification. 
Monosyllables, in which different vowels and diphthongs sound alike, as 
cold, soul, oion, moan, are not arranged in the same column ; and in each 
short column of words of more than one syllable, the arrangement is not 
so often according to the vowels in the accented syllables as in the unac- 
cented ones. Accented syllables of single vowels are seldom spelled or 
pronounced wrong. Similar unaccented syllables, therefore, are, as much 
as possible, brought together, as, paper, caper, — fatal, naval, — lura'd, 
humid, — crazy, gravy, — favor, labor, — alley, volley, — sabre, centre, — 
agency, decency, — deity, laity, — testament, filament, — separate, propagate, 
&c. This kind of classification, if pointed out to pupils and duly noticed 
by them, will greatly facilitate correct spelling. The vowels and diph- 
thongs liable to be confounded are not placed together, except in cases 
where it was thought an advantage would be gained by contrast, or the 
irregularity of our spelling rendered it unavoidable. The words in some 
columns, however, are nearly all quite different from each other, that the 
pupils might not be led to rely too much upon association, but be obliged 
to observe closely how one differs from another. 

10. Children often waste much time over their spelling lessons, from 
not knowing how to study them. The more times they read over the 
words, the more, they are apt to suppose, they have studied them. But 
proceeding thus, without carefully noticing peculiarities, is of little use. 
They should be taught how to study, and the words most likely to be mis- 
spelled should be pointed out beforehand. 

11. Calling the letters of whole words without naming the syllables, 
leads to indistinct articulation. After calling each letter of Jerusalem a 
pupil has been heard to give the result thus, Jru'slum. But the vowels 
are often carelessly slurred over, even when each syllable is named, es- 
pecially before the letter r ; robber, for instance, is spelled thus : r o b, rob, 
b'r, ber, robber. Such spelling as the following is sometimes heard : 1 a r, 
lar, c', lar'ce, n y, larceny, — i n, in, d i, di, indi, g'nt, gent, indigent. 

12. A thorough drilling in the articulation and enunciation of words, is 
very important. Too many leave the spelling book before they are able 
to call its words at sight, especially the long words. The consequence is 



Suggestions to Teachers. 7 

that they are in danger of being made poor readers for life. They seldom 
acquire that facility of utterance, which is essential to good reading. 

13. In using the exercises in articulation and enunciation, additional 
words should be written on the black board, containing the vowels, diph- 
thongs, consonants and combinations of consonants, which the teacher, at 
a given time, desires his pupils to practise. 

14. It will be a useful exercise for pupils to write lists of words that are 
difficult, or irregular in their orthography, or to add to the lists contained 
in the spelling book ; for instance, write a list of words, in which k before 
n, or g before n, is silent, — p is silent, — ph sounds like f, — ch like k, — 
ch like sh, — gu like gw, — ui like short i, — ou like long o, — ou like 
short o, — ou like o in move, — ou like broad a, &c. While learning the 
rules for spelling, pupils should be required to write lists of words in con- 
formity with each rule, and its exceptions. 

15. Definitions and examples of the most common prefixes and suffixes 
are inserted near the end of the book. As soon as pupils are capable of 
understanding them, they should be exercised in forming and defining 
derivatives ; — take, for instance, the words press, tract, just, scribe, &c. ; 
write as many derivatives as can be found, spelling them correctly and 
explaining the meaning of the prefixes and suffixes, as they are severally 
applied. Such an exercise will afford much aid, both in correct spelling 
and in learning the meaning of words. 



KEY 

TO THE SOUNDS OP THE MARKED LETTERS. 



1. 


a 


2. 


a 


3. 


a 


4. 


a 


5. 


X 

a 


6. 


a 


7. 


a 


1. 


e 


2. 


e 


3. 


e 


4. 


e 


5. 


e 


1. 


I 


2. 


l 


3. 


i 


4. 


"i 


5. 


i 


1. 





2. 





3. 





4. 





5. 


6 


6. 





1. 


u 


2. 


11 


3. 


u 


4. 


u 


5. 


li 


6. 


u 


1. 


y 



VOWELS. 

long, Fate, pain, aid, player. 

short, . . . . . Fat, man, lad, carry. 
long before r, . . . Fare, pair, bear, prayer. 
Italian or grave, . Far, father, part, launch. 
intermediate, . . . Fast, branch, grasp, glass. 
broad,. . . ." . Fall, hall, warm, awe, laud. 
obscure,. . . . . Liar, palace, rival, abbacy. 

long, Mete, fear, keep, field, ceil, 

short, Met, men, sell, head, ferry. 

like a long before r, There, where, heir. 
obtuse short, . . . Her, herd, fern, fervid. 
obscure, .... Brier, fuel, celery, rely. 
long, . . . . . Pine, file, bind, mild, fire. 

short, Pin, fill, sit, mirror. 

like long e, . . . Pique, police, marine. 
obtuse short, . . . Fir, sir, bird, virtue. 
obscure, . . . . . Ruin, elixir, ability. 
long, . ... . Note, oak, own, soul. 

short, N5t, con, odd, borrow. 

long and close, . . M6>e, s66n, soup, fSM. 
broad, like broad &, . Nor, form, ought, sordid. 
like short u, . . . Son, done, come, money. 

obscure, Actor, confess, felony. 

long, . ... . . Tube, tune, duty, pure. 

short, Tub, tun, nut, hurry. 

middle or obtuse, . Bull, mil, pull, cushion. 
like 6 in move, . . R,ule, true, ruin, fruit. 
obtuse short, . . . Fiir, turn, murmur, hurt. 

obscure, Sulphur, murmur, deputy. 

long, - Type, style, rhyme, lyre. 



Key. 



I 



y shorty . . 
y obtuse short, 
j obscure, 
61 and by, . 
ou and bw, 
ew fo'&e long u, 



Sylvan, symbal, lyric, lynx. 
Myrrh, myrtle, myrmidon. 
Truly, envy, martyr, polygon. 
Boil, toil, boy, toy. 
Bound, but, town, now. 
Few, new, dew, jewel. 



CONSONANTS. 



9, 9, *o/fc fe'&e s, . . . . 
€, 5, Aarc? fo'&e k, . . . 
€H, ch, A<xrd> fo'&e k, . . 
£H, ch, sof£ like s, . . 
CH, ch, (unmarked) like tsh, 
<6r, g, hard, . . 
<?, £ soft, like j, 
§, s, soft, like z, , 
x, soft or flat, like g: 
TH, th, soft or flat, 
TH, th, (unmarked,) 

like shun, 



sion, 

§ion, 

cean, ) 

cian, \ 

cial, 1 

sial, I 

tial, j 

eeous, 

cious, 

tious, 

geous, 

gious, 

qu, (unmarked,) like kw, 

wh, (unmarked,) like hw, 

ph, (unmarked,) like f, 



fe^e zhun, . 
like shan, . 

• like shal, . 

fo'&e shus, 
like jus, 



sharp, 



Acid, placid, dScile, prbcess. 
Flaccid, sceptic, vaccine. 
•Character, chasm, echo, chorus 
^haise, chevalier, champaign. 
Charm, church, chat, chapel. 
-Get, give, gift, gimlet. 
(Render, giant, rigid, logic. 
Mu§e, choo§e, wi§e, vi§it. 
Example, exist, exact. 
This, thee, then, thither. 
Thin, think, pith, truth. 
Nation, notion, action. 
Pension, mission, passion. 
Confusion, virion, explosion. 
Ocean. 

Optician, politician. 
Commercial, social. 
Controversial. 
Partial, martial, nuptial. 
Farinaceous, testaceous. 
Capacious, ferocious. 
Sententious, vexatious. 
Courageous, advantageous. 
Religious, contagious. 
Queen, question, quill. 
When, while, what. 
Phantom, phrase, seraph. 



10 Remarks on the Key. 



REMARKS ON THE KEY. 

The words used in the above Key, as examples for illus- 
tration, exhibit accurately when pronounced by correct 
speakers, the different sounds of the several vowels and 
consonants. 

Vowels not marked, nor governed by any mark in the 
column or columns above, (with the exception of y,) are 
silent : thus, a in beat, boat, e in give, able, harden, i in 
pain, field, o in people, mason, famous, u in course, haul, 
w in law, borrow, are not sounded. Y unmarked is ob- 
scure, except in diphthongs, where without a mark it is 
silent, as in key, honey. 

The sound of a indicated by this mark (a) is never 
heard except when it precedes r, as in care, fair, bear, 
parent. 

The letter a with this mark (£) as in bass, past, pant, 
asp, dance, has an intermediate sound between the short 
sound of a mfat, man, and the Italian a as in far, father. 

The peculiar sounds of the vowels e, i, u and y, 
marked thus, (e, i', ii, y,) occur when they are suc- 
ceeded by r final, or by r followed by some other conso- 
nant, as in her, herd, sir, bird, cur, curd, myrrh, myrtle, 
plainly differing from their proper short sound in met, 
merry, pin, mirror, hut, hurry, lymph, lyric. 

Vowels marked with a dot underneath, thus, (a, e i, o, 
u,) are found only in unaccented syllables, and over which 
the organs of speech pass slightly in pronouncing them, 
as a in rival, e in brier, &c. This mark does not indicate 
that the vowel under which it is placed loses its appropri- 
ate sound. In a majority of cases, it indicates an indis- 
tinct short sound of the vowels, as in tenable, mental, 
adore, travel, peril, idol, forum, carry ; but in many cases, 






Remarks on the Key. 11 

it indicates a slight, or unaccented long sound, as in car- 
bonate, sulphate, ebony, omit, foment, follower, educate, 
congratulate, gradual, value, nature. The letter u in the 
last five words is pronounced like yu, slightly articulated. 

The vowels marked as obscure, when followed by r in 
final unaccented syllables, and in some other situations, 
have no perceptible difference of sound, as in liar, baker, 
nadir, actor, sulphur, zephyr. The vowel o in final unac- 
cented syllables, when followed by other consonants, as w, 
p, t, m, can scarcely be distinguished from u obscure, as 
in patron, gallon, gallop, bigot, custom. 

In order to pronounce accurately, great attention must 
be paid to the unaccented vowels. Some give them an 
undue prominence, which makes their reading appear ar- 
tificial and affected, while others utter them with such 
negligence, that almost every vowel, when unaccented, is 
changed into u obscure : thus the words animal, dialect, 
society, prudence, divisible, dominion, obey, polypus, are 
pronounced as if spelled aninml, dialect, society, prudence, 
dwviswble, ttbey, polypus. 

When u long begins a word, it sounds like yu, as in use, 
unite, union, usage, utensil. In the derivatives of this 
class of words u retains the same sound, as in disunite, 
unusual, inure. Peruse and perusal are exceptions. 

Some of the irregular or convertible sounds of the vow- 
els are not marked in the key : when they occur in this 
book, the vowel with its appropriate mark is placed over 
them, as o over a in wash, and a over ei in reign, and ey 
in they. 

SILENT LETTEES. 

The unmarked vowels, (with the exception of y,) being 
silent, they are not, therefore, printed in Italics in order 



12 Remarks an the Key, 

to designate them. The following consonants, being al- 
most always silent in the situations described, are not 
italicized in this work. 

B is silent before t and after m in the same syllable, as 
in debt, lamb. 

C preceded by s, and followed by e or i, is silent, as in 
scene, science. C is silent before k, as in back, rock, 
bucket. 

G is silent before n in the same syllable, as in gnat, 



Gh is generally silent at the end of a word or syllable, 
as in sigh, though. 

Ght always sounds like t, as in thought, caught, except 
in draught, (draft.) 

H is always silent after r, as in rhyme, rhubarb, rhetoric. 

K is always silent before n in the same syllable, as in 
knit, know. 

L is silent between a and k, and a and m in the same 
syllable, as in walk, talk, chalk, balm, alms, psalm. L is 
sounded in realm, because the a is silent. L is silent in 
the following words, calf, half, calve, halve, salve, could, 
should, would. 

N preceded by m is silent when it ends a syllable, as in 
hymn, solemn, condemn. 

P between m and t is silent, as in tempt, empty, re- 
demption, and before s and n at the beginning of a sylla- 
ble, as psalm, pneumatics. 

W is always silent before r, as in wren, ivrinkle, wrong. 

Other silent letters liable to be mistaken are printed in 
Italics. 

In words ending in le preceded by a consonant, e is 
silent, or very slightly sounded before the I, as in able, 
bible, apple, pronounced, aHbl, bi'bl, ap'pl. 

Re at the end of words sound like er, as in centre, acre. 



BemarJc8 on the Key. 13 

Tie after q or g Lard is silent, as in pique, opaque, 
rogue, vogue. 

SOUNDS OF C, G AND N. 

C sounds like h before t, as in fact, strict, direct, con- 
duct. 

C and Gr have their hard sounds at the end .of syllables, 
and before a, o, u,l and r ; and their soft sounds before 
e, i and y. The exceptions are marked, as the c in acHd, 
and the g in get. 

N has two sounds, one a simple and pure sound, as in 
pan, nun, nap ; the other a compound or mixed sound,. or 
a weak sound of ng, when, in an accented syllable, it is 
followed by c or g hard, h, q or x, as in uncle, finger, 
tankard, vanquish, anxious, pronounced ung'kle, fing'ger, 
tang'kard, vang' quish, angJc'shus. 



ACCENT. 

The mark of accent, thus, ( ' ) shows that the syllable, 
after which it is placed, should be pronounced with a 
stronger and fuller sound of the voice, as pa'per, de-mand\ 
The double accent, thus, ( " ) denotes that the c or t, 
which follows and sounds like sh, should be united to the 
preceding syllable, as in con-di"tion, de-fi"cient, pro- 
nounced con-dish'un, de-fish'ent. 

Most words of more than two syllables have more than 
one syllable in some degree accented. The primary ac- 
cent is marked as above indicated. Syllables on which 
the secondary accent falls have a mark denoting a distinct 
sound placed over them, while those that are more feebly 
uttered have a dot underneath them ; for instance, the 
2 



14 Exercises in Articulation. 

word ab'di-cate has the primary accent on the first, and 
the secondary on the last syllable ; com-mem-o-ra'tion has 
the primary accent on the fourth and the secondary on the 
second ; rec-ol-lect' has the primary accent on the third 
or last, and the secondary on the first syllable. 



EXERCISES IN ARTICULATION. 

It is a point of great importance that every learner of 
the English language should be taught to articulate per- 
fectly and with facility every original and simple sound 
that belongs to it. 

The elementary sounds of our language, as distinguished 
in Worcester's Dictionary, are exhibited in the following 
table. 

In performing these exercises, the teacher should utter 
one of the words, containing a given element, and then 
utter forcibly and distinctly the elementary sound by itself. 
The pupils in a class should then, individually, first with, 
and afterwards without the accompaniment of the teacher's 
voice, utter the given word, and its element. At length 
the whole class should practise the same simultaneously. 
Great care should be taken that the enunciation be clear 
and animated, yet natural, and free from the vehemence 
of shouting, or vociferation. 

The obscure sounds of the vowels should not be at- 
tempted by themselves. 



^Exercises in Articulation. 



15 



SOUNDS OF VOWELS AND DIPHTHONGS. 



1. a, Ale, aim, pay. 

2. a, At, fat, man. 

3. a, Fare, pair, bear. 

4. a, Far, arm, aunt. 

5. a, Ask, past, grass. 

6. a, All, awe, laud, 
a, Liar, real, abet. 

7. e, Me, eat, eel, field. 

8. e, Met, head, leopard. 

!'j .: 

9. ..' \ Her, sir, cur, myrrh. 

w I ■ 

e, Brier, poet, betray. 

10. "I, y, Pine, ice, type, try. 

11. i, y, Pin, in, it, hymn. 



12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 

17. 

18. 

19. 
20. 



i, y , Ruin, direct, envy, 
o, No, oak, soul, own. 
o, Not, sod, top, wad. 
6, Move, soon, soup, 
o, Nor, form, sordid, 
o, Labor, obey, memory 

i j-Tube, tune, duty, few 

u, Tub, cup, done, 
u, Bull, full, foot, book, 
u, Cherub, submit. 

[jl'JOil, toH, boy, toy. 

..^' iOur, bout, town, now 
ow,J 



SOUNDS OE CONSONANTS. 

21. b, Babe, robe, bee. 

s, i 

k 

22. ? I Cake, chord, liquor. 

23. d, Do, did, done, dot. 

f ' -\ 

24. ph, [Fife, phrase, cough. 
gn,J 

25. g, Gag, gay, go, mug. 

26. h, He, hay, home, hoe. 
27 - j>fe Joy, judge, age. 

28. 1, Lull, all, lily. 

29. m, Am, aim, maim. 



30. n, An, nun, nine. 

31 . ng, Sing, running, sank. 

32. p, Pea, pipe, paper. 

33. r, Ripe, pry, rare, war. 

34. s, c, Cease, see, its, miss. 

35. t, Time, tun, tent. 

36. v, Vane, vine, valve. 

37. w, Wane, we, wind. 

38. y, Ye, you, use. 

39. z, s, Zone, maze, rose. 

40. ch, Charms, church. 

sh 1 

41. -, ' > Shoe, chaise, nations. 

42. tfej This, thee, thither. 



16 Exercises in Articulation. 



43. th, Thin, month, truth. 

44. zh, Azure, pleasure. 

?' [Wax, box, rocks. 
^' [Exist, exhort. 



5 U ' j- Quill, quit, quote. 

hw, While, white, what. 

w 'i- Sweet, suasion. 
su,J > 

dw, Dwell, dwindle. 



Some orthoepists give r two sounds, one initial, or before 
a vowel, and the other final, or before a consonant ; the 
first is called hard, as in ray, pray ; the seconoTsoft, as in 
far, farm. 

The vowel o is marked short in words ending in /, ft, 
ss, st, th, as in sc5ff, 15ft, 15ss, 15st, cloth, also in gone, 
long," wro'ng, &c. ; but the sound commonly heard in these 
words approaches broad a or broad o. A medium between 
short o, and broad a or o, is said to be the practice of the 
best speakers. 

In the words ivhole, spoke, cloak, coat, stone, and some 
others, the o is marked long, but in this country, especial- 
ly in New England, it is somewhat shortened, as will be 
evident, on hearing the words hole, and whole, boat and 
coat uttered. This sound of o is nearly the same as the 
indistinct short sound of o, or o obscure, as in hero, omit, 
history. 



SPELLING BOOK 







ALPHABET. 




Raman. 


Italic. 


Old English. 


Roman. 


A 


a 


A a 


M u 


H m 


B 


b 


B b 


m & 


Q k 


C 


c 


C c 


<£, t 


G j 


D 


d 


D d 


33 5 


o 


E 


e 


E e 


m t 


Z q 


F 


f 


F f 


$ t 


N 1 


G 


g 


V g 


& 


A p 


H 


h 


H h 


m % 


R r 


I 


i 


I i 


I i 


F n 


J 


J 


J J 


3 i 


P i 


K 


k 


K k 


m u 


c g 


L 


1 


L I 


a i 


S e 


M 


m 


M m 


JM HI 


M d 


N 


n 


N n 


sr ii 


E a 








o 


© 


J f 


P 


P 


P p 


Ii P 


X b 


Q 


q 


Q q 


©, q 


Y h 


R 


r 


R r 


M v 


D c 


S 


s 


JS s 


S n 


U s 


T 


t 


T t 


8 t 


K w 


U 


u 


U u 


n « 


V u 


V 


V 


V v 


v b 


B v 


w 


w 


W w 


SSI to 


W z 


X 


X 


X x 


X V 


L y 


Y 


y 


Y y 


V 2 


T t 


Z 


z 


Z z 


z ? 


I X 


& 




is 


& 


& 



18 Alphabet 

Roman Letters. 

ABCDEFGHIJKLMN 

abed e f g h i j k 1 m n 

OPQRSTUVWXY Z 

opq r s tuv wxyz 



Italic Letters. 

A B CBEFGHIJKLMN 

a b c d e f g h i j h I m n 

OPQRSTUVWXYZ 

op q r s t u v w x y z 

Roman Letters out of Order. 

DRQNBGUALJMHSP 

dr qnb giia ljmhsp 

T OCZWKYVXIFE 
t o czwkyvxi'fe 



Manuscript Letters, £c. 19 

Manuscript Letters. 

a v c cJ e f a n> l f 

d c m n o -ft, a i a t 



en, 



READING. 

Tane, Tadn, Q?€nn, ^wdawea, 

Tane m a aooc/ acu. 7<odn m a aooa vou. 

Qytnn ft,<z4 a new- £oon>. ^pnaiceo &> aone to 
aedoot. Ji/coo-ezt m at nome. (oiten w at JH$04ton. 



Voivels, a e i o u, and sometimes w and y. 
Consonants, bcdfghjklmnpqr. stvxz.' 

Labial, or lip letters, b p m w v f . Dental, or teeth 
letters, d t 9 § s z. Palatie, or mouth letters, k 5 g y. 
Aspirate, or breathing, h. Nasal, or nostril letter, n. 
Lingual, or tongue letters, 1 r. Palatie, and dental, x. 



Double and Triple Letters. ^(Eeeoefffiffiflffl. 

■Figures. 1-2 3 4.5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 

.16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30. 



20 



Picture Alphabet. 
PICTURE ALPHABET. 



A 
a 
Axe. 




G 

g 

Gun. 




B 
b 
Boy. 




H 

h 
Hen. 





Picture Alphabet. 



21 



M 
m 
Man. 




S 
s 
Saw* 



N 
n 

Net 




T 

t 
Top. 




^ 




U 
u 
Urn. 



V 

v 
Yase. 





Q 

q 

Quill. 




W 

w 
Wolf. 




r 
Eat. 




y 

Yoke. 



22 



Syllables and Words of Two Letters. 



Long Vowel Sounds. 

Ba be bi bo bu by da de di do du dy 

fa fe fi fo fu fy ga go gu ba he hi 

ho hu hy ja je £e ji gi jo ju jy £y 

ka ca ke ki ko co ku cu ky la le li 

lo lu ly ma me mi mo mu my na ne ni 

no nu ny pa pe pi po pu py ra re ri 

ro ru ry sa se 9e si 9i so su sy cy 

ta te ti to tu ty va ve vi vo vu vy 

wa we wi wo wy ya ye yi yo yu sa ze 

zi zo zu zy ah ar oh do to or 



Short Vowel Sounds. 

Ab eb ib ob ub ad ed id od ud af ef 

if uf ag eg ig og ug ak ac ek ec ik 

ic ok oc uk uc al el il ol ul am em 



1m om urn an en in on un ap ep lp op 

up ar er ir or ur es os us at et it 

ot ut av ev iv ov of uv ax ex ix ox 

ux az a§ ez iz i§ oz uz. 

am in ov of a § go no so lo ho 

an it on us i§ oh be he we me 

at if ox up or ye my by fy I 



Beading Lessons. 23 



pa ah dd 66 au 


01 ou 


ma ha to ru aw 


oy ow 


I am. 


I do. 


Go in. 


He is. 


We do. 


Go on. 


I go. 


An ox. 


Do go. 


We go. 


My ox. 


Go up. 


I am np. 


I do so. 


Go by me. 


He is in. 


So do I. 


We go by. 


I go up ; 


Ye do so. 


I go on. 


We go in. 


So do we. 


It is so. 


It is no ox. 


It is an ox. 


My pa is in. 


Is it so ? 


My ox is up. 


He is by me. 


It is so. 


He is to go. 


I go to ma. 


So it is. 


I am to be. 


So do I go. 


I am to go. 


Do as I do. 


It is to be so. 


Ye do go. 


Do as we do. 


I am to be in. 


If I do go. 


Do so to me. 


He is up to us. 


So do ye. 


If ye do so. 


I am to go on. 


Is he up ? 


Is he to go in ? 


Lo, he is on it. 


He is up. 


No, he is to go on. 


I go up by it. 


Is he in ? 


Is he to be up ? 


Do we go at it ? 


He is in. 


He is to be up. 


We do go at it. 



24 



Syllables and Words, 



bla 


cla 


gla 


pla 


sla 


sha 


sta 


sna 


Me 


cle 


gle 


pie 


sle 


she 


ste 


sne 


bli 


cli 


gli 


Pli 


sli 


shi 


"sti 


sni 


bio 


clo 


glo 


plo 


slo 


sho 


sto 


sno 


blu 


clu 


glu 


plu 


slu 


shu 


stu 


snu 


bra 


era 


dra 


gra 


fra 


pra 


tra 


wra 


bre 


ere 


dre 


gre 


fre 


pre 


tre 


wre 


bri 


cri 


dri 


gri 


fri 


pri 


tri 


wri 


bro 


cro 


dro 


gro 4 


fro 


pro 


tro 


wro 


bru 


crii 


dra 


grti 


fru 


pru 


tra 


wru 


ska 


cha 


tha 


pha 


• sea 


swa 


spa 


kna 


ske 


che 


the 


phe 


see 


swe 


spe 


kne 


ski 


chi 


thi 


phi 


S91 


swi 


spi 


kni 


sko 


eho 


tho 


pho 


SCO 


swo 


spo 


kno 


sku 


chu 


thu 


phu 


scu 


swu 


spu 


knu 


rha 


stra 


spra 


•sera 


thra 


shra 


spla 


phra 


rhe 


stre 


spre 


sere 


thre 


shre 


sple 


phre 


rhi 


stri 


spri 


scri 


thri 


shri 


spli 


squa 


rho 


stro 


spro 


scro 


thro 


shro 


splo 


sque 


rhu 


strti 


sprti 


scru 


thru 


shra 


splu 


squi 


fly 


p ] y 


dry 


P r y 


shy 


spy 


thy 


wry 


sly 


cry 


fry 


try 


sky 


sty 


why 


spry 








Heading 


Lesson 




- 




Why 


do ye so ? 


Try to do it. 


My 


ox is dry. 


Why 


do ye cry ? 


I do try. 


Thy 


ox is spry. 


The ox is shj 


r 


He is 


to try. 


We 


try to go. 



Words of Three Letters. 25 



a * 


6 


! 


o 


ii 


bat 


bet 


bit 


bot 


. but 


cat 


let 


fit 


cot 


cut 


hat 


met 


hit 


hot 


hut 


fat 


net 


pit 


dot 


nut 


bad 


bed 


bid 


cod 


cud 


lad 


led 


lid 


hod 


bud 


had 


fed 


hid 


nod 


mud 


mad 


red 


did 


rod 


rud 


bag 


beg 


big 


bog 


bug 


hag 


leg 


Pig 


dog 


dug 


rag 


peg 


fig 


log 


mug 


tag 


keg 


dig 


hog 


hug 


can 


den 


pin 


con 


fun 


fan 


hen 


tin 


don 


gun 


man 


men 


fin 


yon 


run 


ran 


ten 


sin 


non 


sun 


mat 


pet 


sit 


not 


rut 


rat 


set 


kit 


got 


jut 


pat 


wet 


lit 


lot 


gut 


sat 


jet 


wit 


pot 


tug- 


cab 


web 


nib 


job 


cub 


dab 


bib 


jib 


rob 


rub 


nab 


fib 


rib 


sob 


tub 



Beading Lesson. 

The cat bit the rat. The dog bit the pig. 

The man is in the cab. A fly is in the web. 

The lad fed the hen. The cat is on the mat. 
3 



26 



Words of Three Letters. 



cap 


dip 


hip 


ftp 


cup 


tap 


God 


lap 


Hp 


rip 


hop 


sup 


rap 


pod 


map 


sip 


nip 


mop 


pup 


sap 


sod 


nap 


tip 


pip 


top 


tut 


g a P 


tod 


gad 


jag 


wed 


jig 


rug 


sot 


bun 


pad 


cag 


get 


rig 


jug 


rot 


dun 


sad 


nag 


yet 


wig 


P^g 


jot 


pun 


fag 


wag 


.yes 


gig 


lug 


wot 


nun 


ham 


dam 


gum 


hem 


ban 


pen 


cob 


jam 


dim 


hum 


gem 


pan 


fen 


cog 


ram 


rim 


rum 


gin 


tan 


hen 


jog 


yam 


him 


sum 


win 


van 


wen 


fog 


lax 


sex 


fix 


ha§ 


5 

wad 


bur 


son 


tax 


vex 


mix 


his 


wan 


fur 


ton 


wax 


box 


six 


kin 


wa§ 


cur 


won 


axe 


fox 


pix 


tid 


wat 


pur 


one 


bar 


mar 


ark 


or 


and 


•ash 


add 


far 


par 


arm 


nor 


end 


elm 


odd 


car 


tar 


art 


for 


act 


elf 


ebb 


jar 


are 


urn 


orb 


apt 


eld 


egg 


gfl 


Ann 


ode 


age 


ace 


ash 


hub 


m 


ink 


ope 


ate 


ice 


ant 


nub 


off 


imp 


ape 


ale 


ire 


asp 


dub 


inn 


elk 


old 


ore 


eve 


aft 


sub 



Words of Three Letters. 27 

bay gay hay P^a die Me toe 

day jay ray sea lie fie hoe 

may lay pay tea tie vie foe 

say nay way yea pie doe woe 

due law daw cow bow boy rye 

hue paw caw how mow toy dye 

cue raw haw now sow joy tye 

sue saw jaw vow owl coy eye 

our owe ivh.6 you use awe 8ft 

out own two yew u§e awl oft 



Heading Lessons. 

A dog can run. The sun is up. 

A bat can fly. The way is dry. 

Why do you cry ? Ann is not up. 

The dog bit me. She is yet in bed. 

He is not mad. She has had her nap. 

Do not vex him. Now let her get up. 

Tie up the cow. See my tin box. 

She is to be fed. It has. a lid on it. 

It is a red cow. My pen is dry. 

I can see her. Dip it in the ink. 

Ann saw the owl. May we go out ? 

And I saw him. You may go out. 

We saw him fly. The fox got the hen. 

He was far off. The dog got the fox. 



28 



Words of Three and Four Letters. 



aid 
ail 
aim 
rain 


eat 
ean 
ear 
hear 


oak 
oat 
oar 
coat 


m 

loo 
coo 
woo 


new- 
dew 
hew 
pew 


few- 
Jew 

mew 
tew 


low 
tow 
mow 
sow 


bee 
fee 
see 


gee 

lee 

tree 


buy 

guy 

why 


her 
err 
were 


air 
hair 

£301' 


sir 
fir 

bird 


all 

ball 

call 


war 

warm 

warn 


put 
puss 
bush 


a 

bey 
dey 
they 


its 
sits 
fits 


give 
live 
have 


Jane 
cane 
lane 


Joiin 
gone 
from 


ro§e 
no§e 
ho§e 
po§e. 


your 
tour 
rue 
true 


Mil 
fill 

tin 

will 


come 
some 
done 
none 


mean 
bean 
lean 
wean 


sore 
more 
tore 
wore 


soOn 
moon 
noon 
poor 


Ktith 


shoe 


key 


been 




sew 


eel 


ewe 



Beading Lessons. 



I see the sun. 
You may get up. 
It is a warm day. 
We may go out. 
The dew is off. 
Let us go now. 

A bird is on the bush. 
Now he is in the air. 
Do see him fly. 
Puss can not get him. 



Run and get my cap. 
It is a new fur cap. 
I can not see it. 
It is on the box. 
Let me put it on. 
Now let us run. 

Come and tie my shoe. 
Sit by me and I will tie it. 
Run now in the lane. 
It is a fair and warm day. 



Reading Lessons. 



How old are you ? My hat is wet. 

I am six. It is wet on the top. 

Is Jane as old as you ? How did you wet it ? 

No, she is not. The rain wet it. 

How old is Jane ? Do not put it on. 

She is two. It is not dry. 



It is a wet day. See the dog on the mat. 

We can not go out. He is not to lie on it. 

The sun is not out. He is too wet. 

It was out at six. Bid him go out. 

Yes, at six, I saw it. Get up, dog ; go out. 

I can not see it now. You may lie in the sun. 



The cat is on the bed. You can not see me. 

Did you put her up ? No, we can not see you. 

No, I did not. Why can you not see me ? 

I saw her get up. I am not far off. 

Puss, why do you so ? You are not far off. 

The bed is not for a cat. But you are hid. 

4. 

My pen is too bad. Ann can sew and hem. 

I can not u§e it. Did she hem my cap ? 

Get me a new pen. Yes, I saw her do it. 

Let me cut the nib. Can she sew my ball ? 

Now you may try it. You may ask her to do it. 

It is fit for use. She may do it, if she can. 
3* 



30 



Beading Lessons, 



I met a man, who had a dog and a gun. 
The dog met a cat, and the cat run up a tree. 
The cat was so far up, the dog did not get her. 
A dog can not run up a tree as a cat can. 

2. 

The ink is all out of my pen. 
Give me the pen. I can dip it in the ink. 
See me dip it. Now it has ink on it. 
Do not let the ink get on your map. 

3. 

Is Ruth up ? No, Ruth is not up. 
Ann is up. She got up at six. She is gone out. 
Get up, Ruth. Do not He in bed. It is day. 
The sun is up. Go out and see the cow. 

4. 

The cat has put her paw on my arm. 
I can not let you do so, puss. 
My arm is not for your paw to lie on. 
Put it off, or I may pull you by the ear. 

5. 
May I buy me a new top ? 
Yes, you may, if you can pay for one. 
You may buy a mug for Jane. 
And a tin cup for John. 

6. 
A hen can fly, but she cannot fly far. 
The fox got a hen and ate her all up. 
The dog ran at the fox, but the fox got off. 
The fox got to her den, and ran in. • 



Beading Lessons. 



3T 



1. Do you see the bee on the rose ? The rose is wet. 
The dew is not off. But the sun is up, and the bee is up. 
He is on the rose to get wax out of it. 

2. Has the bee got a leg ? Yes, he has six. A boy 
has but two. A bee can fly. A boy can not fly. No, a 
boy can run. 

3. The bee is up in the air now. We can not see him. 
He is far off. As you and I can not fly, let us run. 
Now we go, 

4. My fig is not fit to eat. It is too dry. May I get 
one out of the box ? Yes, you may get six. Get two for 
Jane, two for Ann, and two for you. 

5. My shoe fits me. I can put it on. May I go to 
see John ? No, John is gone out. He is gone to see the 
boy who is ill. The boy was out in the wet, and now he 
has to lie in bed all day. 

6. A fly has lit on my cup of tea. He is on the rim 
of the cup. The tea is too hot for him. He can not sip 
it up. Go, fly. Do not sit on the cup. He is gone. I 
see him on the box. 

7. See the boy in the lane. How gay he is. He can 
run and hop. He has a hoe and he can dig. He is of 
use. How old is he ? He is but six yet. He was six in 
May. 

8. My map is wet. Do see how wet it is. Did 
John wet it ? I can not say. I did not see him do it. 
It is so wet, I can not use it. You may lay it in the sun, 
and let it dry. 

9. Did you see the boy run ? No, I did not see him. 
Why did he run ? He ran to get at the cat. But he did 
not get her. Puss got out of his way. See ! she is on 
the top of a box. He can not go to her. 



52 



Reading Lessons. 



The Rose Bud. 

See the rose bud on the bush. How red it is at the 
tip. It will soon be out, and we can see a new, red rose. 
If it come out to-day, you may have it, and give it to Jane. 

The New Ball. 

1. See my new ball, Ann. How it will hop. 

2. Oh, John, the ball has hit me on my eye. I can 
not see. You are a bad boy, John, to let your ball hop at 
my eye. Let me go. 

3. Do not cry, Ann. I did not mean to do it. Do not 
rub your eye. If you rub it, it will be sore. It was bad 
for me to do so. I will try to do so no more. 

Tfie Bad Bog. 

1. Oh ! the dog has bit my arm. My arm is red. 
You are a bad dog. Yes, you are a bad dog to do so. 

2. Did I not pat you ? Were you not fed by me ? 
Did I not get you a warm bed to lie on ? Did I not dry 
you, if you got wet ? Yes, I did. 

3. But you have bit my arm. Go, dog. Let me see 
you no more to-day. Go, lie on your bed. Do not get up 
till I call you. 







Spelling 


Lesson. 






dust 


such 


hurt 


5 
what 


wont 


a 
pray 


gust 


much 


lurk 


wash 


once 


sley 


must 


hush 


murk 


want 


doth 


prey 


rust 


rash 


Turk 


wasp 


does 


whey 



Beading Lessons. 



S3 



The Bad Boy. 

1. A boy had a dog. He was a 
bad boy, and one day he set his dog 
on a cow. The dog ran at the cow, 
and bit her leg. 

2. The cow ran to get out of the 
way of the dog, and hit Ruth on her 
arm. Her arm was so much hurt, it 

had to be cut off. j 

3. How sad to have but one arm. How bad the boy 
was to set his dog on the cow. Ruth can not be of so 
much use now as she was. 

4. Poor Ruth ! Her arm is gone. She can not have 
a new arm. She cannot sew nor hem as she did. How^ 
sad she must be. 




The Fly in the Web. 

1. A fly is in the web. It is in 
a cob-web. It can not get out. How 
it does hum. Hear it. Oh, fly! 
why did you get in the web ? I can 
not get you out, if I try. 

2. He, who sits in his den, is a foe 
to you, and to all who come in his 

way. He will eat you up. He can sup on the leg of a fly. 
3. See, he has got you up in his den now. No more 
can you sit on the rim of my cup, and try to sip the hot 
tea. You can hum no more in the warm sun. 

_ 4. Poor fly ! you are to be eat up by him, who sits in. 
his den, and gets a fly a3 oft as he can. 




34 



Words of Four Letters, 



babe 


came 


dame 


cape 


fate 


cave 


fade 


fame 


tame 


tape 


gate 


gave 


lade 


game 


bane 


nape 


hate 


pave 


made 


lame 


vane 


rape 


late 


rave 


wade 


name 


mane 


bate 


mate 


save 


jade 


same 


pane 


date 
2. 
gaze 


rate 


wave 


cage 


bake 


sake 


dale 


bide 


gage 


cake 


wake 


haze 


gale 


hide 


page 


lake 


face 


maze 


pale 


ride 


rage 


make 


lace 


safe 


base 


side 


sage 


rake 


pace 


sate 


case 


tide 


wage 


take 


race 


pate 
3. 
fife 


vase 


wide 


dime 


line 


file 


dire 


pipe 


lime 


mine 


mile 


life 


fire 


ripe 


time 


nine 


pile 


wife 


hire 


wipe 


dine 


pine 


tile 


dike 


mire 


ri§e 


fine 


vine 


vile 


like 


tire 


wi§e 


kine 


wine 


wile 


pike 
4. 
dote 


wire 


rive 


dive 


dice 


lobe 


hole 


bone 


hive 


mice 


robe 


note 


mole- 


cone 


five 


nice 


bode 


vote 


pole 


hone 


bite 


vice 


code 


cote 


dome 


lone 


kite 


rice 


mode 


joke 


home 


tone 


size 


lice 


rode 


yoke 
cube 


Home 


zone 


cope 


bore 


hove 


dupe 


here 


hope 


core 


rove 


tube 


huge 


mere 


pope 


fore 


cove 


lute 


fume 


mete 


rope 


gore 


wove 


mute 


june 


cede 


dose 


pore 


doge 


duke 


tune 


sere 


doze 


yore 


mote 


Luke 


mule 


reve 



Words of Four Letters. 



£5 



1. 



bare 


hare 


bold 


told 


fort 


torn 


care 


pare 


cold 


bolt 


port 


worn 


dare 


tare 


fold 


colt 


host 


pork 


fare 


ware 


gold 


jolt 


most 


poll 


mare 


love 


hold 


dolt 


post 


roll 


rare 


dove 


sold 


ford 
2. 

cord 


both 


toll 


fall 


salt 


born 


bind 


rind 


gall 


halt 


corn 


lord 


find 


mild 


hall 


malt 


horn 


corb 


hind 


wild 


tall 


warp 


lorn 


cork 


kind 


child 


wall 


wart 


morn 


fork 


mind 


pint 


ward 


swart 


form 


sort 
3. 

damp 


wind 


sign 


back 


band 


fang 


. sank 


cash 


hack 


hand 


gang 


lamp 


• tank 


dash 


lack 


land 


pang 


vamp 


dank 


gash 


pack 


sand 


rang 


bank 


hank 


lash 


sack 


bang 


sang 


lank 


cant 


rash 


tack 


hang 


camp 


rank 
4. 

belt 


rant 


sash 


beck 


bend 


bent 


best 


left 


deck 


lend 


lent 


felt 


jest 


weft 


neck 


mend 


dent 


melt 


lest 


kept 


peck 


rend 


rent 


help 


nest 


wept 


reck 


send 


sent 


pelf 


rest 


held 


desk 


tend 


went 


self 
5. 
lift 


west 


weld 


bell 


less 


nick 


dint 


fist 


fell 


mess 


pick 


rift 


hint 


list 


hell 


vest 


rick 


sift 


lint 


mist 


sell 


mesh 


sick 


hilt 


mint 


dish 


tell 


debt 


tick 


tilt 


lisp 


fish 


well 


Seth 


wick 


wilt 


wisp 


wish 



86 Words of Four Letters. 



ding 


Knk 


bffl 


1. 

hiss 


bond 


18ft 


king 


.pink 


gm- 


kiss 


pond 


soft 


ring 


sink 


pm 


miss 


fond 


cost 


sing 


mink 


kill 


disk 


pomp 


lost 


wing 


tink 


mill 


risk 


long 


tost 


wind 


wink 


sill 


this 
2. 
dusk 


song 


moth 


loss 


bump 


bung 


bulb 


dock 


moss 


jump 


hung 


husk 


bulk 


hock 


toss 


lump 


rung 


musk 


pulp 


lock 


doll 


pump 


sung 


tusk 


gulf 


mock 


loll 


hunt 


punk 


rusk 


tuft 


rock 


font 


runt 


sunk 


gush 
3. 
buff 


duct 


sock 


buck 


fund 


.cull 


buzz 


gilt 


duck 


bust 


. dull 


cuff 


hulk 


milt 


luck 


just 


gull 


huff 


fact 


gift 


muck 


tush 


hull 


luff 


tact 


milk 


suck 


buss 


lull 


muff 


calx 


silk 


tuck 


fuss 


null 


puff 
4. 
barb 


adze 


yelk 


curb 


turf 


fern 


cart 


bark 


curd 


surf 


germ 


garb 


dart 


dark 


surd 


burn 


term 


card 


mart 


hark 


curl 


turn 


pert 


hard 


part 


lark 


furl 


purl 


wert 


lard 


tart 


mark 


hurl 


urge m 


jerk 


yard 


harp 


park 


farm 


gOOd: 


down 


' fast 


brSt 


hSts 


harm 


hood 


town 


cast 


chat 


rats 


marl 


wood 


gown 


last 


flat 


bid§ 


barn 


look 


fowl 


mast 


gnat 


pens. 


darn 


took 


cowl 


past 


plat 


hen§ 


yarn 


book 


howl 


vast 


that 


runs. 



Spelling and Beading. 



87 



1. 



scar 
star 
spar 


word 
work 
worm 


high 
nigh 
sigh 


film 
helm 
whelm 

2. 
meal 
heal 
peal 

3. 
®M 
mood 
rood 


next 
text 
sect 


rule 
rude 
ru§e 


type 
lyre 
Tyre 


pith 
faith 
myth 


cook 
hook 
foot 


James. 
name§ 
saves. 


herd 
verb 
herb 


walk 

talk 

balk 


dirt 
dirk 
kirk 


girl 
gird 
girt 


ft 
hoop 
wool 
wolf 


flies. 

dries. 

tries. 



with 



eye? 



birds. 



suit 



lieu 



view 



The Bide. 





Ki* 


~-~. ■ -• = ■ ■■ ~ 



1. John. What a fine day it is ! 
The sun is out warm. The air is 
mild. And pa has just told me, that 
we may have a ride in the new gig. 
Ann is to go with us. 

2. James. How far are we to 
go ? Can we ride to the top of the 

hill ? We may have a good time if we can ride so far. 

3. Ann. Oh, yes ! and we may have a good time if 
we do not ride so far. Put on your hats. I will put on 
my hood. The gig will be here soon. 

4. John. Here it is. We can all sit in it. Let down 
the top. If the top is up, we can not see so well. Come, 
Ann, let me help you in. Now let us go. 

5. Ann. Take care, John; do not go so fast. Pa 

4 



SB Beading. 

told us to take care. How good he is to give us this ride. 
If we love him, we must do as he bids us. 

6. James. Ann, look up in the air. Do you see that 
bird ? It is a dove. It is so high, I can but just see it. 
How fast it does fly. It will soon get to its home. 

7. Ann. Look this way, John, see the ants up in the 
air. Do ants have wings ? 

8. John. Yes, they must have wings, if they fly. 
Some ants have wings and some have none. They do not 
fly fast. 

9. James. Here we are at the top of the hill. How 
far we can see ! Let us get out of the gig. We have 
rode so far, it will rest us to walk. 

10. Ann. See that mill, John, at the foot of the hill. 
What is done in the mill ? What do they make ? 

11. John. They make meal out of corn. I have not 
been in it. I can not tell how it is done. We will ask 
pa. He will tell us if we ask him. 

12. James. It is time for us to go back now. We 
must not be late home. It will not be safe for us to ride 
in the dark. 

13. Ann. Here we are at home, and all safe. We 
have had a fine ride. Ah, here is pa. He is come out 
to see us. How good you are to let us ride in the new 

gig- 



The Fly. 

1. A bird can sing, but a fly can not sing. A fly can 
hum. Birds have too legs and two wings. A fly has two 
wings and six legs. It flies and hums with its wings. It 
runs with its legs. 

2. A fly has lit on my hand. Now, fly, I will pat you. 
I will hit you so hard, that you can not get oft. 



Reading. 



39 



3. Ah ! I did not hit you. You were off too soon for 
me. But you will not come back. 

4. Yes, he is on my hand once more. What do you 
want, fly ? Do you want some food ? I have none on my 
hand, that you can sip up. 

5. Go, fly ; go to the rose, as the bee does. You may find 
food in the rose. But you say, you do not like the rose. 

6. What! not like the rose? the fair rose? You do 
not like to fly so far ; do you ? Go, then ; I can not hold 
you on my hand. 



ij§iPfflB| 




%: : : ; s 


^§jsF^^i^3§S£fe& " 


w 






^lilP^ 


Lmk 








-"-; -^i-S3&=i=& : 


plllliljllg 


'* :i:s £^££=z^e 




r* v- JsllfPsiiii 






I^SKJJf 2 


|?1%K=1S3I§ 










§& ^ 



The Owl. 

1. What is this ? Is it a bird ? It does not look much 
like a bird. It looks more like a cat. It has two eyes, 
and they are as big as the eyes of a cat. It has two legs, 
but a cat has four. 

2. It is an owl. Yes, your name is owl. You love 
mice as well as the cat. You can eat birds too. You 
live in the hole of a tree. You do not come out till the 
sun is set. 

_ 3. The lark can sing, but you can not sing. All the 
birds hate you. Go back to your hole in the tree. Do 
not come out to kill the birds. 



40 



Words of Four Letters. 



1. 



bass 


mask 


raft 


blab 


brad 


club 


lass 


task 


waft 


crab 


clad 


chub 


mass 


gasp 


path 


drab 


glad 


drub 


pass 


hasp 


bath 


scab 


shad 


grub 


bask 


rasp 


lath 


slab 


brag 


stub 


cask 


haft 


pant 


stab 
2. . 
snap 


drag 


snub 


flag 


slam 


span 


bred 


scud 


shag 


swam 


than 


trap 


fled 


stud 


snag 


clam 


chap 


wrap 


shed 


drug 


stag 


bran 


clap 


hath 


sped 


plug 


dram 


clan 


flap 


crag 


clef 


slug 


cram 


plan 


slap 


sham 
3. 
trip 


step 


snug 


stem 


glib 


drip 


knit 


drum 


them 


slid 


flip 


grip 


quit 


chum 


when 


twig 


ship 


whip 


smifc 


plum 


wren 


whig 


skip 


chit 


slip 


scum 


tret 


chip 


slip 


frit 


spit 


grum 


whet 


clip 


snip 


grit 
4. 

clog 


whit 


swum 


skim 


skin 


plod 


flop 


stum 


slim 


shin 


knot 


flog 


prop 


shun 


swim 


spin 


plot 


frog 


stop 


glut 


whim 


thin 


knob 


chop 


blot 


slut 


chin 


writ 


shod 


crop 


clot 


flux 


grin 


whiz 


shop 


drop 
5. 
wail 


grot 


thus 


play 


bray 


laid 


days 


free 


clay 


fray 


paid 


gain 


Pm 


glee 


slay 


flay 


fail 


pain 


ways 


thee 


pray 


stay 


jail 


vain 


P%s 


flee 


dray 


gray 


nail 


bait 


stay§ 


knee 


tray 


sway 


tail 


wait 


prays 


lees 



Words of Four Letters. 



41 



bead 


deal 


bean 


fear 


heat 


bout 


lead 


veal 


lean 


gear 


meat 


gout 


read 


seal 


yean 


near 


neat 


pout 


beak 


zeal 


heap 


tear 


seat 


rout 


leak 


ream 


reap 


year 


beat 


loud 


weak 


team 


leap 


rear 
2. 
laud 


peat 


lout 


load 


foam 


died 


dawn 


noun 


road 


roam 


pied 


daub 


fawn 


sour 


toad 


moan 


tied 


maul 


lawn 


thou 


loaf 


roar 


die§ 


haul 


pawn 


ours. 


soak 


soar 


pies 


caul 


hawk 


oust 


foal 


boat 


ties. 


cauf 
3. 

b66t 


yawl 


owls. 


goat 


do3m 


fo-61 - 


h36f 


oil. 


soap 


loom 


pool 


hoot 


roof 


boil 


coal 


room 


tool 


root 


loof 


coil 


loam 


boon 


boor 


nook 


woof 


foil 


goal 


loon 


moor 


coop 


boom 


soil • 


oath 


cool 


coot 


loop 
4. 


coom 
u 


roil 


show 


grow 


thaw 


new- 


brew 


tb*n 


stow 


know 


gnaw 


slew 


drew 


void 


blow 


glow 


flaw 


clew 


crew 


join 


crow 


snow 


draw 


knew 


grew 


loin 


flow 


sown 


craw 


chew 


screw 


coin 


slow 


mown 


claw 


stew 
5. 
seem 


threw 


oint 


deed 


beef 


feel 


peep 


mewl 


feed 


reef 


heel 


keen 


weep 


hewn 


heed 


meek 


keel 


seen 


beer 


news 


need 


reek 


peel 


teen 


veer 


Jew§ 


reed 


seek 


reel 


deep 


meet 


lewd 


weed 


week 


deem 


keep 


feet 


newt 



42 



Words of Four and Five Letters. 



lamb 
jamb 
dumb 
numb 


limb 
crumb 
plumb 
thumb 


comb 
climb 
tfonb. 
womb 

2. 
bees, 
sees. 
fees 

a 3. 

weigh 

neigh 

eight 
4. 

known 

grown 
5. 

half 

calf 

halve 

calve 

salve 
6. 

right 

might 
fight 

7. 
aunt 
haunt 
jaunt 

8. 
field 
yield 
grief 
thief 


earl 
earn 
learn 
yeam 


^our 
flour 

scour 
shout 


veil 
rein 
vein 
veins. 


inch 
etch 
itch 


aids, 
ails, 
aims. 


goes 

toes 

hoe§ 


brow 
prow 
prowl 


each 
east 
ea§e 


pair 
lair 
chair 


a 

reign 
deign 
feign 


bear 
wear 
tear 


count 
fount 
mount 


blur 
•slur 
spur 


door 
floor 


coax 
hoax 


bowl 
throw 


plea 
flea 


hymn 
lynx 


bier 
pier 
tier 
fief 

mien 


ft 

books 
hooks 
goods. 
: woods, 
soot 


balm 
calm 
palm 
alms 
^?salm 


mc>ve 

prove 

lo§e 

whose 

whom 


dead 
head 
lead 
read 
heads. 


could 
would 
should 


night 
sight 
light 


mmce 

since 

wince 


mall 
shall 
shalt 


four 
pour 
soul 


shine 
thine 
twine 


there 

ere 

where 


charm 

snarl 

Charles. 


loves, 
doves, 
comes. 


blue 

flue 

glue 


sheep 
sheet 
teeth 
three 


smell 
spell 
shell 
swell 


touch 
young 
tongue 
sponge 


hurts 
hands, 
owns. 
trees. 


bull 
pull 
foil 
push 



Spelling and Reading. . 43 



firm 

stir 

chirp 


horse 
morse 
north 


great 
break 
steak 


1. 

tho§e 
the§e 
ride$ 

2. 
grass 
class 


goring 
be-ing 
do-ing 


lamb§ 
biirks 
then 


g66se 
geese 


rich 
which 


o 

wasps 
ducks 


grant 
champ 

01 


truth 
truths 



Charles. 

1. Charles, what are eyes for ? To see with. 
What are ears for ? To hear with. 

What is the tongue for ? To talk with. 
What are teeth for ? To eat with. . 
What is the nose for ? To smell with. 
What are legs for ? To walk with. 

2. Then do not make me take you in my arms. Walk 
your-self. Here are two good legs. 

3. Come, let us go in the fields and see the sheep, and 
the lambs, and the cows, and trees, and birds. 

4. There is a man on horse-back. • Where are you go- 
ing ? He does not mind us ; he rides a-way. Now he is 
a .great way oif. Now we can not see him at all. 

5. There is a dog. The dog barks. Do not fear, he 
will not hurt you. Come to me, dog. Let him lick your 
hand. His name is Tray. 

6. Tray shall go with us. He is a good dog. He is 
glad to see us, and to go with us. Pat poor Tray. Tray 
likes those who pat him, and feed him, and are kind to 
him. 

7. Here are five toes on this foot, and five on that foot. 
Five and five are ten. Ten toes. Can you count ten? 

8. What are you do-ing ? I fear you will tear your 
book. No, I will take care. I am going to spell all the 
words on this page* I mean to read it well the next time. 



44 



Spelling and Reading. 



white 
write 
quite 


large 
barge 
charge 


strng 
bring 
thing 

2 
round 
ground 
found 

aw 3 
ought 
brought 
sought 


think 
drink 
blink 


stung 
flung 
sprung 


bl&ck 
track 
crack 


bread 
tread 
dread 


proud 

cloud 

cloudy 


wheat 
bleat 
speak 


south 

mouth 

doubt 


tea§e 

please 

beard 


while 
smile 
stile 


green 

sweet 
sleep 


grand 
plant 
plants 


cell 

cell? 

dell 


close 

clos'-er 

clos-est 



Rain. 

1$- Shall we walk ? No ; not now. I think it will rain 
soon. Look, how black the sky is. Now it rains. How 
fast it rains. 

2. Rain comes from the clouds. The ducks love rain. 
Ducks swim, and geese swim. Can Charles swim ? 

3. No, Charles is not a duck, nor a goose ; so he must 
take care not to go too near the pond, lest he should fall 
in. 

4. If he should fall in, I do not know that we could get 
him out. If we could not, he would die. 

5. When Charles is as big as James he shall learn to 
swim. 

A Walk. 

1. It does not rain now. The sky is blue. Let us take 
a walk in the fields, and see the men at work, and hear 
the birds sing. 



Heading. 45 

2. Do not walk on the grass now. It is too high. It 
is quite wet. Walk in this dry path. There is a worm. 
Do not tread on it. 

3. Oh ! what a large field. This is not grass. No, it 
is corn. It will be ripe soon. 

4. Bread is made of corn. I dare say Charles does not 
know how bread is made. Well, some time I will tell 
him. 

5. Shall we look at the bees in the hive ? Will the 
bees sting us ? No, they will not sting us if we do not 
hurt them. 

6. Wasps will not sting us, if we do not hurt them. 
There is a wasp on my arm. Now it is gone. It has not 
stung me. 

7. What is meal made of? Meal is made of corn and 
rye. They are ground in a mill. Elour is made of wheat. 

8. Corn and rye and wheat grow in the fields. Grass 
grows in the fields too. 

9. Cows eat grass, sheep eat grass, and the horse eats 
grass. Boys and girls do not eat grass. No, they eat 
bread and milk. 

10. When the snow is on the ground, and the cows and 
sheep can not get grass, then they eat hay. 

. 11. Does hay grow in the fields ? Yes, hay is made 
of grass. When' the sun shines, men mow down the high 
grass. The hot sun dries it, and that makes hay. 



John and Ann have been out to-day. They took a long 
walk. On the way, they met a poor old man, whom they 
knew, and to whom they gave some bread. The poor 
man was glad to take what they gave him, for he had had 
no food all day. 



46 



Spelling and Heading. 



strow 
throw 
blows. 



inorn mg 
sort mg 
form ing 



stm 

spill 
skill 



crSss 

dross 
gloss 



strive sp661 
drive stool 
thrive school 



1. What time of day is it now? It is morning. I 
have just got up. Look, see where the sun is. It is close 
to the ground. The sun is now in the east. 

2. Turn your back to the sun. Your face is now to 
the west. When the day is just gone, you will see the 
sun in the west. The sun sets in the west. 

3. The wind blows. Which way does it blow ? Take 
that lock of wool and throw it up. The wind blows it this 
way. The wind comes from the north. The wind is 
north. A north wind is cold. A south wind is warm. 
East, west, north and south. 

4. It is a cold day. Bring in some wood. Put it on 
the fire. The room is not so warm as I should like to 
have it. Do not go too near the fire. You will burn 
your shoes. 



1. Will you lend me your new book, John? I should 
like to read it. It is a long time since I have read a new 
book. It will take me but a day or two to read it all. 

2. I will lend it to you, if you will use it with care. 
My aunt gave it to me, and she told me I must keep it 
free from dirt. A neat book is a sign that he who owns it 
loves to read. 

8. Well, John, if you will let me have it for a few days, 
I will try to use it well. I will bring it back as soon as I 
have read it. 



Spelling and Reading. 
1. 



47 



house 


small 


bl66m 


snail 


brawl 


place 


mouse 


stall 


gloom 


flaH 


crawl 


grace 


louse 


thrall 


broom 

2. 
heart 


frail 


crawls. 


trace 


stone 


spare 


staid 


edge 


noi§e 


stones 


stare 


hearth 


braid 


hedge 


poise 



G-od takes Care of All. 

1. "Who sends rain from the clouds, and heat from the 
sun, to make the grass grow ? It is God. God takes 
care of the horse and the cow, as well as of you and me. 
He gives them and us what we need. How good we 
should try to be, and how much we ought to love God, 
who feeds and cares for us all. 

2. See that bee. How it hums with its thin wings* 
Ah, poor bee ! You do not know for whom you work so 
hard, while you fly so fast all the warm day. When your 
house is full and you are gone to rest in it, some one will 
come and kill you in your hive, and take all your sweet 
food from you. 

3. Can we teach the bee to make her cell, and lay up 
her food for the cold day, when there are no plants in 
bloom hi which she can find it ? No, we can not. Were 
we to try, we could not make its cells of wax. It is God 
who shows the bee how to make her house, and where to 
find her food. 

4. God cares for the bee, and the small fly, the worm 
that crawls on the ground, and the snail, that bears its 
house on its back. He is good and kind to all things. 
Let us try to please him. Let us do as he has bid us in 
his word. 



48 



Words of Two Syllables. 



ba'by 
lardy 
na-yy 
ya-ry 


re'al 

yi-al 
di-al 
li-ar 


1. 

li'on 
Zi-on 
ri-ot 
yi-ol 

2. 
po-et 
po-em 
Jo-el 
za-ny 

3. 
ti-ny 
wi-ly 
wi-ry 
pu-ny 

L 
bx-en 
al-um 
ab-ba 
Ad-am 

5. 
d6-er 
al-so 

6. 
Ju-lf 
Pe-ru 


bo'ny 
holy 
po-ny 
to-ry 


ro'§y 

po-§y 

ea-§y 
Lo-i§ 


du-ty 
du-ly 
fu-ry 
Lu-cy 


fa-el 

du-el 
su-et 
di-et 


La-zy 
ha-zy 
nia-zy 
do-zy 


Ba-al 

bi-as 
du-al 
Noah 




ti-dy 
li-my 
ro-py 
on-ly 


po-ry 
Marry 

mi-ry 


so-fa 
mi-ca 
Li-ma 
Cu-ba 


i-cy 
i-yy 
e-ra 
E-li 


en-vy 

ed-dy 
.in-ly 


ep-ic 
ex-it 
ax-is 
at-om 


ey-er 
Ez-ra 
Em-ma 
ar-my 


dy-er 

ty-ro 


m-t3 
un-to 


m-in 
ru-by 


so-lo 
ye-to 


de-fy' 
de-ny 


al-ly' 
af-fy 


a-d6' 
tin-do 


a-go' 
a-way 


re-ly 


es-py 


du-et 


up-on 


a-new 



Reading Lesson. 
Lucy had a new slate. She went to school with Emma. 
Lucy was six years old, but Emma was only four. They 
met some oxen in the road. They did not fear to go by 
the oxen, for they had a yoke on their necks. 



Words of Two Syllables. 



49 



pa'per 


vo'ter 


1. 

ro'ver 


wa/fer 


ra'ter 


ca-per 


po-ker 


to-per 


wa-ver 


ta-ker 


fe-ver 


ba-ker 


so-ber 


wa-ger 


di-ver 


le-ver 


ma-ker 


ra-ker 


ra-cer 


ti-ler 


ri-der 


vi-per 


barter 


pa-cer 


si-zer 


ci-der 


. pi-per 


ta-per 
2. 
pa-pal 


o-ver 


ti-ger 


larbel 


fa-tal 


lo-cal 


ve-nal 


li-bel 


na-val 


vi-tal 


do-tal 


nartal 


narked 


fi-nal 


ce-dar 


pe-clal 


re-gal 


car-ret 


ri-val 


lu-nar 


pe-nal 


o-ral 


bi-ped 


to-tal 


po-lar 


du-cal 


bo-ral 


no-ted 


vo-cal 


so-lar 
3. 
cra-zy 


le-gal 


o-val 


a-ble 


lu-cid 


tri-al 


bri-er 


ta-ble 


hu-mid 


gra-vy 


fri-ar 


cri-er 


fa-ble 


tu-mid 


sba-dy 


tri-ad 


fii-er 


labile 


pu-pil 


spi-cy 


bra-vo 


glo-ry 


ma-ple 


lu-rid 


sto-ny 


pri-or 


smo-ky 


ca-ble 


cu-bit 


sto-ry 
4. 
i-dle 


bri-ny 


sca-ly 


tra-der 


fra-mer 


ti-tle 


gru-el 


gra-ter 


gra-ver 


bi-ble 


tri-fle " 


cru-el 


spi-der 


gro-cer 


bri-dle 


ri-fle 


cm-et 


wri-ter 


dra-per 


. cra-dle 


ha-zle 


tru-ly 


dro-ver 


ska-ker 


sta-ble 


sa-ble 


dru-id 


clo-ver 


qua-ker 


sta-ple 
5. 
ac'tor 


ga-ble 


ru-ler 


Sd'der 


offer 


val'or 


tal'on 


el-der 


ot-ter 


ab-bot 


vig-or 


fel-on 


en-ter 


am-ber 


cap-tor 


rig-or 


wag-on 


in-ner 


um-ber 


fad-tor 


big-ot 


mel-on 


np-per 


ul-cer 


vic-tor 


piv-ot 


lem-on 


ut-ter 


as-ter 


doc-tor 


ten-or 


ven-om 



50 



Words of Tiuo Syllables. 



hap'py 


fan'cy 


1. 

bod'y 


bod'ie§ 


cal/in 


car-ry 


can-dy 


cop-y 


cop-ie§ 


cav-il 


- mer-ry 


han-dy 


pit-y 


pittes 


civ-il 


mar-ry 


pen-ny 


lil-y 


lil-ie§ 


liv-id 


ber-ry 


pop-py 


cit-y 


cit-ie§ 


sol-id 


fer-ry 


put-ty 


ver-y 
2. 
gal-Ion 


lev-ie§ 


rob-in 


bar-rel 


diUy 


mam-mon 


ra-pid 


tas-sel 


witty 


gam-mon 


ran-dom 


vap-id 


ves-sel 


sil-ly 


can-ton 


cus-tom 


sat-in 


gos-pel 


lob-by 


pis-ton , 


bottom 


mat-in 


tin-sel 


fol-lj 


pis-tol 


sel-dom 


rel-ic 


liii-tel 


sor-ry 


com-mon 

3. 
ham-mer 


ran-som 


col-ic 


nev-er 


cam-el 


batter 


mim-ic 


riv-er 


mod-el 


lad-der 


better 


civ-ic 


liv-er 


hov-el 


sum-mer 


pep-per 


com-ic 


sev-er 


nov-el 


win-ter 


din-ner 


mer-it 


lep-er 


lev-el 


hatter 


sup-per 


hab-it 


giv-er 


reb-el 


man-ner 

4. 
rob-ber 


butter 


ma,x-im 


ban-ner 


tan-ner 


ten-der 


mel-low 1 


can-cer 


pam-per 


cop-per 


lim-ber 


f el-low 


fen-der 


lat-ter 


gun-ner 


lumber 


yel-low 


gen-der 


letter 


run-ner 


num-ber 


tal-low 


cin-der 


bit-ter 


lim-ner 


mus-ter 


mar-row 


tiii-der 


mil-ler 


litter 
5. 
gib-bet 


sin-ner 


win-dow 


mag-net 


pel-let 


pan-nel 


fin-ger 


mal-let 


Tel-vet 


son-net 


can-eel 


lin-ger 


liam-let 


fer-ret 


bon-net 


fen-nel 


lon-ger 


lan-cet 


hel-mefc 


cos-set 


ken-nel 


an-ger 


tab-let " 


bil-let 


gus-set 


fun-nel 


hun-ger 


lap-pet 


fil-let 


buf-fet 


tun-nel 


hun-fry 



Words of Tioo Syllables. 



51 



1. 



blad'der 


plat'ter 


stam'mer 


drum'mer 


printer 


chap-ter 


flatter 


spat-ter 


plmi-der 


clev-er 


clap-per 


scatter 


smat-ter 


spin-ner 


prop-er 


blis-ter 


shat-ter 


blun-der 


skip-per 


chisel 


glit-ter 


slen-der 


blus-ter 


slip-per 


chaj>el 


glim-iner 


shel-ter 


clus-ter 

2. 

big-ger 


slum-ber 


plan-et 


chap-let 


tav-ern 


sud-den 


rich-er 


plum-met 


cav-ern 


rig-ger 


mit-ten 


with-er 


chan-nel 


mod-em 


dig-ger 


patten 


pitch-er 


flan-nel 


lan-tern 


dag-ger 


lin-en 


gath-er 


skim-mer 


cis-tern 


lug-ger 


kitch-en 


rath-er 


swini-mer 


pat-tern 


big-gest 
3. 
mon-ey 


chick-en 


lath-er 


cor-ner 


bow-er 


5 

wan-der 


bar-ber 


bor-der 


pow-er 


hon-ey 


wan-ton 


car-ver 


or-der 


tow-er, 


cov-ey 


war-rant 


gar-ner 


for-mer 


vow-el 


mon-key 


war-ren 


gar-den 


mor-sel 


flow-er 


cov-et 


wal-let 


far-ther 


for-ty 


show-er 


hov-er 
4. 

net-tie 


wal-low 


fa-ther 


cov-er 


&p-ple 


sad-die 


cSt-ton 


lov-er 


cattle 


kettle 


han-dle 


les-son 


oth-er 


rat-tie 


peb-ble 


sam-ple 


reck-on 


motfr-er 


lit-tle 


fid-die 


tem-ple 


but-ton 


smotfr-er 


rid-dle 


pim-ple 


kin-die 


mutton 


broth-er 


rip-pie 


bot-tle 
5. 
un-cle 


bun-die 


glut-ton 


pad-die 


battle 


cel-lar 


bul-let 


can-die 


bab-ble 


an-kle 


pil-lar 


pul-let 


man-tie 


mettle 


ran-kle 


col-lar 


bush-el 


am-ble 


mid-die 


tiir-tle 


dol-lar 


bush-es 


, gam-ble 


sim-ple 


pur-ple 


pop-lar 


butch-er 


gen-tle 


hum-ble 


hur-dle 


vul-gar 


pud-ding 



52 Spelling and Reading. 

f i e 

read'er learn'ing rough pret'ty said 

teach-er learn-er tough pret-ti-er saith 

speak-er learned e-nough' pret-ti-est says 



Little Jane. 

1. Mother, said lit-tle Jane, I do not like to go to 
school. May I not stay at home to-day ? 

2. But why do you wish to stay at home ? Why do 
you not like to go to school ? 

3. If I stay at home, I hope you will let me play all 
day ; but if I go to school, I must sit still and learn my 
les-son. 

4. I am ver-y sor-ry, Jane, to hear you talk so. But 
if you stayat home, I can-not let you play all day. If 
you play all the time, you will never learn to work nor to 
read. 

5. But why must I learn to work and to read, mother ? 
I am not old e-nough to do much work ; and can I not 
learn to read when I am old-er as well as now ? 

6. No, Jane ; when you are old e-nough to work, you 
will not have so much time for learning to read. You 
must learn to read now, that you may have time to work 
when you are old-er. And if you do not learn to read, 
of what use will books be to you ? 

7-. I do not know, moth-er, — I should like very much 
to read the pret-ty sto-ries in the new books. I think I 
will go to school and learn to read as fast as I can. 



Words of Two Syllables. 



53 



fa'vor 


o'dor 


fio'ral 


an'gel 


de'mgn 


la-bor 


do-nor 


plu-ral 


dah-ger 


co-Ion 


tu-tor 


tu-mor 


fru-gal 


man-ger 


se-ton 


ju-ror 


mi-nor 


spi-nal 


ran-ger 


ma-tron 


rna-jor 


stu-por 


spi-ral 


cban-ger 


pa-tron 


ra-zor 


pre-tor 


pli-ant 

2. 
gi-ant 


cham-ber 


ne-gro 


a-gent 


po-tent 


hu-man 


sa-ving 


la-tent 


no-cent 


vi-and 


pa-gan 


la-ding 


de-cent 


re-cent 


pli-ant 


Ro-man 


du-ring 


cli-ent 


re-gent 


va~cant 


ha-tred 


ta-king 


co-gent 


stu-dent 


va-grant 


sa-cred 


sha-ving 


mo-ment 


se-quel 


vo-lant 

3. 
va-cate 


se-cret 


wa-ving 


ba-sis 


fo-rum 


do-tage 


qui-et 


gra-tis 


fo-cns 


ro-tate 


cu-rate 


quo-ta 


cri-sis 


re-bus 


fe-male 


pi-rate 


que-ry 


de-is t 


se-rum 


fi-nite 


cli-mate 


qua-ker 


the-ist 


cro-cus 


vi-brate 


pri-vate 


qua-ver 


pa-pist 


cho-rus 


mi-grate 

4. 
stu-pid 


pro-bate 


quo-ram 


o-gle 


dy-ing 


m-dex 


ga-ze§ 


no-ble 


ty-ing 


flu-id* 


hi-let 


ma-zes. 


sti-ne 


tj-ing 


pu-trid 

5. 
ran-sack 


em-met 


blarze§ 


pock-et 


crick-et 


ban-ish 


per-ish 


rock-et 


thick-et 


bar-rack 


fam-ish 


pun-ish 


buck-et 


brack-et 


ham-mock 


blem-ish 


van-ish 


tick-et 


wed-lock 


pad-lock 


rel-ish 


fin-ish 


jack-et 


liem-lock 


fet-lock 


self-ish 


lav-ish 


wick-et 


liil-lock 


mat-lock 

6. 
matter 


cher-ish 


par-ish 


at-Ias 


oc-tave 


her-alcl 


ad-verb 


sal-ad 


con-cave 


tram-pet 


ser-aph 


prov-erb 



5* 



54 



Spelling mid Reading. 



soup 
through 


1. 

tired their 

rained theirs 
o 


w 

ones, 

once 


filch 
milch 


dread'-ful 
health-ful 


wick'-ed 
sift-ed 


3. 
4. 


pon'-der 
yon-der 


cau§e 
be-cau^ 


cam-let 
mil-let 
sig-net 
rus-set . 


com-et 
val-et 
lev-et 
civ-et 


cher-ub 
eher-up 
sul-phur 
vel-lum 


hun'-dred 
kin-dred 
chil-dren 
breth-ren 


try'ing 
fly-ing 


timely 
home-ly 


an'y . 
man-y 


al'most 
al-ways 




John Holt. 





1. John Holt is a good boy. He goes to school and 
takes pains to learn. 

2. When at school, John keeps to his books till he has 
learned all his tasks. 

3. When he comes out he can play with a good heart, 
for he knows that he has time to spare. 

4. John is a little boy, on-ly five or six years old, but 
he can read quite well. 

5. John Holt will not fight, nor throw stones, nor dirt, 
at the boys and girls. He nev-er calls them by bad 
names, nor tries to vex them. 

6. He loves his fa-ther and moth-er and teacher, and 
does all that they bid him. He is so kind to all who 
know him, that they all love him, and try to do him good. 

7. John Holt is a hap-py-boy. He is never cross to 
his play-mates, and they are always kind to him. 

8. Let all boys who read this lesson, strive to be as 
good as John Holt. 



Reading. 



55 




The Cruel Boy. 



1. As a bird was one day fly-ing to seek food for its 
young ones, a boy saw it ; he had a gun in his hand, and 
shot the poor thing through its head, and down it fell to 
the ground. 

2. The boy ran to it and took it up ; and when he saw 
that it was dead, he gave it to his dog to eat. 

3. How cruel and wicked it was to kill the poor bird, 
which never did any harm in all its life, and to take it 
from its young ones, that were in the nest, wait-ing for it 
to come back and feed them. 

4. The poor little birds could not think why their moth- 
er staid so long. They' kept chirp-hig and chirp-ing, till 
they were quite tired. 

5. At night, they grew so cold, for want of their moth-er 
to brood over. them, that they did not know what to do. 

6. There were five in the nest, and two of them died of 
cold and hunger that night. 

7. The other three lived till the next morn-ing, when, 
get-ting to the edge of the nest, to look for then 1 moth-er, 
two of them fell out and broke their bones. 



56 



Heading and Spelling. 



8. The} 7 lay in great pain for some time, but could not 
move, for they were too young to hop or fly. 

9. At last a great hog saw them on the gound, and ate 
them up, and so put them out of their pain. 

10. But the other poor little thing, that was left in the 
nest, did not die so soon ; for it lived all day, very cold 
and in great pain, from being so hun-gry. 

11. It kept chirp-ing as long as it was able to make a 
noise, in hopes its moth-er would hear and come and feed 
it. But, poor thing, she had been shot by the cruel boy, 
and was dead and could not hear it. 

12. At last it got so weak, that it lay still at the bot- 
tom of the nest. In the night, it rained fast and the wind 
blew, and so it died of cold like the others. 

13. Thus there was an end to five pretty young buds, 
that all died in so dread-ful a way, because a wan-ton, 
cruel, and wicked boy shot their poor moth-er. 



a-bate' 


a-maze f 


e-late' 


be-came' 


in-clte' 


a-bide 


a-wake 


e-vade 


be-have 


in-vite 


a-bode 


a-live 


e-rase 


be-take 


iri-voke 


a-lone 


a-like 


e-lope 


be-side 


in-due e 


a-tone 


a-side 


e-rode 


be-fore 


in-sane 


a-dore 


a-cute 


e-lude 
2. 
re-gale 


de-bate 


in-vade 


de-fame 


de-base 


re-late 


se-date 


de-face 


de-ride 


re-vere 


re-vile 


se-rene 


de-fine 


de-note 


re-tire 


re-cite 


se-vere 


de-file 


de-pute 


re-fine 


re-mote 


se-duce 


de-rive 


de-lude 


re-fate 


re-pute 


re-pine 


de-cide 


de-mure 


re-duce 


re-take 


re-bake 



Words of Tivo Syllables. 



57 



al-lude' 


ad-here' 


as-pire' 


af-ford' 


for-gave* 


as-sume 


ad-vene 


ex-pire 


ex-port 


for-sake 


acl-jure 


ac-cite 


en-tire 


im-port 


cor-rode 


al-lure 


ad-vice 


ex-cite 


sup-port 


con-fide 


a-d-roire 


ad-duce 


ex-bale 


re-port 


con-fute 


at-tire 


ar-rive 


em-pale 

2. 
mis-take 


con-trol 


con-duce 


ap-ply 


pro-fane 


a-ri§e 


in-hale 


re-ply 


pro-mote 


mis-name 


a-ro§e 


in-nate 


com-plj 


pro-voke 


di-vine 


ad-vise 


im-pede 


sup-ply 


re-voke 


di-vide 


ex-po§e 


im-bibe 


im-ply 


pro-vicle 


dis-pute 


op-po§e 


im-pute 


de-cry 


pro-cure 


dis-like 

3. 
con-dole 


sup-po§e 


il-lume 


ma-ture 


com-bine 


sub-lime 


be-bold 


ma-nure 


corn-pile 


con-nive -: 


sub-side 


re-mind 


pa-rade 


corn-mode 


con-vene 


sur-vive 


be-hind 


pa-role 


com-pete 


con-fine 


con-cise 


un-bind 


hu-mane 


com-pute 


con-sume 


pro-fuse 


un-kind 


sa-lute 


com-mune 


con-jure 

4. 
be-gm 


mo-rose 


un-wind 


ad-mit 


ca-bal 


atxtend 


af-f ect 


ad-mix 


ca-nal 


be-gan 


ap-pend 


ef-fect 


an-nex 


a-non 


be-gun 


"at-test 


in-fect 


al-lot 


a-bet 


be-set 


ar-rest 


ac-cept 


an-nul 


cra-vat 


be-get 


as-sist 


ex-cept 


re-bel 


ca-det 


re-mit 
5. 

be-held 


ad-just 


neg-lect 


re-lax 


dis-pel 


un-fit 


a-loft 


re-pel 


dis-til 


be-reft 


un-til 


a-dopt 


re-but 


ex-tol 


de-fend 


un-did 


ac-cost 


re-fit 


for-bid 


de-pend 


un-fix 


jap-an 


bo-tel 


sub-mit 


re-lent 


un-less 


rat-an 


for-got 


ful-fil 


re-perit 


un-ujst 


lap-el 



58 



Words of Two Syllables. 



COHl-HlTt' 


in-sist' 


con-sist' 


ac-cess' 


per-haps' 


corn-pel 


sub-sist 


con-test 


re-cess 


per-plex 


corn-mix 


in-vest 


con-duct 


ex- cess 


per-mit 


com-mend 


in-fest 


con-tend 


ex-tend 


pro-tect 


col-lect 


in-tent 


con-vict 


ex-tent 


pro-long 


corn-pact 


con-tent 


suc-cess 

2. 
in-ciir 
oc-cur 
re-cur 
de-mur 


ex-pend 


pro-pel 


le-vanfc 
re-cant 
de-camp 
de-cant 


en-trap 
en-camp 
re-plan 
di-van 


* 
ar-ray 
al-lay 
de-lay 
de-cay 


be-tray 
dis-play 
dismay 
mis-lay 


se-dan 
tre-pan 


di-gesfc 
di-vest 


dis-turb 
u-§urp 
3. 
in-dee d 


re-pay 
re-lay 


pqr-tray 
. a-stray 


at-fcain 


cOn-tain 


ven-due 


a-ward 


de-tain 


sus-tain 


ex-ceed 


en-sue 


re-ward 


re-tain 


ob-tain 


pro-ceed 


en-due 


be-fall 


as-sail 


or-dain 


suc-ceed 


sub-due 


re-call 


de-tail 


re-main 


es-teem 


pur-sue 


in-stall 


pre-vail 


be-wail 


re-deem 
4. 

as-slgn 
de-sign 
be-nign 

5. 
tin-fold 


in-bue 


ap-pall 


ap-pear 
en-de ai- 
de-feat 


re-peat 
ap-peal 
re-veal 


con-dlgn 
con-sign . 
ma-Hgn 


a-right 
a-light 
de-light 


de-form 


ac-count 


un-safe 


e 
a-gain 


re-form 


a-mount 


un-told 


un-like 


a-gainst 


in-form 


re-count 


un-bolt 

n 


un-lace 


a-Iong 


blame 


place 


0. 

?#hole strong spelt 


month 


flame 


grace 


stole wrong shelf 


monk 


shame 


trace 


store ton 


gs delf 


front 



Reading. 59 

Late at School. 

1. You are come to school very late to-day, John: 
your -class have read and spelt their lesson, and you must 
lose your place. Can you tell me why you did not come 
in time to read and spell with your class ? 

2. I was kept at home by my mother. I had not done 
what she told me to do before I went to school. She said 
it must be done, or I could not go at all. 

3. You were much to blame, John, to delay your work 
till school-time. Y^ou were at play, were you, when you 
ought to have been at your work ? 

4. Yes, sir ; I met a boy hi the road, and he and I 
went to play with a new ball which he had just bought. I 
did not think I should stay so long ; but when we left off 
play, I found it was late. I will try to do better in time 
to come. I did wrong to neglect my work for play. 

5. I hope you will not do so again. But you have lost 
half an hour this morning ; and if you were to lose half 
an hour each day, how many hours would that make in 
a week ? Can you tell ? 

6. Yes, sir ; there are six days for going to school in 
a week ; if I lose half an hour each day, it would make 
three whole hours. « 

7. You are right, John ; and three hours are half a day 
of school-time. And if you should lose half a day in a 
week for one year, it would amount to a whole month of 
your school-time. You see, then, that by los-ing only a 
little time, each day, it amounts to a great deal in a year. 



T in the first and e in the last syllable are silent. 

list'-en oft'-en bnst'-le nest'-le buck'-le 

glist-en sofVen grist-le pest-le tack-le 

christen hast-en thist-le whistle ax-le 



60 



Spelling and Reading. 




• 




The Lark. 


_ 


foZk 
fofks 


sit'-ting 
run-ning 


1. 

ii§'-e§ 
wi§-er 

2. 
glad'der 
glad-dest 


ear'-ly voice 
earth-ly choice 


end'-ed 
mend-ed 


6v'-en 
doz-en 


hap'pi-er 
hap-pi-est 



1. Mother, said little Jane one day, why do folks say, 
" ga^as a lark ? " As James and I were playing this 
morning in the lane, uncle Charles came along ; we had 
just been run-ning and mak-ing a mer-ry noise, and he 
said, Jane, I am glad to see you so happy ; you are as 
gay as a lark. Is a lark a gay bird ? 

2. Yes, Jane, a lark is gay. It seems to be always 
happy. At times, you may see it sit-ting and sing-ing on 
the top of a high tree, mak-ing its voice heard far off. 

3. At other times you may see it soar-ing high up in 
the air. As it goes up, it sings ; and when the song is 
end-ed, down it drops into the grass again. 



Spelling and Reading. 61 

4. The lark always rises ear-ly in the morning. As 
soon as it is light enough to see, it begins to pour forth its 
glad note. Its nest is made in the grass, and has a top, 
like an oven, to keep off the rain. 

5, ,1 have told you enough about the lark now. But 
if you, Jane, would always be as gay as the lark, you 
must always be good. If you are not good, you can-not 
be glad and hap-py. And you must rise ear-ly too. 
They who he in bed all the morning are apt to be cross 
all day. 



The Garden. 

1. . 

sorts hoed frSst string first o'pen 

stork named cloth spring third e-ven 

2. 

blos'som plant'ed flbw'ers. Chi'na col'or 

glos-sy granted show-er§ Ri-ga com-fort 

1. "What are you doing, John ? are you at work in your 
garden ? 

2. Yes, I am hoe-ing up the weeds. They grow very 
fast, and they must be hoed up, or my flowers will never 
blos-som. " 

3. What sorts of flowers have you in your garden ? 

4. I have many sorts. In this little bed, I planted 
some pinks. They are China pinks, and they blossom the 
first year. They are very pretty, and last a long time. 

5. In this corner of my garden, I have some rose- 
bushes. You can see the buds on them now. Some will 
be red, and others white. 

6 



62 Beading and Spelling. 

6. In m bed are China asters of all colors .They 
Wlr like stars The word aster means a star, ana tney 
Sht be immed star-flowers.- They do not blossom tdl 
late, bnt they make a toe show. 

7 Here is a morning glory. It is cnmo iu D *y 

C Tntutnl t come and see me, when my powers are 
in bioomf I will give you a great many, enongh to make a 
frost fine nose-gay. 



blade 
glade 
shade 



trade 
grade 

drake 
flake 
snake 
slake 



crape 

grape 

shape 

scrape 

slate 

plate 

blaze 
braze 
craze 
glaze 
graze 



snake bathe 



glebe 

theme 

scene 

scheme 

sphere 

swine 



bride 

pride 

glide 

slide 

chide 

stride 



prate 
grate 
skate 
state 
stage 
brace 



haste 

paste 

taste 

waste 

chaste 

swathe 

chine 

spine 

thine 

trine 

whine 

shrine 



frame 
crane 
plane 
slave 
grave 
stave 

I. 

change 

grange 

strange 

chafe 

baste 

phrase 



3. 



chime 

clime 

crime 

prime 

slime 

brine 



brave 

crave 

shave 

knave 

stake 

quake 

flare 

glare 

scare 

share 

snare 

square 

smite 

spite 

trite 

shive 

prize 

splice 



price 
slice 
trice 

spice 
twice 
thrice 

bribe „ 

tribe 

scribe 

strike 

spike 

strife 

gripe 

snipe 

tripe 

stripe 

knife 

knivef 



Words of One /Syllable. 



63 



grope 


sliote 


drone 


choke 


clove 


globe 


scope 


smote 


prone 


cloke 


drove 


probe 


slope 


wrote 


throne 


smoke 


grove 


quote 


trope 


force 


forge 


spoke 


stove 


close 


score 


horde 


clothe 


stroke 


porch 


pro§e 


snore 


borne 


clothes 

2. 
rhyme 


strove 


ghost 


chose 


flute 


brute 


blithe 


blind 


droll 


stupe 


crude 


thyme 


lithe 


grind 


knoll 


plume 


truce 


chyle 


tithe 


christ 


scroll 


spume 


spruce 


style 


writhe 


ninth 


stroll 


pule 


prune 


scythe 
brash 


chives 


whilst " 


scold 


bland 


plank 


trash 


stack 




swan 


brand 


flank 


crash 


smash 


smack 


wand 


stand 


drank 


clash 


thrash 


knack 


swab 


strand 


frank 


flash 


clack 


stamp 


w^atch 


crank 


prank 


slash 


slack 


clamp 


swamp 


clank 


thank 


plash 

4. 
scalp 


brack 


cramp 


swash 


batch 


snatch 


bald 


wharf 


o 
quash 


latcli 


scratch 


spasm 


scald 


dwarf 


squash 


catch 


thatch 


pha§m 


squall 


swarm 


squat 


hatch 


scrap 


chasm 


qualm 


sward 


whap 


match 


strap 


lapse 


chalk 


swath 


wast 


patch 


scant . 


manse 

5 
thigh 


stalk 


quart 


false 


blight 


flight 


sport 


scale 


ii 

world 


bright 


knight 


wight 


forth 


stale 


worth 


fright 


slight 


wright 


sloth 


whale 


worse 


~ plight 


tight 


spright 

6 
glove 


shorn 


scarce 


worst 


u 

.wort 


shove 


sword 


swear 


bomb 



64 



Words of One Syllable. 



1. 



spark 


scarf 


arch 


starve 


blast 


brisk 


shark 


chart 


march 


carve 


clasp 


frisk 


stark 


smart 


larch 


farce 


grasp 


whisk 


chark 


start 


parch 


gape 


flask 


scrip 


sharp 


shard 


starch 


harsh 


blanch 


strip 


scarp 


wrath 


parse 


marsh 

2. 
clench 


branch 


sprit 


brass 


chance 


blend 


fetch 


cling 


glass 


dance 


spend 


drench 


ketch 


fling 


chaff 


lance 


bench 


wrench 


vetch 


sling 


staff 


glance 


tench 


flesh 


sketch 


swing 


chant 


prance 


wench 


fresh 


stretch 


sprig 


slant 


trance 


stench 


thresh 
3. 
fence 


wretch 


swig 


cleft 


chest 


bless 


ledge 


split 


theft 


crest 


chess 


hence 


pledge 


drift 


smelt 


wrest 


dress 


pence 


fledge 


flint 


crept 


guest 


press 


thence 


sledge 


print 


slept 


guess 


cress 


whence 


dredge 


stint 


swept 


whelp 


stress 


scent 
4. 
dense 


wedge 


splint 


delve 


check 


shred 


nerve 


verge 


helve 


speck 


tenth 


sense 


serve 


herse 


twelve 


wreck 


length 


tense 


swerve 


perch 


selves. 


quest 


strength lens 


verse 


stern 


dwell 


quench 


twelfth 


tempt 


terse 


sperm 


knell 


quell 


depth 


dregs, 
stick 


serge 


clerk 


cliff 


drill 


shrill 


shrink 


crimp 


stiff 


frill 


shrift 


trick 


twink 


shrimp 


sniff 


trill . 


thrift 


click 


brick 


pinch 


whiff 


thill 


swift 


thick 


crick 


winch 


bliss 


thrill 


shift 


blink 


chick 


clinch 


Swiss 


quill 


stilt 


clink 


quick 


flinch 



Spelling and Reading. 



grist 
twist 
wrist 
whist 
did it 
midst 



dodge 
lodge 

hodge 

copse 
solve 
sconce 



filth 

sixth 

fifth 

width 

plinth 

smith 

block 

clock 

frock 

crook 

knock 

shock 



trick 
crisp 

strict 
ditch 
hitch 
witch 

skirt 
flirt 
shirt 
birth 

girth 
mirth 



1. 

stitch 
twitch 
chrism 

prism 
prince 
quince 
2. 
birch 
smirch 
thirst 
whirl 
twirl 
dirge ^ 




ridge 

bridge 

midge 

bilge 

hinge 



scorn 
thorn 
short 
snort 
torch 
scorch 



65 



tinge 

twinge 

cringe 

fringe 

swinge 

springe 

gorge 
(J-eorge 

chord 
corpse 
storm 
tort 






^ 



*v*$&&~ : 



.^23L_____ 






Sheep and Lambs. 



mourn stream 

bourn scream 

court dream 

course clear 

fourth shear 

gourd spear 

1. It is spring. 



breathe 

sheathe 

eaves 

greaves 

sheaves 

leave § 



hound 
pound 
sound 
wound 
bound 
mound 



clean 
glean 
cream 
bream 

steam 
fleam 



How glad the sheep and iambs are to 
0* 



66 Heading. 

see the spring come ! The sun and the rain have made 
the grass grow. The lambs skip in the green fields, and 
bite the fresh grass. The grass is good for them, and they 
love to be out on the hills, to hreathe the pure air, and 
drink the clear stream. 

2. Are sheep of any use ? Yes, sheep are of great use. 
The wool is cut from their backs, and made into clothes 
for men to wear. Sheep do not need the wool in summer ; 
and when winter comes, it will be grown out again ! The 
flesh of sheep is good to eat. It is called mutton. 

3. See that lamb. How he does skip and play ! He 
is on a rock. How he jumps down and runs to meet the 
old sheep, and get some milk ! He wags his tail, for he is 
glad to taste the sweet food. 

4. A fox got a young lamb out of the flock, one night, 
and took it to her den in the woods ; there she tore it up 
for her cubs to eat. We' saw the bones and the wool of 
the poor lamb at the mouth of the den. The old sheep 
was sad at the loss of her lamb. She ran about, all day, 
crying for her lamb ; but no lamb could she find. 

5. Poor sheep ! you cry in vain. The sly fox took 
your lamb to her den. Her young cubs "tore the flesh 
from the bones. The cubs are now asleep in their dark 
hole, while you mourn for the lamb that you loved so dear- 
ly. You will see it no more. It will no more hear your 
voice ; it is dead. 

6. Let us get some hounds, and hunt the old fox. If 
the hounds drive her into her den, we may dig her out, 
and take the young cubs away. We will shut them up, 
and not let them eat little lambs any more. 

7. A fox will eat ducks, and geese, and hens, when he 
can catch them. He will eat birds too. If a fox sees 
geese in a pond, he will swim in to get at them. One 
goose is quite a large load for a fox. He takes a goose 



Spelling and Reading. 67 

( 
by the neck, and swings her on his back, and trots off. 
The goose can make no noise, while the fox has her by the 
neck. He bites so hard that she soon dies. 



The Blind Man. 

claim growth dough fruit friend 

slain -strow though fruits friends. 

1. Look, John ! there is a blind man at the door. Poor 
man ! Is he quite blind ? He is ; then bright as the sun 
shines, he does not see it. 

2. What a sad thing it is to be blind ! If you wish to 
know how this poor man feels, you must shut your-self up 
in a dark room, and then you will be just the same, while 
you are there, as he is now. 

3. How kind the Lord is to us, to spare us our sight ! 
We can see the sun, the moon and the stars. We can 
see the cows and sheep graze in the fields, and lambs skip 
and play on the hills. We can see the growth of corn 
and grass, and the plants and trees bring forth their bloom 
and fruits. 

4. We can see the ships on the sea, and the waves dash 
the foot of the cliffs. We can see the birds soar in the 
air, or fly from tree to tree ; but this poor blind man can 
see none of these, no more than we could see them, if we 
were shut up in a dark room. 

5. Poor man ! Let us be kind to him. We will go and 
speak to him. Now, my dear, ask him how he does. Ask 
him if he sees us. He says, " he does not see us," though 
we are so near him. 

6. We should always be kind to the poor ; and those 
who are both blind and poor, have twice the claim upon 
ua that they have who can see. 



68 



Words of Two Syllables. 



sis'ter 


lm'net 


1. 

par'rot 


pen'cil 


grot't? 


sil-ver 


tip-pet 


car-rot 


bob-bin 


mot-to 


tim-ber 


gul-let 


bal-lot 


an-vil 


dit-to 


tem-per 


pup-pet 


mag-got 


pub-lie 


can-to 


suf-fer 


ten-et 


gal-lop 


top-ic 


sal-vo 


wel-ter 


riv-et 


des-pot 

2. 
san-dal 


spir-it 


jun-to 


ten-don 


gram-mar 


men-tal 


parlor 


sex-ton 


scan-dal 


vas-sal 


fis-cal 


har-bor 


cit-ron 


bal-lad 


of-fal 


pet-al 


ar-bor 


can-non 


beg-gar 


den-tal 


cor-al 


ar-mor 


sum-mon 


nec-tar 


ves-tal 


med-al 


ar-dor 


sec-ond 


cen-tral 


sig-nal 

3. 

in-fant 


mor-al 


car-go 


schol-ar 


slug-gard 


er-rand 


har'ness 


ren-ard 


mus-tard 


rem-nant 


on-ward 


hard-ness 


liz-ard 


cus-tard 


dis-tant 


ram-part 


harsh-ness 


wiz-ard 


scab-bard 


stag-nant 


flip-pant 


sharp-ness 


haz-ard 


in-ward 


cur-rant 


sul-tan 


dark-ness 


stand-ard 


west-ward 


in-stant 

4. 
em-blem 


sab-bath 


tart-ness 


nap-kin 


bles-sing 


dic-tate 


gar'nish 


bod-kin 


shil-ling 


clem-ent 


in-mate 


tar-nish 


vic-tim 


ship-ping 


tan-gent 


man-date 


var-nish 


den-tist 


spin-ning 


ful-gent 


stag-nate 


ari>ist 


bap-tist 


stop-ping 


but-ment 


tes-tate 


dar-ling 


splen-did 


wed-ding 


tim-brel 

5. 
art-less 


nar-rate 


star-ling 


af-ter 


gar-net 


mar-gin 


mor-tal 


raf-ter 


market 


calm-ness 


pars-nip 


for-mal 


mas-ter 


car-pet 


har-vest 


gar-lie 


mor-tar 


ba^k-et 


var-let 


char-ter 


arc-tic 


or-gan 


plas-ter 


tar-get 


par-eel 


far-thing 


dor-mant 


elan-der 


scar-leb 


mar-vel 


mar-quis 


for-ward 



Words of One Syllable. 



69 



clung 


trunk 


stump 


bunch 


bluff 


brain 


strung 


drunk- 


plump 


hunch 


gruff 


drain 


swung 


skunk 


thump 


punch 


snuff 


grain 


wrung 


shrunk 


trump 


crutch 


stuff 


train 


slung 


spunk 


crump 


dutch 


truss 


chain 


lungs 


hunks 


clump 

2 
crust 


hutch 


skull 


plain 


blush 


truck 


stmt 


dunce 


stain 


brush 


cluck 


thrust 


shrub 


plunge 


strain 


crush 


stuck 


thrum 


scrub 


judge 


sprain 


flush 


struck 


blunt 


shrug 


drudge 


twain 


plush 


pluck 


grunt 


skulk 


.grudge 


faint 


thrush 


chuck 


stunt 

3 
biirse 


mulct 


"pulse 


taint 


chiirn 


burst 


bleed 


greet 


paint 


churl 


curst 


curse 


breed 


eleet 


saint 


spurn 


durst 


nurse 


creed 


street 


plaint 


church 


gurge 


purse 


speed 


cheek 


trait 


lurch 


purge 


curve 


steed 


creek 


strait 


scurf 


surge 


furze 

4 
beech 


fleet 


sleek 


waist 


steep 


queen 


steer 


earth 


plait 


creep 


spleen 


leech 


sneer 


dearth 


trail 


sweep 


screen 


speech 


breeze 


pearl 


quail 


steel 


sleeve 


screech 


freeze 


search 


raise 


kneel 


fleece 


cheer 


sneeze 


hearse 


praise 


Wheel 


queer 


sheer 


squeeze 


heard 


chaise 



1. God, I thank thee that the night 

In peace and rest hath passed away ; 
And that I see in this fair light 

My Father's smile that makes it day„ 

2. Be thou my Guide, and let me live. 

As under thine all-seeing eye ; 
Supply my wants, my sins forgive, 
And make me happy when I die. Piebpont. 



r 



70 



Spelling and Reading. 



aw 

fought 
brought 



car'ried 
tar-ried 



thought olcl'er bu^'y 

wrought old-est bust'-ness 

The unmarked e is silent, 
t 

pleaded looked fetched 

teamed thanked picked 



a-bash' 
be-dash 



a-byss 



The Little Boy's Gift. 
. 1. A little boy had & garden, a spade, a rake, and a 
hoe. He was very fond of working in his garden. One 
summer he had in it a great many pretty flowers, and 
some peas. 

2. When his peas were ripe, he said to his sister, I will 
take a basket and pick some peas, and carry them to the 
poor lame man on the common ; he is so ill now, that he 
cannot ride on his horse as he used to do, and go to work. 

3. So the little boy fetched his basket, and was very 
busy picking his peas ; and when he had picked them, he 
carried them to the poor old man, and put them on the 
table. 

4. The poor old man was sitting by the fireside, quite 
alone ; for his wife was gone out to work, and his children 
were a great way off. 

5. When he saw the little boy come in, and put the 
peas upon the table, he smiled and looked glad, and 
thanked him very kindly. 

6. The little boy seemed very happy. His sister was 
pleased to see him so good to the poor old man. I dare 
say, when the old man ate his peas, he thought of the lit- 
tle boy, and said, I hope God will bless that boy, who is 
so very good to me. 



blown 


mould 


cr<5up 


y6uth 


guide 


flown 


moult 


group 


wound 


guile 


shown 


source 


yours 


bou§e 


gui§e 



Words of One Syllable. 



71 



gleam 


streak 


drear 


beach 


bleach 


gleam § 


sheaf 


screak 


smear 


peach 


feast 


sheaves. 


cheap 


squeak 


plead 


reach 


beast 


freaks . 


bleak 


wreak 


knead 


teach 


least 


beasts 


freak 


treat 


heath 


breach 


yeast 


feasts 


creak 


cheat 


sheath 

2. 
bloat 


preach 


peace 


pleads 


cease 


heave 


boast 


board 


leaves 


lease 


weave 


float 


coast 


hoard 


weaves 


crease 


league 


cloak 


toast 


loath 


floats 


grease 


teague 


croak 


roast 


loathe 


bloats 


leave 


wreath 


groan 


coach 


coarse 


boasts 


cleave 


wreaths 


throat 

3. 

ounce 


roach 


hoarse 


toasts 


spout 


shroud 


foist 


broil 


groans 


scout 


flout 


bounce 


hoist 


spoil 


boards 


stout 


couch 


iounce 


joist 


point 


loathes. 


snout 


pouch 


pounce 


moist 


joint 


trouts 


trout 


vouch 


flounce 


roist 


quoin 


spouts 


sprout 


slouch 


frounce 

4. 

tooth 


groin 


quoit 


sprawls. 


grS6m 


r66st 


groove 


a 

skein 


sp66n§ 


spoon 


sloop 


sooth 


loose 


feint 


grooms. 


swoon 


scoop 


soothe 


moose 


weight 


spoils 


proof 


stoop 


noose 


booth 


freight 


broils 


shoot 


swoop 


boose 

5. 
shriek 


whoop 


eight 


points 


vague 


brief 


piece 


aught 


rogues 


plague 


chief 


frieze 


fierce 


caught 


plagues. 


vogue 


fiend 


liege 


pierce 


naught 


fiends 


rogue 


shield 


siege 


grieve 


taught 


shield § 


brogue 


wield 


niece 

6. 
deuce 


thieve 


fraught 


proOis 


wharves mSsque 


feud 


prayer 


mayor 



^z^z — 



72 



Words of Two Syllables. 



re-place' 


em-brace' 


dis-grace' 


pre-clude' 


pa'-ce§ 


de-prave 


in-cline 


en-grave 


su-preme 


ra-ce§ 


de-cline 


in-clude 


en-slave 


di-vorce 


vi-ces 


de-prive 


im-plore 


ex-plode 


en-force 


ca-ges. 


re-plete 


in-flame 


ex-plore 


in-spire 


pargef 


de-plore 


mis-place 


ex-clude 

2. 

re-spire 


ob-scure 


wa-ges. 


de-po§e 


dis-clo§e 


ex-cbange 


for-ces 


re-po§e 


in-clo§e 


re-store 


se-crete 


for-ges. 


im-po§e 


re-clo§e 


de-range 


ex-treme 


bolt-ed 


dis-po§e 


de-vi§e 


ar-range 


blas-pbeme 


jolted 


com-po§e 


re-vi§e 


de-grade 


con-spire 


ford-ed 


pro-po§e 


pre-mi§e 


cre-ate 
3. 
im-pel 


per-spire 


post-ed 


es-trange 


pre-scribe 


ob-jSct 


sifVed 


ob-scene 


pro-scribe 


im-pend 


ob-test 


lift-ed 


ab-struse 


in-scribe 


im-print 


of-fend 


hinged 


en-throne 


sub-scribe 


im-press 


op-press 


rent-ed 


post-pone 


chas-ti§e 


in-gest 


ob-struct 


melt-ed 


de-scribe 


ii-nite 


in-crust 

4. 

ad-dress 


oc-cult 


fund-ed 


se4ect 


. in-tend 


con-tract 


coach-e§ 


pre-dict 


in-duct 


ag-gress 


con-struct 


roach-e§ 


pro-ject 


in-ject 


attract 


ex-tract 


vbuch-e§ 


pro-tract 


in-struct 


af-flict 


sub-tract 


liirch-es. 


re-gret 


in-fleet 


ab-rupt 


sub-ject 


church-es. 


be-guile 


sw 
per-suade 


ar-raign 


re-hearse 


bun-ce§ 


miB-^uide 


dis-suade 


cam-paign 


tin-heard 


floun-ce§ 


di§-gui§e 


as-suage 


9bam-paign 

6. 
au-stere 


un-learn 


poun-ces. 


re-morse 


ca-rou§e 


bab-o^n 


fainted 


en-dorse 


a-rou§e 


au-gust 


plat-oon 


paint-ed 


dis-gorge 


es-pou§e 


aug-ment 


drag-oon 


cheat-ed 



spread 
thread 
stead 



Words of One Syllable.) 



death 

breath 

breadth 



1. 



health 
wealth 
stealth 



dealt 

breast 
sweat 



73 



realm deaths 
meant breasts 
cleanse realms. 



gouge 
rou§e 
spouse 
lounge 

brown 
crown 
drown 
frown 



douse 
souse 
grouse 
route 

clown 
growl 
scowl 
scow 



bough 
plough 
slough 
drought 
3. 
crowd 
browse 
drowse 
bowl 



fraud 
sauce 
gauze 
faun 

drawl 
scrawl 
sprawl 
spawn 



fault 
vault 
pau§e 
clause 

yawl 
yawn 
pawn 
gnaw 



boughs 
plough§ 
frauds, 
faults 



drawls 
crawls, 
yawns 
gnaws. 



seize 
seine 
ceil 



cruise 
brui§e 
crui§e 



guard 

gnarl 

czar 



flax 

quaff 

else 



fifths 
sixths 
tenths 



daunt 
gaunt 
vaunt 



prong 

throng 

thong 

seethe 
wheeze 

height 
sleight 



laugh 



stock 
troth 
prompt 

ache 
lathe 

quack 
thwack 

sh 
sure 



scSff 

notch 

blotch 



6. 



draught scourge 



isle 
draeAm 

7. 
frize 
pique 

5 8. 
j&cht 

9. 
myrrh 



thick 
click 
prick 

build 
guild 

f 

cough 
trough 

steve 

^?shaw 



waif 

straight 

traipse 

built 
guilt 

nymph 
sylph 

gauge 

suite 



flaunt 

launch 

haunch 

aches 
isles 

f 

coughs 
laughs 

sieves 

draughts 



74 



Heading and Spelling. 



The Hard Tosh. 

1. Boy. I never can learn this long task ; it is so very 
hard, I am sure I can never learn it. I have been at it 
all the morning, and yet I do not know it any more than 
when I first took up the book. What shall I do, mother ? 
for I want to go out of doors, to swing in our new swing. 

2. Mother. Do not talk, nor look off your book ; and 
pray do not think of the swing ; and then you can soon 
learn this hard task quite well. 

3. You say you have been try-ing to learn it all the 
morning ; but you mis-take ; your mind has been out of 
doors ; your thoughts have been in the swing ; and in this 
way your poor eyes can no more learn your lesson, than 
the eyes of a doll could. 

4. This is not like a good or a wise boy. Take pains ; 
and while you have work or a task to do, think of it ; 
then you can soon do it ; and when it is done, you will be 
glad, and can go out and play, or swing, as happy and as 
long as you please. 



al'-ter 


wal'-nut 


1. 

veV-min 


per'-fect 


fox'es 


al-der 


wal-rus 


her-mit 


ser-pent 


box es 


hal-ter 


wam-pum 


ver-dict 


fer-vent 


tax es 


pal-ter 


pal-sy 


fer-vid 


ker-nel 


sex es 


pal-try 


warn-ing 


ser-mon 


mer-cy 


vex es 


wa-ter 


quar-ter 


fer-vor 

2. 
coun-ter 


pert-ly 


six es 


ver-bal 


pleas-ant 


jby-ful 


dish es 


ver-nal 


peasant 


foun-der 


joy-ous 


fish es 


ser-vant 


pheas-ant 


floun-der 


boy-ish 


lash es. 


ver-dant 


feath-er 


bound-less 


roy-al 


sash es 


mer-chant leath-er 


boun-ty 


loy-al 


loss es 


Ger-man 


weath-er 


coun-ty 


voy-age 


wish es 



Words of Tivo Syllables. 



75 



pal'ace 


man'age 


1: 

horn' age 


bag'gage 


village 


men ace 


dam age 


for age 


cab bage 


pil lage 


pref ace 


ad age 


bond age # 


pas sage 


cot tage 


sol ace 


rav age 


im age 


mes sage 


pot tage 


neck lace 


sav age 


vint age 


til lage 


um brage 


pin nace 


pack age 


pres age 

2. 
jus tice 


crib bage 


suf frage 


stop page 


mal ice 


ac tive 


rep tile 


sal vage 


crev ice 


office 


cap tive 


sex tile 


vi§ age 


bod ice 


sol stice 


fes tive 


mis sile 


plu mage 


nov ice 


lat tice 


pen sive 


hos tile 


^er bage 


pum ice 


ser vice 


cos tive 


ductile 


cour age 


prac tice 


no tice 

3. 
flor id 


ol ive 


f u tile 


na tive 


hor rid 


sor did 


hor net 


mo tive 


tor rid 


flor in 


mor bid 


cor net 


mas sive 


gos sip 


frol ic 


tor pid 


cor set 


pas sive 


fos sil 


crit ic 


or bit 


vor tex 


f er tile 


coffin 


trop ic 


or chis 


corse let 


servile 


gob lin 


tim id 
4. 

biir'nish 


thorn y 


short er 


f am ine 


miir'der 


biir'dock 


bru'tal 


jas mine 


pur ser 


fur nish 


fur long 


ru ral 


des tine 


far ther 


churl ish 


murmur 


tru ant 


en gine 


ur gent 


turnip 


sur plus 


ru mor 


doc trine 


bur gess 


fur bish 


hurt ful 


rude ly 


cor nice 


sur 1 j 


tur bid 
5. 
cal low 


tur ban 


pru dent 


bor row 


ar row 


shad ow 


cir cle 


mor row 


bar row 


fal low 


wid ow 


stir rup 


sor row 


far row 


hal low 


el bow 


ci'r cus 


fol low 


bel low 


har row 


shal low 


firkin 


hoi low 


billow 


nar row 


spar row 


vir gin 


sor rows. 


min now 


jar row 


wil low 


skir mish 



76 



Spelling and Beading. 









boiler 


glov'er 


1. 

wor'ry 


pau'peB* 


pon'tiff 


toil et 


cov ert 


month ly 


sau cer 


mid riff 


join er 


won der 


spon gy 


gaudy 


dan druff 


point er 


gov ern 


come ly 


sau cy 


tar iff 


oint ment 


wont ed 


love ly 


sau sage 


sher iff 


loi ter 


slov en 


pom mel 

2. 

o 


au tumn 


dis taff 


& 


ti 


5 




worn an 


good ness 


quar rel 


watch er 


mon day 


worst ed 


wool ly 


quar ry 


wash er 


com pass 


wolf ish 


foot ing 


quan turn 

3. 
ea gle 


wasp ish 


com bat 


d'ir ty 


bee tie 


peo pie 


some thhij 


thir ty 


fee ble 


bea gle 


bau ble 


noth ing 


squir rel 


nee die 


bea die 


cau die 


monk ish 



Evening Hymn. 

1. 

I owe to thee, great God above, 

Each good this day I 've known, 
And come to thank thee for the love 

That thou to me hast shown. 
2. 
I '11 seek each day to learn thy word, 

And try to do thy will ; . 
And then I know that thou, Lord, 

Wilt love and bless me still. 
3. 
To thee my God for strength I pray, 

In thy good ways to live ; 
And all I 've done that 's wrong this day, 

Forgive, Lord, forgive. 



Reading. 77 

The Good Boy. 

1. A little boy, about seven years old, was on a visit 
to a lady who was very fond of him. 

2. One morning at break'fast, there was some hot 
bread upon the table. It was handed to him, but he 
would not take it. 

3. "Do you not like hot bread ? " said the lady. 
" Yes," said he, "I like it very much." "Then, my 
dear, why do you not take some ? " " Because," said 
the little boy, u my father does not wish me to eat hot 
bread, and he would not like it, if I should." 

4. " But your father is a good way off," said the lady, 
" and will not know whether you eat it or not. You may 
take it for once, there will be no harm hi that. 

5. " No," said the boy, " I must not eat it. I must 
do as my father and mother told me to do, if they are a 
great way off. I would not touch it, if I were sure that 
no one would see me ; I should know it myself, and that 
would be enough." 

God. 

Who gave the sun its warmth and light ? 
Who made the moon that shines so bright, 
And all the stars that glow at night ? 

God! 
Who gave us life and all we prize * 
Who shields us when we close our eyes 1 
Who guards us when at morn we rise ? 

God! 
Who sends sweet sleep unto my bed ? 
By whom are all the wild birds' fed % 
Who gives to me each day my bread ? 

God! 
Who knows each thing that night or day, 
I dream or think, or do or say ? 
Who hears me when I kneel to pray ? 

God! 
7* 



78 



Words of Two Syllables. 



ad vance' 


con trast' 


1. 

abaft' 


re gard' 


pa pa' 


en hance 


com mand 


a vast 


re tard 


mam ma 


ro mance 


de mand 


a slant 


re mark 


be calm 


re east 


gal lant 


in graft 


de part 


be half 


en grasp 


sur pass 


en chant 


im part 


em balm 


re past 


re pass 


un clasp 

2. 
per form 


dis card 


guit ar 


de bar 


en large 


ac cord 


a ver 


un bar 


dis charge 


con form 


ab sorb 


a vert 


ci gar 


em bark 


trans form 


ex tort 


in vert 


a larm 


dis bark 


for lorn 


re tort 


di vert 


un arm 


a part 


sub orn 


-re sort 


re vert 


dis arm 


ca tarrh 


a dorn 

3, 
a verse 


ab hor 


sub vert 


con vert 


con cern 


im merse 


in fer 


per vert 


con cert 


in verse 


as perse 


in ter 


ex pert 


su perb 


re verse 


dis perse 


de ter 


as sert 


e merge 


con verse 


ob serve 


de fer 


in ert 


di verge 


per verse 


de serve 


con fer 


de sert 


con verge 


trans verse 

4. 
de claim 


re serve 


co erce 


im mense 


ac claim' 


pro claim' 


con ceal' 


ex pense 


ex claim 


re claim 


dis claim 


an neal 


dis pense 


com plain 


re frain 


re gain 


mis lead 


sus pense 


ex plain 


ac quaint 


per tain 


im peach 


con dense 


ab stain 


com plaint 


do main 


ar rear 


re sponse 


con strain 


con straint 

5. 
de cease 


a fraid 


en treat 


be smear 


re treat 


ap pease 


ac crtie 


con ceal 


be speak 


re lease 


dis please 


im brue 


un clean 


be queatn 


de crease 


dis ease 


de trude 


bo hea 


be neatn 


in crease 


be reave 


in trade 



de cuys de lays d}3 play§ sub dues, pur sue§ 



Words of Two Syllables. 



79 



be lief 
re lief 
be lieve 
re lieve 
a chieve 
a piece 

cm sade 
bro cade 
gren ade 
brig ade 
cas cade 
block ade 

eh croach 
ap proach 
re proach 
a float 
a board 

con ceit' 
de ceit 
re cei£>t 
re ceive 
per ceive 

ap prQve 

dis prove 
mi prove 
re prove 

a 

o beys, 
sur veys 



re pneve' 
re trieve 
ag grieve, 
be siege 
fron tier 
cash ier 

de fence 
of fence 
pre tence 
com mence 
fi nance 
con vince 

e lect 
e rect . 
re quest 
be quest 
e quip 

de ceive' 
con ceive 
dis seize 
re view 
a dieu 

6 blige 
ob lique 
o paque 
pro rogue 

o beyed 
sur veyed 



1. 
e volve' 

re volve 
de volve 
in volve 
re solve 
di§ §olve 

2. 
di rect 
di vest 
di gress 
dis tress 
dis sect 
dis tract 

3. 
a bridge 
ad judge 
mis judge 
pre judge 
di§ lodge 

4. 
di§ miss' 
di§ cuss 
cli§ gust 
di§ band 
po§ §ess 

5. 
re §ent 
re sist 
re §ult 
a dult 

6. 
de layed 
de cayed 



a venge 
re venge 
in fringe 
ex punge 
im pinge 
un hino;e 



as cend' 
de scend 
de scent 
ab scind 
ab scond 
de spond 

gran tee 
gen teel 
mis deed 
com peer 
dis creet 



de gree 

de cree 

set tee 

trus tee 

gran dee nan keen 

ac quire de sire 

in quire re §ide 

re quire re §ume 

es quire pre §ume 

re quite re §ign 



ac cede' 
con cede 
pre cede 
re cede 
se cede 



fa tiffue 

» o 

iii trigue 
ma rine 
ma ^hine 
ca price 

con vulse 
re pulse 



o bey 

con vey 

sur vey in-dulge 

pur vey di vulge 

ac crued in dulged 

im brued cli vulged 



80 Reading. 

The Shark. 

1. The large whale and the fierce shark both live m the 
sea. From the w9ale we get the oil, which we burn in 
our lamps to give us light. The shark has a large mouth 
and sharp teeth ; so large and sharp that he is able to bite. 
off a man's legs. 

2. I will tell jou a story I have heard of one of these 
sharks. There was once a ship, sail-ing to a land a long 
way off. I think it was going to China for tea and other 
things, which do not grow in our land. 

3. In this" ship there was a little girl, as young and 
small as you. She went one day to play on the deck, and 
did not take proper care, but ran too near the side of the 
vessel, and fell into the sea. 

4. Now as she did not know how to swim, she could not 
get out of the water, and must soon have drowned, if a 
kind man had not seen her, and jumped into the sea, and 
caught hold of her. 

5. A rope was thrown to draw them out, w T hen a great 
shark, that was near, swam close up to them, and was just 
going to seize them ; but the man's son saw it, and though 
he was but a small boy, yet he could swim well ; so he 
took a sword in his hand, and sprang into the sea. 

6. The boy cut the shark two or three times with the 
sword, whilst they took the man and little girl on board 
the ship. They then threw a rope for the boy to take 
hold of too ; he caught it, and was just drawn out of the 
sea, when the fierce shark, who could not bear to lose his 
prey, sprang up, and bit the poor boy's legs both off and 
ate them up. 

7. The boy did not live long, yet he was glad that 
his father and the little girl were not hurt. He thanked 
God that he had been able to save their lives, though he 
must suffer so much pain, and lose his own life. And as 
he was a good boy, we may hope that Grod took him to 



Reading and Spelling. 



81 



that world, where the good are always happy, and never 
die any more. 

The Bible. 

1. Good boys and girls love to read the Bible. It is 
the best of all books. God himself commanded good men 
to write it. 

2. In the Bible, we read of all the great and good 
tilings God has done for us, and for all people. There 
we lea#n how just, and wise, and good he is, and what we 
must do to serve and please him. 

3. There too we read of Christ, who was. so good, and 
who has done so much for us. He never did harm to any 
body. He never did any thing that was wrong. He was 
gentle and kind to all, even to those who were unkind to 
him ; and when wicked men were just going to put him to 
death, he prayed to God to forgive them. 

4. When we have read or heard about Christ, and who 
he was, and what great things he has done for us, who are 
sinners, we must love him, and be thank-ful to him, and 
try to be like him. 

i. 

ci'pher purpose 
mi-§er . " tur-bot 

2. 
meth'od b6'§om 
eph-od mov-ing 
bish-op mov-er 
her-on lo§-er 

3. 
sci-ence m-quest 
cre-dence gen- tile 

4. 
diphthong mm-ute 
tripA-thong let-tuce 



eVtry 
gen-try 

bel'fry 
sen-try 
sul-try 
pan-try 

ves'try 
drop-sy 

has'ty 
siir-ly 



plSn'ty 
fren-zy 

zeph-yr 
ber-yl 
sib-yl 
mar-tyr 

res-pite 
gran-ite 

knight-hood 
false-hood 



haVoc 
traf-fic 



coop-er 
cool-er 
gloom-y 
fool-ish 

shep-Aerd 
south-ern 

child-hood 
man-hood 



82 



Words of Tivo Syllables. 



alley 

gal ley 
val ley 
nied ley 
kid ney 
mot ley 

car nal 

gar land 
car nage 
car cass 
ar dent 
gar ment 

cram ble 
gram ble 
scuf fle 
scut tie 
thim ble 
dwin die 

eat er 
lead er 
deal er 
hear er 
glean er 
reap er 

ready 
heav y 
stead y 
health y 
wealth y 
earth y 



hack'ney 
lack ey 
jock ey 
chim ney 
vol ley 
pul ley 

parch ment 
char£ er 
far thing 
par tridge 
car tridge 
por ridge 

daz zle 
puz zle 
driz zle 
muz zle 
grid die 
scrib ble 

pay er 
play er 
lay er 
pay ment 
pray ing 
play thing 

sleep er 
sweep er 
free dom 
free ly 
meek ly 
need y 



1. 

bar'ley 
par ley 
pars ley 
tiir key 
ker §ey 
jer sey 

2. 
arch er 
card er 
harp er 
sharp er 
cart er 
gar ter 

3. 
swm die 
shuf fle 
strag gle 
stum ble 
spin die 
strug gle 

4. 
dai ry 
dai §j 
dain ty 
sail or 
trai tor 
tai lor 

5. 
gain er 
jail er 
train er 
paint er 
wait er 
nail er 



par'ent 
dar er 
dar ing 
par ing 
flar ing 
war y 

nour ish 
flour ish 
jour nal 
jour ney 
coup let 
coun try 

star tie 
spar kle 
mar ble 
gar gle 
cur die 
myr tie 

bear er 
swear er 
wear er 
bear ing 
wear ing 
bear ish 

shoul der 
cours er 
mould er 
mourn er 
poul try 
poul tice 



sa'bre 
me tre 
mi tre 
ni tre 
fi bre 
li vre 

cen tre 
lus*tre 
seep tre 
spec tre 
bram ble 
trem ble 

trSb le 
trip le 
am pie 
coup le 
doub le 
troub le 

5 
wad die 
wab ble 
squab ble 
swad die 
wat tie 
war ble 

can vass 
cut lass 
mat rass 
wind lass 
har ass 
dam ask 



Words of Two Syllables. 



83 



li'ken 


bra/zen 


sad'den 


giVen 


rea son 


ra ven 


token 


fresh en 


sev en 


sea son 


ha ven 


spo ken 


kit ten 


vix en 


trea son 


la den 


gra ven 


rot ten 


wax en 


dea con 


fro zen 


old en 


hap pen 


ris en 


bea con 


sto len 


molt en 


red den 
2. 
light en 


chos en 


pris on 


eat en 


heav en 


par don 


ca pon 


beat en 


lead en 


tight en 


par son 


ba con 


cheap en 


dead en 


fright en 


ar son 


ma son 


weak en 


threat en 


deep en 


per son 


ba sin 


wheat en 


weap on 


sweet en 


poi son 


rai sin 


heath en 


earth en 


beech en 
3. 

frac'tion 


vem son 


coiis in 


n a' tion 


ac'tion 


auc'tion 


dun £eon 


ra tion 


fac tion 


fric tion 


cau tion 


blud £eon 


sta tion 


sec tion 


cap tious 


cau tious 


gud ^eon 


mo tion 


men tion 


fac tious 


ntip tial 


pi^ eon 


no tion 


die tion 


frac tious 


par tial 


siir ^eon 


por tion 


fie tion 


fie tious 


mar tial 


stur ^eon 




y 


7 4 - 


y 


gw 


man sion 


capt ure 


st&t ure 


vu.lt ure 


an guish 


pas sion 


rapt ure 


rupt ure 


cult ure 


Ian guish 


pen sion 


lect ure 


punc ture 


vent ure 


Ian guid 


ten sion 


vest ure 


text ure 


strict ure 


pen guin 


mis sion 


pict ure 


tinct ure 


script ure 


Ian guage 


ver sion 


mixt ure 


gest ure 


sculpt ure 


ro guish. 


y 


y 


y 5- 


y 




post ure 


feat ure 


stat ue 


sav ior 


faith fill 


cinct ure 


ere at ure 


val ue 


sen ior 


pain ful 


junet ure 


nat ure 


v'irt ue 


jun ior 


gain ful 


struct ur€ 


) fut ure 


fort une 


cloth ier 


ei ther 


tort ure 


sut ure 


moist ure 


viz ier 


nei ther 


niirt ure 


past ure 


joint ure 


coll ier 


ceil ing- 



84 Spelling and Reading. 

Frank. 



graVel 


be tween' 


gar'den er 


trav el 


be seech 


car pen ter 


shek el 


a greed 


har vest er 


grov el 


ca reer 


har bin ger 



1. One day, Frank went out to walk with his mother; 
and he came to a gate that was painted green ; and he 
stopped at the gate, and looked between the rails of it ; 
and he saw a pretty garden, with a great many beds of 
flowers in it. 

2. There were nice clean gravel walks between these 
flower beds, and all around the garden. And against the 
walls of the garden, there were plum trees and cherry 
trees ; and the cherries and plums looked as if they were 
ripe. 

3. And Frank called to his mother, who was a little 
way off; and he said, "Mamma, come and look at this 
pretty garden. I wish I might open this gate, and go in, 
and walk in it." 

4. "My dear," said his mother, "you must not open 
the gate. This garden does not belong to me ; and I 
cannot give you leave to walk in it." 

5. There was a man, nail-ing up a net over a cherry 
tree, in this garden ; and he came to the gate, and opened 
it, and said, " Will you walk in ? This garden belongs to 
me, and I will give you leave to walk in it." 

6. Frank's mother thanked the man, and she turned to 
Frank and said, " If I take you with me, Frank, to walk in 
this garden, you must take care not to meddle with any 
thing in it." And Frank said that he would not meddle with 
any thing in the garden ; and his mother took him into it. 

7. Frank did not touch any thing, nor tread upon any 
of the borders ; and the person to whom the garden be- 
longed, who was a gardener, said to his mother, " I hope, 



Reading and Spelling. 



85 



when you come this way again, you will walk in this gar- 
den of mine, and bring this little gentle-man with you ; for 
I am sure, by what I see of him now, that he will not do 
me any mis'chief." — Edge worth. 





Words 


of Two Syllables. 




fra'grant 


cha/os 


1. 

ca/clence 


tu'mult 


ran'ges 


fra grance 


cho ral 


si lence 


e diet 


chan ges 


fia grant 


isl and 


si lent 


A pril 


pan ses 


pha lanx 


ju lap 


flu ent 


ze nith 


clau ses 


bri dal 


us age 


fre quent 


cam brie 


ditch es 


e qual 


post age 


li cense 

9 


fio rist 


stitch es 


hy men 


syl van 


lyr ic 


syn od 


pii ces 


cy press 


tym pan 


mys tic 


sym bol 


gra ces 


hy phen 


tym bal 


typ ic 


symp torn 


pie ces 


ty rant 


crys tal 


cyn ic 


hys §op 


nie ces 


hy drant 


cyg net 


styp tic 


gypsy 


siir ges 


hyson 


syn tax 


syr inge 

3. 
pres ence 


sys tern 


bar ges 


drag on 


en trance 


sen ate 


edg es 


flag on 


in stance 


sen tence 


pal ate 


hedg es 


spig ot 


dis tance 


es sence 


frig ate 


teach es 


fath om 


pen ance 


ab sence . 


prel ate 


preach e§ 


scaf fold 


sub stance 


prov ince 

4. 
vTs it 


col lege 


pleas es 


prom ise 


venge ance 


pi ous 


noi ses 


an ise 


ped ant 


mus, lin 


'ni trous 


voi ces 


fran chise 


ten ant 


ros, in 


fa mous 


jui ces 


ves tige 


di§ mal 


go§ ling 


po rous 


prin ces 


mor tise 


hus, band 
8 


wi§ dom 


spi nous 


frin ges 



&$ Heading. 

The Careless Girl. 

1. A little girl, whose mother was so kind as to teach 
her to read, had a great many pretty books given to her ; 
but she did not take care of them ; but used to tear and 
dirty them, so that they could not be read. 

2. One day her aunt gave her a new book, full of read- 
ing and pretty pictures. Her aunt desired her to take 
care of it, and not let it be either dirty or torn. The little 
girl said she would be sure and keep it very safe. 

3. But she forgot to put it into her box, after she had 
been reading it ; and so it was tossed about, and some of 
the leaves were pulled out, and the cover broken off ; and 
at last a little dog played with it, and gnawed it to pieces. 

4. Then the little girl could not read in it any more, 
nor see the pretty pictures again. She was now sadly 
vexed that she had been so careless, and wished for a new 
book, and her father was so kind as to buy her one. 

5. But she soon let that be spoiled, as the last had been. 
All her friends grew tired of giving her books, when they 
saw that she took no care of them ; so at last she had no 
book to read in. 

6. What a sad thing it was to have no book to read ! I 
hope all the little boys and girls, who hear about this silly 
child, will think of her, and take care not to let their own 
books be so torn and spoiled as hers were ; but, when they 
have done reading, put them away in some safe place. 



col'ter bol'ster saun'ter bys'ter gross'ness 



bal 166V re preW bas s66n' a 10of be tide' 
buf foon dis proof rac coon fes toon be times 



Words of Two Syllables. 



87 



sh 

pa'tience 
pa tient 
quo tient 

be ware' 
com pare 
pre pare 
de clare 
in snare 

pro ISng 
be yond 
at tack 
tin lock 

re new 
be dew 
es chew 

sh 
as sure 
en sure 

e lapse 
re lapse 
e clipse 
el lipse 

be head 
in stead 

a 
neighbor 
eight y 
weight y 
weigh er 



con'science 
con scious 
tran sient 

sur tout' 
con tour 
car touch 
ag group 
a mour 

at tach 
de tach 
in trench 
re trench 

be low 
be stow 
dis own 

de spiitch 
be witch 

ap plaud 
de fraud 
as sault 
de fault 



ap praise 
dis praise 

gufi'ty 
build er 
build ing 
guin ea 



zh 1. 

pleasure 
treas ure 
mea§ ure 

2. 
a muse' 
ac cuse 
re fuse 
con fuse 
suf fuse 

3. 
af firm 
con firm 
in firm 
un gird 

4. 
ga zette 
co qwette 
fi nesse 

5. 
re crtlit 
pur suit 

6. 
a bove 
a mong 
a mongst 
af front 

7. 
de vout 
de vour 



tough'en 
rough en 
tough ness 
rough ness 



pre cious 
spe cial 

af fair' 
des pair 
im pair 
re pair 
un fair 



fla'ky 
sla ty 
spiny 

I'dler 
tri fler 
gam bier 
ram bier 
med dler 

bap tize nam 'ing 

cap size gam ing 

as size f Tl ing 

ap prize fum ing 

bur lesque iirg'ing 
gro tesque rul ing 
ha rangue bath ing 

re course jui'cy 
dis course flee cy 



enjoy 
em ploy 
al loy 
an noy 

de coy 
de stroy 

jeal'ous 
zeal ous 
griev ous 
thiev ish 



racing 
wa& ing 
pafing 
gd£ing 

aw ful 

past ry 

kin'dlest 
hum blest 
daz zlest 
trotib lest 



88 



Words of Two Syllables. 



cSn'qMer 


con'quest 


os'trich 


Aon'or 


robbed 


prompt er 


con gress 


off spring 


can dor 


rubbed 


buck ler 


prog ress 


nos tril 


sculp tor 


caged 


huck ster 


fond ness 


ten dril 


eck 


pledged 


snuf fers 


con test 


con script ep och 


rioted 


pin cers 


con rent 


con flict 

2. sh 
cen sure 


scis sors 


sagged 


em pire 


del iige 


vol ume 


called 


bon fire 


prel ude 


ten sure 


fig lire 


walled 


e^ ile 


refuge 


ton sure 


ten ure 


dimmed 


pen knife 


ref use 


fis sure 


fail ure 


tanned 


um pire 


sched ule 


pres sure 


verd ure 


tuned 


vag 9m e 


prod uce 


tis"sue 

3. 
£9 id 


grand eur 


earned 


rT£ id 


frig id 


dow er 


tarred 


vig il 


log ic 


pla9 id 


tow el 


stirred 


digit 


a£ ile 


ta9 it 


trow el 


caned 


sig il 


"fra£ ile 


fa 9 ile 


bow els 


roved 


mag ic 


leg er 


do9 ile 


prow ess 


gazed 


trag ic 


pa£ eant 


pro9 ess 

^ 4. 
pul pit 


pow der 


prized 


daugh ter 


f ST ble 


cow ard 


breathed 


slaugh ter 


join er 


pud ding 


dow las 


sheathed 


haugh ty 


coin er 


bid lock 


down ward 


wronged 


naugh ty 


coin age 


bul wark 


down y 


hanged 


fan cet 


oily 


ful ness 


drow sy 


warmed 


au dit 


noi sy 


cuck 66 

5. 
scrtl pie 


town ship 


harmed 


cau cus 


pre ner 


lunch eon 


bowed 


tau rus 


pru dence 


pru dish 


punch eon 


awed 


fault y 


rude ness 


rhu barb 

6. 
re paired' 


trungh eon 


used 


bap tized' 


at taclied' 


af firmed 7 


fined 


ap prized 


de taclied 


ini paired 


con firmed 


pined 



. Words of Two Syllables. 



89 







1. 




t 


d5g'ged 


bog'gy 


gfmlet 


drug' gist 


laced 


crag ged 


fog gy 


gig let 


slug gish 


placed 


stag ger 


crag gy 


gild er 


wag gish 


chafed 


swag ger 


jag gy 


gift ed 


pig gin 


scoffed 


rag ged 


scrag gy 


gild ing 


nog gin 


dressed 


rug ged 


bug gy 


gid dy 
2. 
min gle 


leg gin 


pressed 


gig'gle 


angle 


an gler 


helped 


gir die 


fan gle 


tin gle 


bun gler 


locked 


inea gre 


tan gle 


span gle 


mon ger 


rocked 


ea ger 


dan gle 


man gle 


mon grel 


sacked 


gTz zard 


dingle 


wran gle 


yomi ger 


sipped 


ging ham 


jin gle 


shin gle 
3. 
bank rupt 


youn gest 


tripped 


cran kle 


blank et 


van quish 


pinched 


crin kle 


trink et 


tran quil 


twink ling 


fetched 


wrin kle 


bank er 


instinct 


cank er 


sketched 


tin kle 


tink er 


frank ly 


rank ness 


mixed 


sprin kle 


drunk ard 


frank lin 


con ger 


taxed 


twin kle 


tank ard 


an chor 
bill ion 


singly 


fixed 


law yer 


scoun drel 


y 

bann ian 


shipped 


saw yer 


sound ness 


pill ion 


brill iant 


whipped 


draw er 


sour ness 


mill ion 


ruffian 


dirked 


tawny- 


trou sers 


trill ion 


val iant 


chirped 


taw dry 


sound ly 


cull ion 


gall iard 


warped 


awk ward 


thou sand 


scull ion 
- j 5. 
mm ion 


Ind ian 


worked 


doubt ful 


moun tain 


filial 


tasked 


doubt less 


foun tarn 


pinion 


pon iard 


masked 


dough ty 


found ling 


onion 


bill iards 


rasped 


tell er 


willing 


press ing 


scoffing 


dropped 


tiller 


tell ing 


hiss ing 


offspring 


stopped 


spell er 


yelling 


toss ing 


puffing 


flapped 



90 Spelling and Reading.. 





The Blind Girl. 




dai ly 


stoek'ing§ 
knowl edge 


1. 

blmd'ness 
kind ness 


help'l ess 
sleep less 


kmt'ting 
sing ina; 


t. 
finished , 
van ished 


2. 

great'er 
great est 


cheer'ful 
useful • 



1. Nothing useful can be done without a good will 
towards it ; and the reason why little Anna did not learn 
to read and work. well, was because she wanted a good 
will ; that is, she had no real desire to learn. 

2. She always thought her lessons were too hard ; and, 
instead of trying to learn, she used to cry, and say, 
indeed, she could not do it. She wished to read pretty 
stories to. divert her ; but she wanted to know how' to read 
all at once, and could not bear the trouble of learning by 
degrees, — first to spell short words, and then proceed to 
longer ones. 

3. One day, Anna had leave given her to take a walk 
with Mary. While they were out, a heavy shower of rain 
fell, and they ran to take shelter in a cottage which stood 
at a short distance from the road. There they saw a blind 
girl, ten or twelve years old, who was knitting a stocking, 
and singing gayly at her work. 

4. Anna looked at her with surprise, and asked her if 
she had learned to knit before she was blind ; and the girl 
made answer, that she had been, born blind. Anna's 
wonder was now greater than before ; and, after some 
pause, she .said, — "I cannot think how" you could ever 
learn to knit, for it must have given you a great deal of 
pain and trouble." 



Reading. 91 

5. " It did at first," said the blind girl ; " but I tried 
to learn with a good will, and the trouble was soon over. 
When I was about seven years of age, a woman, who lives 
in the next house, said to me one day,-—' Though you 
are blind, that is no reason why you should be quite help- 
less. If you are willing, little girl, I think I can teach 
you to knit stockings for your father to wear ; but then you 
must premise not to be afraid of the trouble of learning, 
for you will not find it to be quite easy at first.' 

6. " Well, I assure you I was very glad to take this 
offer ; as it sometimes made me sad to think, that, while 
my sister was helping my father and mother, I could do 
nothing useful for any of them ; so I got the knitting- 
needles, and went to work. 

7. " For a long time I learned very slow, and I often 
thought I never should be able to knit ; but I was told to 
go on with a good will, and at last I finished a pair of 
garters. I next began to knit stockings, and now I find 
it no trouble to knit all day ; and people like to buy stock- 
ings that are the work of a poor blind girl." 

8. When Anna heard all this, she felt how very wrong 
her conduct must be. She thought if a blind child could 
learn to knit, how much more easy it was for her, who had 
her eye-sight, to learn to read and work. 

9. The next day, she went to her tasks with a good 
will. Her tasks had never seemed so easy as now ; and 
she learned more in one day, than she' had often done 
before in a whole week. . 



Gratitude to Teachers. 

I ought to remember the kindness of those 

Who teach me at school with such trouble and pains : 

'Tis better than giving me money or clothes ; 
For, when they are gone, yet my learning remains. 



92 



Words of Two Syllables. 



ague 
argue 

liq uid 
liq wor 
us 

bel lows 
gal lows 
sh 

sug ar 
su mach 
siire ly 
sure ty 



bor ough 
thor oagh 
fur lough 



region 
le £ion 

neu ter 
neu tral 

urn 
iron 



hith er 
whith er 
neth er 
wheth er 

con duit 
bis cuit 
c'ir cuit 



1. 

fashion 
cush ion 

2. 

hog§ head 
fore head 

3. 

we a §e\ 
tea §el 

4. 
cap tain 
chap lain 
vil lain 
cer tain 

5. 
verjuice 
non suit 
law suit 



leop'ard 
jeop ard 

car ria^e 



ev^l • 
wee vil 

bar gain 
cur tain 
purs lain 
mur rain 



Em 
Em 



land 
lish 



worn en 



siir feit 
for feit 
for eign 
mul lein 



gra cious 
spa cious 
spe cious 
lus cious 



com ma 
manna 
sen na 
stig ma 



plain tiff 
bailiff' 
caitiff 
rai ment 



sor rel 

for est 



ledg er 



lodg er 
hedg er 
cudg el 
budg et 
judg ment 



wor ship 
wor thy 

pom pous 
lep rous 
cal lous 
mon strous 
gib bous 
ner vous 



grateful fifthly 



acorn 
stub born 
8. 

trea cle 
mea §les 
greasy 
trea ty 
treat ment 
trea tise 
9., 
slav ish 



twen ty 
empty 

humor 
phy§ ic 
isth mus 
debt or 
Aon est 
sol emn 

dusky 



Words of Two Syllables. 



93 



zh 


,zh 


1. 




bra'sier 


a'zure 


sanc'tion 


em'press 


osier 


ra zure 


unc tion 


prin cess 


ho sier 


seizure 


func tion 
2. 
hatch et 


mis tress 


J 
al'ien 


priestess 


ab bess 


sold ier 


briefly 


crotch et 


ac tress 


court ier 


chiefly 


satchel 


duch ess 




y 


3. y 


7 


an them 


mixt ion 


anx ious 


christ ian 


pamph let 


bast ion 


bil ious 


fust ian 


cem ent 


quest ion 


nox ious 


cord ial 




sh 


4. 


y 


beau ty 


nau seous 


so cial 
5. 
clo sure 


ax iom 


char coal 


u 

smew 


lo cust 


cocoa 


mil dew 


lei sure 
6. 
friend less 


tri umph 


seven night 


break fast 


tan sy 


fort night 


breath less 


friend ly 


quinsy 




sh 


7. 




heif er 


an cient 


stom ach 
8. z h 


pro noun 


schdcm er 


fusion 


gla zier 


tow ard 


booty 


vi§ ion 


gra zier 
9. 
tor ment 


fro ward 


ec logue 


jaun dice 


piir chase 


prol ogue 


ermine 


tor toise 
10. 


ord nance 


sun day 


si phon 


perjure 


mon argh 


tues day 


phenix 


conjure 


te trar£h 


wecfaes day 


ensign 


-.oak um 


stew ard 


thiirs day 


panther 


ear nest - 


jewel 


fii day 


stan za 


c5m merce 


tew el 



94 



Words of Two Syllables. 



a round' 


con found' 


1. 

pro nounce' 


im pound' 


a bound 


ex pound 


re nounce 


as tound 


about 


pro pound 


de nounce 


dis mount 


aloud 


re dound 


an nounce 


mis count 


a ground 


sur round 


sur mount 


un bound 


a vouch 


re sound 


re doubt 
2. 
me moir 


unsound 


a nomt 


adjoin 


har poSn 


ap point 


enjoin 


re coil 


mon soon 


a droit 


disjoin 


ex ploit 


shal loon 


avoid 


subjoin 


accoil 


car toon 


de void 


pur loin 


em broil 


lam poon 


de spoil 


tur moil 


rejoice 
3. a 
be took 


sa loon 


bamb65 


be hddve 


can6e 


halloo 


ca boose 


mis took 


ra gou£ 


tat too 


pap poose 


afoot 
4. 
at tempt 


en tomb 


doub 166n 


ap plau§e 


for get 


pol troon 


de bauch 


con tempt 


for give 


pon toon 


ex haust 


ex empt 
5. 

dis tinct 


mis give 


e 
main tain 


al ISge 


z 
dis. cern 


tin chain 


ravine 


extinct 
6. 
en gage 


suffice 


exist 


ex hort 


a 

in veigh 


exult 


dis tort 


en rage 


9hi cane 


exalt 


re frgsh 


indite 


po lice 


in thrall 


re fleet 


immure 


qua drille 


exert 


bre vet 


tin clo§e 


pa,9ha 


exile 


con denin 


un clothe 
7. 
es cort 


9ha grin 


be hgst 


in stilled 


va lise 


be deck 


dis tilled 


9ha rade 


an tique 



Reading. 95 

The G-ood Little Girl. 

1. Here comes a good little girl, who likes to say a 
lesson. She likes to learn to read ; and I am glad she 
does, for they are very stupid people who are not fond of 
reading. People learn a great deal from books, that they 
could never know in any other way. 

2. Many people are forced to stay at home all their 
lives, and are never able to travel at all. But if they can 
read, they have it in their power to know all the wonders 
which those have seen who have been in foreign countries ; 
and they can both amuse themselves and other people by 
reading about them. 

3. Do you wish to know when you shall be able to read 
large books ? I hope by the time you are a year or two 
older, you will be able to read almost any book that 
you see. 

4. How long is a year ? you say. It is twelve months. 
You know how much a week is : you have learned the 
names of the seven days that are in a week — Sunday, 
Monday,. Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, and 
Saturday. Four of these weeks make a month, and twelve 
months a year. 

5. Besides being di-vi-cled into twelve months, every 
year is di-vi-ded into four quarters, called — Spring, 
Summer, Autumn, and Winter. 

6. Summer is a very pleasant season of the year. 
There is a great deal of ripe fruit at that time. The 
flowers too are all in their greatest beauty, and make our 
gardens so gay, that we look at them with delight. 

Mrs. Hughs. 

al'ley§ puTley§ me'tres bram'ble^ 

val leys tiir keys fi bres trem bles 

chim neys jock eys spec tre§ mus cles 



96 Words of Three Syllables. 





1. 




sla'ver y 


f I'ner y 


a/gen cy 


bra ver y 


fi er y 


de cen cy 


dra per y 


po et ry 


co gen cy 


bri ber y 


po per y 


re gen cy 


gro cer y 


so ber ly 


flu en cy 


for ger y 


kna ver y 
2. 
de i fy 


re cent ly 


de i ty- 


pa pa cy 


la i ty 


pu ri fy 


pi ra cy 


pu ri ty 


no ti fy 


lu na cy 


nu di ty 


glorify 


no ta ry 


mu ti ny 


stu pi fy 


ro ta ry 


u ni ty 


cm ci fy 
3. 


vo ta ry 


prT va cy 


ma gi an 


ra di ate 


pri ma ry 


la bi al 


va ri ate 


pri ma cy 


me ni al 


de vi ate 


li bra ry 


ge ni al 


me di ate 


di a ry 


ve ni al 


mu ti late 


ro sa ry 


jo vi al 

4, 


fu mi gate 


o di um 


I vo ry 


va can cy 


o pi um 


i ro ny 


va gran cy 


me di um 


pi o ny 


fra gran cy 


pre mi um 


the o ry 


hu man ly 


scho li um 


no bod y 


pli an cy 


ra di us 


va por y 
5. 

eVer y 


gi ant ly 


en'e my 


roVber y 


el e gy 


em er y 


lot ter y 


rem e dy 


rev er y 


bat ter y 


her e sy 


liv er y 


gal ler y 


ar te ry 


fish er y 


but ter y 


or re ry 


crock er y 


nun ner y 



Words of Three Syllables. 



97 



fam'i ly 


pol'i cy 


bap pi ly 


van i ty 


pol i ty 


mer ri ly 


cav i ty 


horn i ly 


tes ti ly 


am i ty 


gravity 


gid di ly 


par i ty 


chast i ty 


ver i ly 


len i ty 


prod i gy 

2. 
grat i f y 


bod i ly 


mod i f y 


mul ti ply 


ed i fy 


scar i fy 


pet ri fy 


ver i fy 


clar i fy 


am pli fy 


vil i fy 


sat is fy 


mol li fy 


rat i fy 


oc cu py 


vit ri fy 


viv i fy 


but ter fly 
3. 
mag ni fled 


sane ti fy 


mag ni f y 


mul ti tiide 


dig ni fy 


dig ni fied 


rec ti tude 


tes ti fy 


tes ti fied 


mag ni tude 


jus ti fy 


sig ni fy 


al ti tude 


rec ti fy 


sim pli fy 


at ti tude 


ter ri fy 


mor ti fy 

4. 
in do lent 


am pli tude 


grat i tude 


Ion gi tude 


plen i tude 


in no cent 


lat i tude 


rid i cule 


im po tent 


sol i tude 


ep i cure 


im pu dent 


las si tude 


ep i sode 


es cu lent 


ap ti tude 


dis so lute 


teg u ment 
5. 
pu. tre fy 


ser vi tude 


cer ti f y 


des ti tute 


ver si fy 


rar e fy 


sub sti tute 


for ti fy 


proph e sy 


pros ti tute 


pa tri ot 


pu ri tan 


vi o let 


pe ri od 


ma ni &c 


vi o lent 


char i tffc 


zo di ac 


vi o lends 



93 



Spelling and Beading. 








1. 




ag'o ny 


his'to ry 


f Sl'on y 


can o py 


vie to ry 


bar on y 


mel o dy 


fac to ry 


eb on y 


mem o ry 


pil lo ry 


big ot ry 


bet o ny 


glut to ny 


sim on y 


mon o dy 


cus to dy 

2. 
diffident 


pan o ply 


ev i dent 


m di gent 


div i dend 


ac ci dent 


neg li gent 


al i ment 


det ri ment 


am bi ent 


lin i ment 


sen ti ment 


ped i ment 


em i nent 


mer ri ment 


sed i ment 


pen i tent 


ab sti nent 

3. 

ar ro gant 


dil i gent 


tes ta ment 


SI e pliant 


sac ra ment 


ar ro gance 


el e gant 


lig a ment 


con so nant 


tol er ant 


fil a ment 


con so nance 


it er ant 


prev a lent 


dis so hant 


prot es tant 


fun da ment 


dis so nance 

4. 
cu. ri ous 


mis ere ant 


dif fer ent 


syl la ble 


rev er end 


glo ri ous 


myr i ad 


rev er ent 


fu ri ous 


typ i cal 



Ripe Cherries. 

1. A few days after Frank bad been with his mother 
to walk in the garden that had the green gate, his mo- 
ther said to him, — " Frank, put on your hat, and- come 
with me. I am going to the garden in which we walked 
two or three days ago." 

2. Frank was very glad to hear this. He put on his 
hat in an instant, and followed his mother — jumping and 
singing as he went along. 



Reading and Spelling. 99 

3. When they came to the garden with the green gate, 
the gardener was taking down the net which was spread 
over the cherry tree. Frank asked his mother why this 
net had been spread over it. She told him, that it was to 
prevent the birds from eating the cherries. 

4. The cherries looked very ripe, and the gardener 
began to gather them. Frank asked whether he might 
help him to gather some of the cherries. 

5. His mother said, — "Yes; I think the gardener 
will trust you to. gather his cherries, because he has seen 
that you have not meddled with any of his things without 
his leave." 

6. The gardener said that he would trust him, and 
Frank was glad ; and he gathered all the cherries that he 
could reach, that were ripe. 

7. When Frank had filled the basket into which the 
gardener asked him to put them, the gardener picked out 
five or six bunches of the ripest cherries, and offered them 
to Frank. 

8. " May I have them, mamma ? " said Frank. His 
mother said, — " Yes, you may, my dear." 

9. Then he took them ; and he thanked the gardener for 
giving them to him : and, after this, he and his mother left 
the garden, and returned towards home. — Edgeworth. 



nee ta rine ju ve nile me'd i cine 

al ka line pu er ile dis ci pline 

in fan tile lib er tine ed i fice 

vol a tile croc o dile or i fice 

fern i nine mer can tile def i nite 

mas cu line ver sa tile in fi nite 

pi e ty skil ful ly plen ti fill 

nicety wil fui ly fanciful 

se ere sy mer ci ful . pit i ful 

po e sy beau ti ful du. ti ful 






• 100 



Words of Three Syllables. 





1. 


■ 


gen'er al 


Sn'i mal 


cler'i cal 


fed er al 


med i cal 


eth i cal 


lib er al 


crim i nal 


prod i gal 


lit er al 


com i cal 


graph i cal 


min er al 


fin i cal 


goth i cal 


sev er al 


crit i cal 

2. 
doc tri nal 


top i cal 


ad f mi ral 


pop u lar 


can ni bal 


prin ci pal 


oc u lar 


drop si cal 


prac ti cal 


glob u lar 


bib li cal 


whim si cal 


reg u lar 


clas si cal 


met ri cal 


tab u lar 


hos pi tal 


nom i nal 
3. 
fa tal ly 


sec u lar 


sin gu lar 


ca pa ble 


an nu lar 


fi nal ly 


cu ra ble 


eel lu lar 


le gal ly 


si za ble 


tern po ral 


re al ly 


li a ble 


pec to ral 


to tal ly 


pli a ble 


pas to ral 


frti gal ly 
eel e brate 


pla ca ble 


cap ti vate 


dec o rate 


fab ri cate 


el e vate 


ad vo cate 


in di cate 


pen e trate 


des o late 


es ti mate 


ex e crate 


ren o vate 


vin di cate 


des e crate 


in no vate 


sup pli cate 


per pe trate 

y 5 - 
mod u late 


per fo rate 


tern per ate 


mod es ty 


del e gate 


grad u ate 


Aon es ty 


des pe rate 


act u ate 


nov el ty 


ac cu rate 


fluct u ate 


am nes tj 


ob sti nate 


grat u late 


tap es try 


du pli cate 


mat u rate 


min strel sy 



Spelling and Reading. 101 

1. 



rel'a tive 


prim'i tive 




mftd'er ate 


neg a tive 


len i tive 




op er ate 


lax a tive 


sen si tive 




tol.er ate 


voc a tive 


tran si tive 




ven er ate 


ab la tive 


sub stan tive 




al ter cate 


nar ra tive 


ad jec tive 

2. 

reg u late 




gen er ate 


cal cu late 




an i mate 


un du late 


spec u late 




im i tate 


in du rate 


gran u late 




med i tate 


con ju gate 


stip u late 




nom i nate 


am pu tate 


stim u late 




em i grate 


sup pu rate 


pop u late 




mit i gate 




Winter. 

■4 




e'ven ing 


1. 

I'ci cle Tce'land 


Cas tine' 


e yen -ing§ 


ve hi cle Ire land 


Cas tile 


o pen ing 


for ci ble Lap 


lane 


i Mo bile 


e ven ly 


crtl ci ble Fin land 

9 


Ba lize 


slSd^e§" 


A. 

cold er warm'er 


fi'ner u/hit 


hou§ e§ 


cold est warm est 


fi nest . u rim 


1. It is 


autumn now ; next 


comes winter, when 



the 
cold frosty air will pinch us, .and force us to wrap our- 
selves up in warm clothes. The rain will be frozen into 
snow, and will come down like white feathers, and cover 
the ground. 

2. The long sharp icicles will hang from the eaves of 
the houses ; and the ponds of water will be frozen into a 
hard sheet. Then we shall be able to walk out only in 
the middle of the day, because- it will be too cold in the 
mornings and evenings. 
9* - 



102 



Reading and Spelling. 



3. But we need not care much, as long "as we have a 
good warm fire to sit by, where we can read, talk, or play. 
By that time, I hope you will be able to read little stories 
to your mother. People will always be happy, whether it 
is winter or summer, if they are good. 

4. There is a place called Iceland, where they have no 
day-light for several months in the year ; and the weather 
is much colder than it is here, even in our coldest winters. 

5. But the people in Iceland are very happy, and love 
their country very much : I dare say they would not leave 
it to come here in our finest and warmest weather. They 
dress themselves in the skins of wild beasts ; and they 
slide along the ice on sledges drawn by rein-deer. 

6. They take great pains to teach their children to read ; 
for if they could not read, they would be very dull indeed. 
They are a very good people ; and, like all good people, 
they are very happy. — Mrs. Hughs. 



scan dai ize 
sig nal ize 
stig ma tize 
em pha size 
ag gran dize 
dog ma tize 



or gan ize 
gor man dize 
au thor ize • 

de'i ties 
li bra ries 
the o ries 



1. 

scan da lous 
in fa mous 
haz ard ous 
mem bra nous 
vil Ian ous 
ar du ous 

2. 
nu mer oris 
dan ger ous 
a que ous 

3. 
en'e mies 
rem e dies 
ar te rief 



in f ant ry 
cav al ry 
pen al ty 
her aid ry 
in fan cy 
hus band ry 

bias phe mous 
hid e ous 
cov e tous 

mag'ni fies 
jus ti fies 
nul li fies 



Words of Three Syllables. 



103 



S§T1 OU3 

pre vi ous 
du bi ous 
stu di ous 
spu ri ous 
co pi ous 

gen er ous 
dex ter ous 
pon der ous 
pros per ous 
ul cer ous 
miir der ous 

sep a rate 
prop a gate 
par a site 
ex ca vate 
ag gra vate 
tan ta lize 

spec ta/tor 
cue ta tor 
tes ta tor 
trans la tor 
ere a tor 
di vi sor 

ere a tive 
e va sive 
cor ro sive 
de ci sive 
e lu sive 
con du cive 



de vi ous 
mu ti nous 
lu mi nous 
glu ti nous 
lu di crous 
' 2. 
em u lous 
trem u lous 
stren u ous 
fab u lous 
pop u lous 
quer u lous 

3. 
&c ci dence 
in ci dence 
pes ti lence 
res i dence 
prov i dence 
prom i nence 

4. 
in he'rent 
co he rent 
op po nent- 
in de cent 
ad lie rent 
ad ja cent 

en a ble 
dis a ble 
en no ble 
en ti tie 
dis ci pie 
un a ble 



lm'pi ous 
en vi ous 
ob vi ous 
per il ous 
om in ous 
ru in ous 

tim or ous 
vig or ous 
am or ous 
clam or ous 
val or ous 
ven om ous 

bot a ny 
in fa my 
big a my 
lit a ny 
sal a ry 
gran a ry 

a bu'sive 
de lu sive 
ex clu sive 
con clu sive 
dif fu sive 
in clu sive 

al II ance 
re li ance 
af fi ance 
con tri vance 
com pli ance 
con m vance 



104 



Spelling and Reading* 



ar ri'val 
re vi val 
re ei tal 
pe ru sal 
re fu §al 
dis po § al 
con fine ment 
en tice ment 
in duce ment 
de face ment 
en gage ment 
a muse ment 



il le'gal 
tri bu nal 
in hu man 
re pri sal 
re qui tal 
de ni al 
dis pu. ter 
pro du cer 
ac cu §er 
se du cer 
de lu der 
in va der 



a base'ment 
a bate ment 
a maze ment 
al lure ment 
a tone ment 
re fine ment 
ad mi rer 
sur vi ver 
com pi ler 
de ba ter 
con so ler 
in qui rer 




The Peacock, 

Here is a picture of a peacock. It is a beautiful bird. 
It spreads its gaudy tail, and moves about with a pomp- 
ous step, as if vain of its beauty. 

Yet the peacock is nearly a useless bird ; and his voice is 
as harsh as the filing of a saw. He does much mischief in 
gardens, digging up seeds, and nipping the buds of flowers. 

Peacocks were first brought from India ; and they are 
now found in most countries. They live till they are twenty 
years old. The beautiful feathers of the tail do not appear 
till the third year. 



Words of Three Syllables. 



105 



re mem'ber 
en cum ber 
sur ren der 
Sep tern ber 
No vem ber 
De cem ber 

de liv er 
dis sent er 
im bit ter 
dis til ler 
im prop er 
de can ter 

at tend ant 
de fend ant 
a bun dant 
re pug nant 
re dun dant 
in dig nant 

fa n&t ic 
bo tan ic 
ath let ic 
pa thet ic I 
pro lif ic 
po lem ic 

y 
o pm ion 

do min ion 

com pan ion 

re deem er 
a gree ment 



1. 

se queVter 
to geth er 
pre tend er 
de fend er 
con sid er 
cor rupt er 

2. 
a mend ment 
in dul gent 
in cum bent 
re splen dent 
en camp ment 
re fresh ment 

3. 
as ton ish 
ad mon ish 
de mol ish 
a bol ish 
re pol ish 
ac com plish 

4. 
at ten tive 
in struc tive 
sub jec tive 
de cep tive 
pro tec tive 
re ten tive 

5. 
dis cov er 
re cov-er 
an oth er 

6. 
at tain ment 
re main der 



a vender 
re ven£ er 
dis tern per 
be wil der 
a sun der 
dis mem ber 

in hab it 
co hab it 
de mer it 
dis cred it 
pro hib it 
de crep it 

do mSs tie 
fo ren sic 
pe dan tic 
mo nas tic 
sta tis tic 
e las tic 

at ten tion 
in struc tion 
sub jec tion 
de cep tion 
pro tec tion 
re ten tion 

u 

at tor ney 
be com ing 
en com pass 

en light en 
de light ful 



106 Spelling and Beading. 

la'ces pass'er de scribed' BbVton 

fa ces pass ers. re tired Tren ton 

pla ces. flask et de §>ed Prince ton 



Cousin James and Cousin Greorge. 

1. James Brown had a cousin, named George ; and 
George Brown once came to pay James a visit. The 
two boys were very glad to see each other ; and George 
told James of the city of Boston, where he lived. 

2. George spoke of the paved streets, crowded all day 
by throngs of people, and lighted at night by rows of 
lamps, on each side of the way. He told him of the fine 
toy-shops, where all kinds of play-things for children are 
sold ; — such as bats, balls, kites, marbles, tops, drums, 
trumpets, whips, and dolls. 

3. George told James also about the other great shops, 
where linens, muslins, silks, and laces fill the windows, 
and make quite a gay picture to attract the passers by. 
He spoke of the great ships which he at anchor there, and 
bring stores of goods from all parts of the world. 

4. George Brown talked very fast on all these subjects ; 
and as James, who had never seen anything of the kind, 
was quite silent, and seemed as much surprised as pleased 
with all that he heard, George began to think his cousin 
but a dull, stupid sort of a boy. 

5. But the next morning, when they went out into the 
fields, he found that James had as much knowledge as 
himself, though not of the same kind. 

6. George did not know wheat from barley, nor oats 
from rye ; nor did he know the oak tree from the elm, nor 
the ash from the willow. 

7. George knew that bread was made of wheat ; but he 
had never seen it threshed in the barn, nor had he ever 



Reading and Spelling. 



107 



seen a mill grinding it into flour. Nor did he even know 
that the skins of cows, calves, and sheep, were made into 
leather. 

8. James Brown perfectly knew these and many other 
things of the same nature ; and willingly explained to his 
cousin some of the arts that belong to the practice of hus- 
bandry, or farming. 

9. These friendly and observing boys, after this time, 
met always once a year ; and they were eager in their 
separate stations to acquire knowledge, that they might 
impart it to each other at the end of the year. 

10. So that George, while living in a crowded city, 
gained a knowledge of farming,- and all that relates to a 
country life ; and James, though dwelling a hundred 
miles from Boston, knew all the curious things that it 
contained. 



sh ■ 
o'cean 


vid/uals 


union 

2. 6 

squan der 
squad ron 


mortgage 


res cue 
fes cue 


bal sam 
cal dron 


ffil con 
^?sal ter 


sh 
spe cies 
spe cie 


se rie§ 
or gie§ 


3. 
en voy 
con voy 

4. 

cSf fer 
cof fee 

5. 

wel come 
wel fare 
fare we'll' 


an swer 
chand ler 


chris£ mas 
nui sance 


gam bol 
cam phor 


in voice 
poign ant 


skilful 
wil ful 
ful some 


chil ness 
dul ness 
ful ness 


whol ly 
whole sale 
whole some 



103' 



Words of Three Syllables, 



fallible-- • 
ter ri ble 
pas si ble 
nor ri ble 
tan gi ble 
fran gi ble 

mir'a cle 
man a cle 
or a cle 
ob sta cle 
spec ta cle 
pin na cle 

cur ri cle 
pel li cle 
ven tri cle 

ac cus'tom 
a ban don 
as sess or 
col lect or 
con duct or 
in struct or 

com pen sate 
con den sate 
con tern plate 
con fis cate 
con sum mate 
in cul cate 
re cord er 
)er form er 
order 



1. 

crSd'i ble 
vi§ i ble 
flex i ble 
sen si ble 
sol u ble 
vol u ble 

2. 
du. ra ble 
sa la ble 
fi na ble 
bla ma ble 
port a ble 
m8v a ble 

B. 
cu ti cle 
ehron i cle 
au ri cle 

4. 
pro tSct'or 
ob ject or 
pre cept or 
tor ment or 
con tract or 
in spect or 

5. 
ap pen dix 
as sas sin 
em bel lish 
es tab lish 
re plen ish 
di min ish 
al low ance 
a vow al 
en dowment 



aY$ ble 
par a ble 
ten a ble 
not a ble 
prob a ble 
tract a ble 

pal pa ble 
cul pa ble 
tax a ble 
ra ta ble 
ven di ble 
mul ti pie 

ar ti cle 
par ti cle 
bar na cle 

en vel'op 
en ven om 
im pos tor 
pru nel lo 
me men to 
ro tun do 

cor rect ly 
di rect ly 
in tent ly 
ex press ly 
un luck y 
un just ly 
de strby er 
em ploy ment 
en joy ment 



Words of Three Syllables; 



109 



ad mis'sion 
com mis sion 
di§ mis sion 
ac ces sion 
con fes sion 
pro fes sion 

as per sion 
a ver sion 
con ver sion 
dis per sion 
im mer sion 
per ver sion 

le'gal Tze 
e qual ize 
vo cal ize 
po lar ize 
the o rize 
i dol ize 

mSs sen ger 
pas sen ger 
scav en ger 
lav en der 
prov en der 
in te ger 

coun te nance 
coun sel lor 
coun ter feit 

sYg na ture 
ar ma ture 



1. 

com pas'sion 
ex pan sion 
pre ten sion 
ex ten sion 
per mis sion 
e mis sion 

2. 
con vul sion 
dis cus sion 
.pos ses sion 
sue ces sion 
trans gres sion 
in ciir sion 

3. 
col'o nlze 
can o nize 
meth o dize 
tern po rize 
pat ron ize 
mag net ize 

4. 
car ri er 
bar ri er 
cur ri er 
en vi er 
of fi cer 
mar i ner 

5. 
c'ir cum stance 
cir cum flex 
fir ma ment 

6. 
Sp er ture 
o ver ture 
W 



o mis sion 
sub mis sion 
ex pres sion 
im pres sion 
op pres sion 

al lu §ion 
con fu sion 
oc ca sion 
e va §ion 
ad be sion 
co he §ion 

civ'il Tze 
pul ver ize 
tyr an nize 
crys tal lize 
cau ter ize 
brtl tal ize 

mm is ter 
sin is ter 
can is ter 
mil lin er 
pub lish er 
por rin ger 

c'ir cu lar 
cir cu late 
cir cum cise 

fur ni ture 
gar ni ture 



110 



Words of Three Syllables* 



rSc ol l£ct' 
rec om mend 
in cor rect 
dis con tent 
dis pos. sess 
jac o net 

ev er more 
in ter po§e. 
in ter cede 
in ter fere 
in ter line 
in ter vene 

o ver seer 
en gi neer 
pri va teer 
vol un teer 
mu ti neer 
in dis creet 

con tra diet 
dis af feet 
dis an mil 
man u mit 
re ad mit 
vi o lin 

ap per tain 
as cer tain 
en ter tain 

am bus cade 
bal us trade 



dis com mode' 
in com mode 
dis com po§e 
de com po§e 
in com plete 
im por tune 

2. 
in se cure 
dis re pute 
per se vere 
sor e nade 
mis re late 
dis en gage 

3. 
su per sede 
su per fine 
su per scribe 
su per vi§e 
co in cide 
re u nite 

4. 
dis o blige 
in tro duce 
im po lite 
in sin cere 
bar ri cade 
bas ti nade 

5. 
un be lief 
dis be lief 
dis be lieve 

6. 
p&t en tee 
moxt ga gee 



al a, mode' 
im ma ture 
con tra vene 
dis ar range 
re as sume 
dis a gree 

o ver see 
ref er ee 
dev o tee 
rep ar tee 
ref u gee 
ab sen tee 

ap pre hend 
com pre bend 
in ter diet 
in ter mix 
in ter rupt 
in ter cept 

un der stand 
un der hand 
rep re §ent 
re com mence 
un con cern 
dis con cert 

dis ap pr6ve 
dis ap point 
at ter n66n 

dis em bogue 
pict u rSsque 



Spelling and Reading. Ill 



for got'ten • 


for sa^ken 


for eVer 


ag'o nies. 


for giv en 


mis ta ken 


djs sev er 


his to ries. 


a ris en 


a wa ken 


snr ren der 


fae to ries. 


e ley en 


en gra ven 


me an der 


vie to rie§ 



The French Merchant and his Dog. 

1. I will tell you a story about a dog. There was once 
a rich French merchant, who had a great deal of money 
in a large bag. He had just received the money from 
another merchant. He was on horse-back ; and he tied the 
bag of money before him, and then set off for home. He 
had a dog with him, who frisked round the horse, barked, 
and jumped, and seemed to partake in the joy of his master. 

2. After riding many miles, the merchant became tired, 
and got off his horse, and took the bag of money with him, 
and went to sleep at the foot of a tree. When he awoke, 
he got on his horse again, but forgot the bag of money. 

3. His dog saw the bag, and knew that it belonged to 
his master ; so he began to jump round him, and to bark 
very loud, — but the merchant had quite forgotten his 
money. Then the dog began to bite his horse's heels in 
order to make him stop. 

4. But the merchant thought his dog was mad, and he 
said to himself, " I must kill him ; " so he drew a pistol 
from his pocket, and, with a trembling hand, took aim at 
his faithfal servant. His aim was too sure ; for, when he 
fired, the poor animal fell ; and, weltering in his blood, 
still tried to crawl toward his master. 

5. The merchant could not bear the sight ; he spurred 
on his horse, with a heart fall of sorrow. Still he did not 
recollect his money : he thought only of his poor dog ; 
and he said to himself, " I would sooner have lost my 
money than my dog ; " — and so he began to feel for his 
money, and he found that he had lost it. 



112 Beading and Spelling. 

6. All at once, he thought that his dog had tried to tell 
him that he had lost the money. He turned his horse, 
and went off at full gallop to the place where he had stop- 
ped ; and he found that his dog, all covered with blood, 
had crawled to the money-bag, after he had been shot ; 
and, in the agonies of death, lay watching beside it. 

7. When he saw his master, he still showed his joy by 
the wagging of his tail. He could do no more. He tried 
to rise, — but his strength was gone. He stretched out 
his tongue to lick the hand that was now fondling him in 
the agonies of regret. He then cast a look of kindnes8 
on his master, — and closed his eyes forever. 



ra'di ance 


1. 

foli age 


heVmit age 


va ri ance 


pil grim age 


pSp u lace 


dal li ance 


vas sal age 


per son age 


ig no ranee 


av er age 


fer ri age 


ar ro gance 


bev er age 


par son age 


or di nance 


her i tage 

2. 
cSt'ta ger 


car ti lage 


y n 
eulo gy 


vin'e gar 


eu pho ny 


cab ba ges 


mul ber ry 


eu lo glze 


sac ri lege 


rasp ber ry 


eu £ha rist 


priv i lege 
3. 
mys'te ry 


sen ti nel 


velie mence 


cbp'y ist 


vi o lenee 


sym me try 


lab y rinth 


£1 o quence 


sym pa thy 


ox y gen 


com pe tence 


pyr a mid 


pres by ter 


con se quence 


tyr an ny 


cyl in der 


ref er ence 


sym pho ny 
4. 
dys'pep sy (or) 


par ox y§m 


hyp'o crite 


dys pep'sy 


fa vor ite 


dys pho ny 


dys pep tic 



Words of Three Syllables. 



113 



am'a zon 
par a gon 
par a dox 
par a sol 
hex a gon 
dec a gon 

cit a del 
cat a ract 
ad a mant 
cal a bash 
par a graph 
av a rice . 

ap'pe tite 
ex pe dite 
sat el lite 
pros e cute 
ex e cute 
per se cute 

&1 ma nac 
talk a tive 
al der man 
wa ter y 
al ter ant 
quar ter lj 

joy ful ly 
loy al ly 
roy al ly 
roy al ty 
roy al ist 
joy ful ness 



1. 

ap'o gee 
per i gee 
ped i gree 
bum hie bee 
ax \e tree 
ju bi lee 

2. 
bit ter ness 
bles sed ness 
hap pi ness 
man li ness 
diz zi ness 
god li ness 

3. 
par'a site 
eel an dine 
brig an tine 
pan to mime 
por cu pine 
tiir pen tine 
5 4. 
qual i ty 
quan ti ty 
wan ton ly 
quad ru pgd 
qual i fy 
quar rel some 

5. 
com pa ny 
con sta ble 
love li ness 
come li ness 
gov ern ess 
gov ern ment 
10* 



caYa lSgue 
dec a logue 
dem a gogue 
ped a gogue 
syn a gogue 
di a logue 

I die n&ss 
gSn tie ness 
fie kle ness 
wick ed ness 
wretch ed ness 
help less ness 

cal'i co 
in di go 
por ti co 
buffalo 
mar i gold 
man i fold 

flow er j 
bow er y 
show er y 
pow er ful 
cow ard ly 
cow ard ice 

cov e nant 
cov er ing 
cov er let 
sov er eign 
won der ful 
con jur er 



114 Spelling and Beading, 



margin al 


1. 

ar'gu ment 


ar'se nal 


car cE nal 


ar ma ment 


ar te ry 


mar tin gal 


art ful ness 


lar ce ny 


par ti §an 


bar ba rous 


car pen try 


ar ti fice 


bar ba ri§m 


har mo ny 


ar mis tice 


car nal ly 
2. 
fu ner al 


in dus try 


guar di an 


or i gin 


guard a ble 


nu mer al 


cod i cil 


guard ed nSss 


fern o ral 
3, 

cru el - ty 


cher u bim 


crfi ci ble 


scrti ti ny 


era ci fix 


era el ly 


ru di ment 


cru ci fy 


cru di ty 


scru pu lous 


or a tor 


mon i tor 


bach e lor 


sen a tor 


ed i tor 


an ces tor 


met a phor 


cred i tor 


chan eel lor 




The Soul. 





1. What is it that thinks ? It is the soul, — the soul 
within you. But how do you know you have a soul ? 
How do know that a watch-case has any watch, in it ? 
Because you hear it tick, and see the pointers move. 

2. And just so you know. your body has a soul in it ; 
because it thinks, and moves your hand and your eye, just 
as the watch within the case moves the pointers. But 
nobody ever saw the soul. And yet we know we have a 
soul, — because we see it do things. 

3. When you feel happy, the soul makes the face laugh ; 
when the Soul feels bad, it show itself through the face, 
and perhaps makes the face cry. When you feel wicked, 
it makes you cross, and speak wicked words, and dis-obey 
your parents, and dis-obey God. — Todd's Lectures. 



Words of Three Syllables. 



115 



ca pa cious 
sa ga cious 
te na cious 
vi va cious 
vo ra cious 
lo qua cious 

de lf'cious 
ma li cious 
ca pri cious 
ju di cious 
of fi cious 
sus pi cious 

y 
ad vent' ure 

con ject ure 

de bent ure 

en rapt ure 

in dent ure 

mis fort une 

de tru fion 
in tru fion 
ob tru §ion 
pro tru §ion 
ex tru fion 

_zh 
com po §ure 
ex po §ure 
en clo §ure 
dis clo §ure 

bVna ment 
cor pu lent 



a tro cious 
ra pa cious 
fal la cious 
ve ra cious 
fu ga cious 
au da cious 
2. 
ju di"cial 
of fi cial 
lo gi cian 
ma gi cian 
mu §i cian 
phy fi cian 

3- y 

com bust' ion 
am bust ion 
ad mixt ion 
di gestion 
sug gest ion 
ce lest ial 

4. 
con clu fion 
ex clu fion 
col lu fion 
il lu fion 
con tu §ion 

5. 
cor ro fion 
ex plo fion 
in fu f ion 
pro fu §ion 

6. 
f or'mal isfc 
or gan ist 



ex actly 
ex am ine 
ex am pie 
ex bib it 
ex ot ic 
ex ist ence 

de f r"cient 
ef fi cient 
pro fi cient 
suf fi cient 
sus pi cion 
pa tri cian 

de ci§ 'ion 
de ri§ ion 
pre ci§ ion 
di vi§ ion 
in ci§ ion 
re vi§ ion 

_zh 

col li§ ion 
con cif ion 
e lif ion 
pro vi§ ion 
re cif ion 

ma ter nal 
fra ter nal 
in ter nal 
e ter nal 

f or'mal ly 
mor tal ly 



116 Reading. 

There is a God. 

1. How do we know there is a God ? We know there 
is a God, — because we see that he does things. 

2. God knew that you would love to see the light, and 
so he made the sun and the moon. He knew that you 
would love to see beautiful things, and so he set the rain- 
bow in the dark clouds, and spread the green grass over 
the ground, and painted the flowers, and planted the trees, 
and hung apples on one tree, and plums on another, and 
grapes on the vine. 

3. God knew you would love to hear sweet sounds, and 
so he gave your parents a pleasant voice, and filled the air 
with little birds, whose great business is to sing. 

4. God knew you would want houses, and so he made 
the wood for the timber and boards, and the clay for the 
brick. He knew you would have reason, and yet not 
enough to lead you to heaven, and so he gave you the Bible. 

5. God knew you would have wicked hearts, and so he 
has given you the Sabbath, and the Savior, and the Holy 
Spirit, to help, you to be good. He knew you would want to 
live forever, and so he has made heaven, where you may 
live forever, and never die, if you are good and holy. 

6. Who does not see that the world is full of the things 
that God has done ? I am sure I can no more doubt it, 
than I can doubt that little boy to have eyes, when I see 
them both open, and looking at me. I am sure I have no 
doubt that these children have souls, though I never saw 
their souls ; for I can see their eyes, and hands, and limbs, 
moved by their souls. 

7. There is a God. There is a great and glorious Being 
around you, always doing you good. People, who lived a 
great while ago, used to call him " the Grood." We 
shorten the word a little, and call him God ; but it means 
the same thing, — good. And they gave him that name, 
because he is so good to men. — Todd's Lectures. 



Words of Three Syllables. 



117 



deVpo ti^m 


a'the i§m 


au'di ble 


her o i§m 


e go ti§m 


au di tor 


aph o ri§m 


syl lo gi§m 


au di ence 


skep ti ci§m 


mech an i^m 


gau di ness 


crit i ci§m 


mag net i§m 


plau §i ble 


cal vin i§m 


cat e chi§m 

a 2. t 
neigh bor hood 


lau da ble 


par a lyze 


sSlf ish nSss 


an a lyze 


live H hood 


child ish ness 


an o dyne 


like li hood 


foolish ness 


pro to type 


cop y book 


self ish ly 


pros e lyte 


hoi y h5ck 


child ish ly 


ar che type 


pol y pus 

3. 
peace a ble 


Ml ish ly 


fear ful ly 


tarn a rind 


pain ful ly 


eat a ble 


ser a phim 


art ful ly 


suit a ble 


strat a gem 


law ful ly 


wea ri some 


vag a bond 


fruit ful ly 


ea §i ly 


al co ran 


peace ful ly 


fea §i ble 

4. 
lib er ty 


al co hoi 


flat ter y 


y 
sat u rate 


mi§ er y 


ten den cy 


post u late 


clev er ly 


eel er y 


punct u ate 


ut ter ly 


maj es ty 


fort u nate 


rap id ly 


an ces try 


pet u lance 


viv id ly 


proph e cy 


cent u ry 


y 


y 5. 


y 


man u al 


nat u ral 


rapt ur ous 


gen u ine 


act u al 


vent ur ous 


rit u al 


pet u lant 
6. 
mu §e'um 


sumpt u ous 


char'ac ter 


co a lgsce' 


em pha sis 


ly ce urn 


i£c qui esce 



118 Words of Three Syllables. 



va ca/tion 


1. 

e nio'tion 


com ple'tion 


re la tion 


e qua tion 


pro mo tion 


do na tion 


ere a tion 


pro por tion 


o ra tion 


so lu tion 


trans la tion 


du ra tion 


se ere tion 


pol lu tion 


de vo tion 


ro ta tion 
con trac tion 


foun da tion 


af fee tion 


in scrip tion 


af flic tion 


sub trac tion 


dis trac tion 


col lee tion 


pro due tion 


di rec tion 


con cep tion 


pre ven tion 


con vie tion 


cor rec tion 


, sub scrip tion 


con struc tion 


cor rup tion 


re due tion 
3. 
as sump tion 


per fee tion 


ob jec tion 


vex a tious 


ex cep tion 


con sump tion 


fa ce tious 


de trac tion 


pre §ump tion 


con ten tious 


e lee tion 


pre emp tion 


in fee tious 


de §er tion 


re demp tion 


sen ten tious 


in ser tion 


ex emp tion - 

4. 
ere den tial 


11 cen tious 


fac tf'tious 


ad diction 


fie ti tious 


es sen tial 


am bi tion 


am bi tious 


sub stan tial 


con di tion 


nu tri tious 


po ten tial 


con tri tion 


se di tious 


pru den tial 


per di tion 


pro pi tious 


im par tial 
5. 
se diction 


par ti tion 


in i"tial 


vo li"tion 


sol sti tial 


e di tion 


po §i tion 


co mi tial 


pe ti tion 
6. 
as sum ing 


dis ere tion 


a maz ing 


ap ply ing 


a bid ing 


al liir ing 


com ply ing 



Words of Three /Syllables. 



119 



ma jeVtic 


ec cen'tric 


de sert'er 


fo ren sic 


a cros tic 


ob serv er 


gi gan tic 


ma son ic 


in ter pret 


an gel ic 


ty ran nic 


sub ver sive 


i tal ic 


gym nas tic 


ex pert ly 


la con ic 


hys ter ic 
2. 
im mor tal 


ex pert ness 


as sem blage 


de ter gent 


dis par age 


dis cor dant 


e mer gent 


mis man age 


im por tant 


con cern ing 


dis cour age 


im por tance 


con cern ment 


en cour age 


per form ance 


ob §erv ant 


ad van tage 


ac cord ance 

3. 
ac cord ing 


ob serv ance 


at tach ment 


to b&c co 


de tach ment 


a bor tive 


mu lat to 


re sent ment 


ab hor rer 


mo roc co 


con tent ment 


en dorse ment 


si roc co 


e quip ment 


e nor mous 
4. 
sa IT va 


tor pe do 


ar raign ment 


re m6v al 


as sign ment 


di plo ma 


re prov al 


en dear ment 


o me ga 


dis prov er 


con ceal ment 


er ra ta 


im prove ment 


en croach ment 


ar ma da 

5. 
Je ho vah 


ac cou tre 


a part ment 


de ceiv er 


de part ment 


Mes si ah 


de ceit ful 


en large ment 


vol ca no 


con ceit ed 


in car nate 


tor na do 


re ceiv er 


em bar go 


au ro ra 
6. 

re pent ing 


in vei gle 


ad mit ting 


be tray ing 


re pel ling 


re lax ing 


dis play ing 



120 Reading and Spelling. 

When ought Children to think of Grod. 

1. Children should think of Grod at all times. Think 
of him when you go to bed at night ; for he it is who has 
kept you safe and done you good all the day long, and 
then thank him for his goodness. 

2. Think of him in the morning ; for it is he who has 
kept you, given you sleep, and awaked you, and lifted up 
the great sun to shine upon you. Oh ! pray that he will 
keep you from sinning all the day. 

3. You ought to think of him when you hear the pleas- 
ant and kind voice of your parents, for it is God who gave 
you these parents. . Think of him when you are happy ; 
for it is he who makes you happy. 

4. Think of him when you have sinned, or are about to 
sin, for he sees you. Think of him when you are sick, for 
he only can make you well, and keep you from being sick. 

5. Think of him on the Sabbath, for he gave it to you 
to fit you for heaven. Yes ! God gave you every good 
thing you ever had, or ever can have ; and even gave his 
dear Son to die for us. 



y 
be hav'ior 


re bell'ious 


e lic'it 


com mun ion 


in gen ious 


ex plic it 


bat tal ion 


fa mil iar 


im plic it 


pa vil ion 


con viv ial 


il H9 it 


ver mil ion 


ci vil ian 


so lie it 


re bell ion 


se ra#l io 

. a 2. 
sur vey or 


in doc, ile 


re li£ ion 


de pos it 


re li£ ious 


pur vey or 


re pos it 


pro di£ ious 


con vey ance 


ac com plice 


li ti^ ious 


sur vey ance 


dis fran chise 


im a£ ine 


o bei sance 


clan des tine 



Spelling and Reading. 121 



a#i tate tr&fi cal le£'i ble tra£'e dy 

le£ is late ma| i cal re£ i men pro£ e ny 

mag is trate lo£ i cal re£ i ment fla£ e let 

cog i tate vi£ i lant re£ is ter pa£ eant ry 

re| i cicle vi^ i lance rig id ly re£ is try 

ve£ e tate le£ i bly fri& id ly re£ is trar 

2, 

dec i mate spec i men cl^e i mal bois ter ous 

lac er ate ac id ness vie in al poi son ous 

mac er ate rec i pe ta9 it ly loi ter er 

pa9 i fy vi9 in age do9 i ble moi e ty 

spe9 i fy pre9 i pice pre9 e dent treach er y 



The little Boy who played with Fire. 

1. In the new country, that is, in those new states 
where the great forests are not cut down, and where only 
a few people live, the fire sometimes, when it is dry in the 
autumn, gets into the woods. It burns the dry leaves, 
the dry limbs and twigs, the dry trees, and even the green 
trees. Sometimes it gets so hot, that nobody can go near 
it. Sometimes it goes almost a hundred miles before it 
can be stopped. 

2. A little boy was playing one day just at the edge of 
the woods. His mother was gone ; and, though he knew 
it was wrong, yet he went into the house, and brought out 
some fire. He felt that it was wrong, but thought that 
nobody would ever know it. 

3. He played with the fire awhile, and it did no hurt. 
At length, the wind blew a spark into the woods, and the 
dry leaves caught — they blazed — the whole woods were 
on fire. On the fire went, kindled into a great flame, 
raging and burning all before it. 

11 



122 



Beading and Spelling. 



4. As' it swept through the forest, it passed by a small 
new house, which a poor man had just built, almost in the 
middle of the forest, on some land which he had just 
bought. The man was gone away. When at a great 
distance, he saw the fire, and hastened home as fast as 
possible. 

5. But, oh ! what a sight ! the woods were all burned 
black. Not a leaf was left. His little house and barn 
were burned up ; and, what was w^orse, his faithful wife 
and little child — all were burned up. On the spot where 
he left them happy in the morning, nothing was left but a 
pile of smoking ashes. 

6. All this, because that little boy disobeyed his mother, 
and played with fire ! All this from one little spark of 
fire ! — Todd's Lectures. 





1. 




e nig'ma 


hy draulic 


rhetl mafic 


di lem ma 


au then tic 


pneu mat ic 


ho §an na 


a bridg ment 


pneu mon ic 


flo til la 


ac knowl edge 


teu ton ic 


um brel la 


de vel op 

2. > 
en coun ter 


lieu ten ant 


her ba ceous 


idea 


ere ta ceous 


de vout ly 


i de al 


tes ta ceous 


ac count ant 


hy e na 


crus ta ceous 


es pous al§ 

3. 

en deav or 


hy e mal 


dis as ter 


mo ISs se§ 


dis as trous 


im stead y 


ap par el 


ad van cer 


un clean ly 


pro bos cis 


ad vance ment 


un pleas ant 


sy nop sis 


en chant ment 


un health y 


es cutch eon 


com mand ment 


com mand er 


cur mud geon 



Words of Three Syllables. 



123 





1. 




Aon'est ly 


den'i zen 


christen dom 


rhap so dy 


cit i zen 


sim pie ton 


rhet o ric 


pres. i dent 


cin na mon 


por phy ry 


doc u ment 


di a mond 


em bry o 


mar tyr dom 


hy a cinth 


syc a more 


par lia ment 

2. 
eq ui ty 


daffodil 


u ni son 


y 
brill ian cy 


u ni verse 


eq ui page 


brill iant ly 


u ni form 


liq ui date 


val iant ly 


u ni corn 


aq ui line 


bil ia ry 


use ful ness 


req ui §ite 


brev ia ry 


use less ness 


aq ue duct 


al ien ate 


sh 


3. 


zh 


sa'ti ate 


du'te ous 


u'§u al 


spa ti ate 


pit e ous 


u §u ry 


vi"ti ate 


vit re ous 

4. 
plen te ous 


u §u rer 


l- 

hu mor ous 


the a tre 


hu mor ist 


lig ne ous 


mas sa ere 


hu mor some 


boun te ous 
sh 5. 


sep ul chre 


di a phra^m 


sen su al 


hanc? ker chief 


ap o the^m 


sex u al 


mis chiev ous 


par a di^rm 


lux u ry 

■e. 

mSn'u script 


hem i sphere 


ben'e fit 


av'e nue 


Gen e sis 


tel e graph 


rev e nue 


as ter isk 


tel e scope 

m T. 

cSv a lier' 


ret i nue 


brig a diei / 


mSg a zme' 


buc a nier 


chev a lier 


gab ar dine 


gran a dier 


9han de lier 


man da rin 



124 



Spelling and Reading, 



pe euTiar 
pie be ian 
con ven ient 

ex cres cence 
pu tres cence 
qui es cent 

in dT^t nient 
in debt ed 
ma nSeu vre 



gw 1. 

dis tin'guish 
ex tin guish 
re lin quish 

2. 
be liev er 
a chieve nient 
ag griev ance 

3. 
astA mat ic 
scAi§ mat ic 
chro mat ic 



dis cern'ment 
dis cern er 
di§ cern ing 

dis fig ure 
dis trib ute 
con trib ute 

el lip sis 
e lix ir 
e clip tic 



Vowels and Consonants. 

1. Mother. Can you tell me, Jane, which of the let- 
ters are called vowels ? 

2. Jane. Yes, mother : a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes 
w and y, are called vowels. But there are a great many 
other letters ; what are they called ? 

3. Mother. The other letters are called consonants. 
Do you know how many consonants there are ? Repeat 
them, and I will count. 

4. Jane. The consonants are, — b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, 
1, m, n, p, q, r, s,t, v, x, z. 

5. Mother. Nineteen consonants and seven vowels will 
make twenty-six letters, which together compose the whole 
English alphabet. Can you tell me when w and y are 
consonants ? 

6. Jane. W and y are consonants when they begin a 
word or syllable, but in every other position they are 
vowels. But why are certain letters called vowels ? 

7. Mother. The reason is, that they give the sound 
to every word or syllable. A vowel can be sounded with- 
out the help of any other letter ; but a consonant cannot be 



Reading. 125 

fully sounded without the help of a vowel. And you must 
observe that there is no word without a vowel in it. 

8. Jane. But I think I can spell many words with the 
consonants only, without wanting any of the vowels. 

9. Mother. Pray, try if you can spell and pronounce 
only one little word of three letters, without a vowel. 
S-a-t is sat, but there is a vowel in it ; now I will put in 
d instead of a, and it is s-d-t. And what word is that ? 

10. Jane. I believe it is no word. 

11. 'Mother. Now place each of the vowels, by turns, 
between s and t, and see if you cannot make words. 

12. Jane. Yes, I can make five words, — sat, set, sit, 
sot, sut. . . 

13. Mother. Now you see the great use of these letters, 
called vowels, which you thought you could do without. 



The Busy Bee. 

1. How doth the little busy bee . 

Improve each shining hour, 

And gather honey all the day, 

From every opening flower! 

2. How skilfully she builds her cell ! 

How neat she spreads the wax ! 
And labors hard to store it well 
With the sweet food she makes. 

3. In works of labor or of skill, 

I would be busy too ; 
For there is always something ill . 
For idle hands to do. 

4. In books, or work, or healthful play, 

Let my first years be past, 
That I may give for every day 
Some good account at last. 
11* 



126 



Words of Four Syllables. 



del'i ca cy 
mil i ta ry 
sol i ta.ry 
sem i na ry 
eel i ba cy 
jan i za ry 

am a to ry 
man da to ry 
dil a to ry 
mm. a to ry 
pref a to ry 
pred a to ry 

cem e ter y 
del e ter y 
dys en ter y 
com pe ten cy 
ex eel len cy 
dif fer ent ly 

mi§ er a ble 
pref er a ble 
suf fep a ble 
ven er a ble 
vul ner a ble 
tol er a ble 

com men ta ry 
san guin a ry 
mys ti cal ly 
vol un ta ry 
tab er na cle 
an swer a ble 



1. 

in'ti ma cy 
in tri ca cy 
ob sti na cy 
ef fi ca cy 
an ti qua ry 
em is sa ry 

2. 
gen er al ly 
lit er al ly 
lib er al ly 
sev er al ly 
lin e al ly 
nu mer al ly 

3. 
£d mi ra ble 
es ti ma ble 
hos pi ta ble 
cred it a ble 
am i ca ble 
char i ta ble 

4. 
In. mi na ry 
cu li na ry 
a pi a ry 
a vi a ry 
a mi a ble 
va ri a ble 

5. 
sal a man der 
al a bas ter 
eir cum spect ly 
pet ti fog ger 
dif fi cul ty 
hab er dash er 



ac'cu ra cy 
sub lu na ry 
Feb ru a ry 
Jan u a ry 
sal u ta ry 
trib u ta ry 

sed en ta ry 
lit er a ry 
plan et a ry 
ad ver sa ry 
ex em pla ry 
sec re ta ry 

ap pli ca ble 
des pi ca ble 
dis pu ta ble 
rep u ta ble 
mem o ra ble 
per ish a ble 

fu ri ous ly 
cu ri ous ly 
co pi ous.ly 
glo ri ous ly 
en vi ous ly 
im pi ous ly 

el e gant. ly 
ig no rant ly 
ad mi ral ty 
mis eel la ny 
ig no mm y 
ep i lep sy 



Words of Four Syllables. 



m 



ju'di ca ture 
va ri e gate 
ste re o type 
tem per a ture 
lit er a ture 

em i nent ly 
pen i tent ly 
ev i dent ly 
neg li gent ly 
in so lent ly 



nav i ga tor 
in sti ga tor 
es ti ma tor 
reg u la tor 
nu. me ra tor 



al le go ry 
cat e go ry 
cer e mo ny 

y 
&ct u al ly 

nat u ral ly 

y'irt u al ly 

miit u al ly 

zh 
ea§ u al ly 
ca§ u al ty 
ca§ u is try 
u §u al ly 
an'nu al ly 
crim i nal ly 
crit i cal ly 



1. 

pa'tri ot i§m 
lib er tin i§m 
tern per a ment 
lin e a ment 
op e ra tive 

2. 
tes ti mo ny 
pat ri mo ny 
an ti mo ny 
ac ri mo ny 
al i mo ny 

3. 
br a to ry 
hor ta to ry 
ter ri to ry 
tran si to ry 
piir ga to ry 

4. 
mSt ri mo ny 
sane ti mo ny 
par si mo ny 
y 5. 
act u a ry 
stat u a ry 
tit u la ry 
sumpt u a ry 

6. 
mis sion a ry 
pas sion ate ly 
die tion a ry 
sta tion a ry 
tem'po ra ry 
nee ro man cy 
con tro ver sy 



noni'i na tive 
im i ta tive 
pal li a tive 
cop u la tive 
fig u ra tive 

ar bi tra ry 
dig ni ta ry 
or cli na ry 
for mu la ry 
ob du ra cy 

mel an chol j 
ap o plex y 
or tho dox y 
cat er pil lar 
par ti cip le 

mer ce na ry 
drom e da ry 
nee es sa ry 

y ;; 

nat u ral lze 

nat u ral ist 
spir it u ous 
spir it u al 

y 
no men clat ure 

ag ri cult ure 

hor ti cult ure 

ar chi tect ure 

cus'tom a ry 

sec ond a ry 

pul mo na ry 









128 Spelling and Reading. 

1. 

li'bra'ri an a e'ri al com mu'ni ty. 

grain ma ri an col le gi al ere du li ty 

his to ri an im pe ri al fu tu ri ty 

me mo ri al ma te ri al im pu ri ty 

pictorial collegian security 

con mi bi al co me di an ma toi ri ty 

2. _ ■ 

an nu i ty a do ra ble im pi e ty 

con grti i ty im mu ta ble va ri e ty 

gra tu i ty de §i ra ble . so ci e ty 

va en i ty ad vi §a ble so bri e ty 

im mu. ni ty ex cu §a ble pro pri e ty 

im pu ni ty im pla ca ble sa ti e ty 

at tain a ble in ca pa ble . la bo ri ous 

ob tain a ble in cu ra ble in ju ri ous 

available supportable melodious 

re ceiv a ble as sign a ble no to ri ous 

con ceiv a ble a gree a ble vie to ri ous 



Night. 

1. The glorious sun is set in the west ; the night dews 
fall ; and the air which was sultry becomes cool. The 
flowers fold up their colored leaves, and hang their heads 
on the slender stalk. 

2. The chickens are gathered under- the hen, and are 
at rest ; the hen herself is at rest also. The little birds 
have ceased their warbling ; they are asleep on the boughs, 
each one with his head behind his wing. 

3. There is no murmur of bees round the hive ; they 
have done their work, and he close in their waxen cells. 
There is no sound of a number of voices, or of children at 
play, or the trampling of busy feet, and of people hurrying 
to. and fro. 



Reading and Spelling. 129 

4. The smith's hammer is not heard upon the anvil ; 
nor the harsh saw of the carpenter. All men are stretched 
upon their quiet beds, and the child sleeps upon the breast 
of its mother. 

5. Darkness is spread over the skies, and darkness„is 
upon the ground : every eye is shut, and every hand is 
still. — Who taketh care of all people when they are sunk 
in sleep ? 

6. There is an eye that never sleepeth. When there 
is no light of the sun, nor of the moon, — when there is 
no lamp in the house, nor any little star twinkling through 
the thick clouds, — that eye seeth in all places, and 
watcheth over all the families of the earth. 

7. That eye that sleepeth not is God's. He made sleep 
to refresh us when we are weary: he made night that we 
might rest in quiet. Laborers spent with toil, and young 
children, and every little insect, sleep quietly ; for God 
watcheth over you. 

8. When the darkness has passed away, and the beams 
of the morning sun strike through your eyelids, begin the 
day with praising God, who hath taken care of you through 
the night. 

9. Flowers, when you open again, spread . your leaves, 
and smell sweet to his praise. Birds, when you wake, 
warble your thanks among the green boughs. Let his 
praise be in our hearts, when we lie down ; let his praise 
be on our lips, when we awake. — Mrs. Barbauld. 



cen so'ri ous im pe'ri ous spon ta'ne ous 

com mo di ous fe lo ni ous ter ra que ous 

ab ste mi ous ne fa ri ous er ro ne ous 

ob se qui ous pre ca ri ous cu ta ne ous 

gra tu i tous mys te ri ous cor po re al 

pe nu ri ous sym pho ni ous fu ne re al 



130 



Words of Four Syllables. 



a m\ ty 
a gil i ty 
ac tiv i ty 
af fin i ty 
ca lam i ty 
ci vil i ty 

de gen er ate 
ac eel er ate 
de lib er ate 
a dul ter ate 
de lin e ate 
ob lit er ate 

in tel li gence 
in tel li gent 
be nef i cence 
be nef i cent 
mag nif i cence 
mag nif i cent 

com par a tive 
de clar a tive 
de riv a tive 
de mon stra tive 
im per a tive 
in die a tive 

ab bre vi ate 
al le vi ate 
com mu ni cate 
il lu mi nate 
e lu ci date 
an ni hi late 



1. 

cap tiv'i ty 
ce leb ri ty 
con cav i ty 
de bil i ty 
de prav i ty 
di vin i ty 

2. 
ar tic u late 
e vac u ate 
ex ten u ate 
in vig o rate 
in ter ro gate 
com mem o rate 

3. 
de nom i nate 
de bil i tate 
do mes ti cate 
vi cis si 'tude 
in fin i tude 
in grat i tude 

4. 
dis trib u tive 
con sec u tive 
di min u tive . 
in fin i tive 
in quis i tive 
de fin i tive 

5. 
cen tu ri on 
al lu vi on 
cri te ri on 
em po ri um 
en co mi um 
pal la di um 



dis par'i ty 
fer til i ty 
hu man i ty 
bos til i ty 
hu mil i ty 
no bil i ty 

ca lum ni ate 
e man ci pate 
e rad i cate 
pro eras ti nate 
pre med i tate 
pre des ti nate 

in tox i cate 
mo nop o lize 
a pol o gize 
e quiv o cate 
e vap o rate 
an tip o de§ 

su per la tive 
al ter na tive 
pre §erv a tive 
su per flu ous 
sub ser vi ent 
im per ti nent 

in de cen cy 
co he ren cy 
com pla cen cy 
ad ja cen cy 
in de cent ly 
co he rent ly 



Words of Four Syllables. 



131* 



a nat'o my 
e con o my 
ge ol o gy 
zo ol o gy 
mo nop o ly 
mo not o ny 

sin cer i ty 
se ver i ty 
se ren i ty 
fi del i ty 
le gal i ty 
lo cal i ty 

e nor mi ty 
con for mi ty 
de for mi ty 
in cor po rate 
in or di nate 
sub or di nate 

ne Ces si ty 
im men si ty 
pro pen si ty 
a lac ri ty 
ad ver si ty 
di ver si ty 

a non y mous 
sy non y mous 
a poc ry pha 
ap par ent ly 
trans par ent ly 
trans par en cy 



1. 

the bl'o gy 
a pol o gy 
phil os o phy 
so lil o quy 
phil ol o gy 
tau tol o gy 

2. 
in clem en cy 
de lin quen cy 
in sol ven cy 
con sist en cy 
de spond en cy 
e mer gen cy 

3. 
su prem a cy 
con spir a cy 
de moc ra cy 
ge og ra phy 
ste nog ra phy 
bi og ra phy 

4. 
com pul so ry 
re frac to ry 
di rec to ry 
re fee to ry 
phil an thro py 
mis an thro py 
• 5. [ S 
pa rSn the sis 
di aer e sis. 
e phem e ris 
a nal y sis 
polygamy 
ty ran ni cal 



fa tal'i ty 
mo ral i ty 
mor tal i ty 
plu ral i ty 
vi tal i ty 
re al i ty 

au ster i ty 
au thor i ty 
au then ti cal 
in au gu ral 
in au gu rate 
de bauch er y 

a cSd e my 
ge om e try 
dis. Aon es ty 
de liv er y 
dis til ler y 
ar til ler y 

tin pop u lar 
ir reg u lar 
par tic u lar 
in gen u ous 
con spic u ous 
am big u ous 

in tern per ance 
pre pon der ance 
ex trav a gance 
hy poth e sis 
my thol o gy 
ty pog ra phy 



132 Reading. 

Noon. 

1. Come, let us go into the thick shade ; for it is noon, 
and the summer sun beats upon our heads. God made 
the warm sun and the cool shade. All things which we 
see are his work. 

2. Can we raise our voices to the high heaven ? Can 
we make Him hear who is above the stars ? Yes ; for he 
heareth us when we only whisper, — when we breathe out 
words softly with a low voice. He that filleth the heavens 
is here also. 

3. May we that are so young speak to Him that always 
was ? We, that are but lately made alive, should not for- 
get Him that hath made us. We should sing praises to 
Him who hath taught us to speak, and hath opened our 
dumb lips. 

4. When we could not think of him, he thought of us ; 
he fashioned our tender limbs, and caused them to grow ; 
he maketh us strong and active. 

5. The buds spread into leaves, and the blossoms swell 
to fruit; but they know not how they grow, nor who 
causeth them to spring up from the bosom of the earth. 
They smell sweet, they look beautiful, but they are quite 
silent. The plants and trees are made to give fruit to 
man ; but man is made to praise God who made him. 

6. We love to praise him, because he loveth to bless us : 
we thank him for life, because it is a pleasant thing to be 
alive. We love God ; we love all beings ; they, are the 
creatures of God. We cannot do "good to all, as God 
can; but we can rejoice that there is a God to do them 
good. — Mrs. Bakbauld. 



ex pe'di ence I de'al ly . ex te'ri or 

ex pe ri ence il le gal ly in fe ri or 

ex pe di ent un e qua! ly su pe ri or 



Words of Four Syllables. 



133 



in sid'i ous 
in vid i ous 
per fid i ous 
il lus tri ous 
in dus tri ous 
ca lam i tous 

com pat i ble 
di vi§ i ble 
in vi§ i ble 
in cred i ble 
in del i ble 
in flex i ble 

ex per i ment 
re cip i ent 
im pen i tent 
im prov i dent 
mu nif i cent 
pre em i nent 

pre dom i nant 
sig nif i cant 
in hab rt ant 
in tol er ant 
ir rel e vant 
1 tin er ant 

com pSt i tor 
ex po§ i tor 
pro gen i tor 
ob liv i on 
am bas sa dor 



12 



1. 

de test'a ble 
re spect a ble 
im prob a ble . 
de mon stra ble 
a void a ble 
al low a ble 

2. 
in vm ci ble 
in fal li ble 
in sen si ble 
per cep ti ble 
sus cep ti ble 
im pos si ble 

3. 
ac com plish ment 
as ton ish ment 
es tab lish ment 
em bel lish ment 
re lin quish ment 
em bar rass ment 

4. 
mis man age ment 
dis par age ment 
en cour age ment 
ad ver tise ment 
dis fran chi§e ment 
ac knowl edg ment 

5. 
ma hSg a ny 
e piph a ny 
e pit o me 
schi$ mat i cal 
so phist i cal 



im pr6Va ble 
im mov a ble 
re mov a ble 
ap prov a ble 
ac count a ble 
re cep ta cle 

de lir i ous 
las civ i ous 
a nal o gous 
car niv o rous 
pro mis cu ous 
I dol a trous 

ma lev o lent 
be nev o lent . 
co in. ci dent 
in con ti nent 
om nip o tent 
om nip o <tence 

mi rSc u lous 
ri die u lous 
as sid u ous 
con tin u ous 
con tig u ous 
in con gru ous 

pen in su la 
cyl in dri cal 
as par a gus 
an tiq ui ty 
u biq ui ty 



134 



Words of Four Syllables. 



per pet'u al 
con ject u ral 
ac cent u al 
ef feet u al 
ha bit u al 
tin nat u ral 

me (I19 i nal 
mu ni9 i pal 
a troc i ty 
fe roc i ty 
so I19 it or 
rhi no9 e ros 

com mis sion er 
pro fes sion al 
con gres sion al 

zh 
oc ca sion al 
am bro §i al 
mag ne §i a 
tin u su al 

officially 

es pe cial ly 

al chem i cal 

« me clian i cal 

7 
fa mil iar ly 

fa mil iar Ize 



an tic/i pate 
ca pa9 i tate 
fe I19 i tate 
par % i pate 
di la9 er ate 
so H9 it ude 

2. 
il le£ i ble 
ri£ in al 
ri£ in ate 
bel li^ er gnt 
in di^ e nous 
ar mi£ er ous 

3. 
a tro cious ly 
vo ra cious ly 
au da cious ly 

4. 
de f 1' ; cien cy 
pro fi cien cy 
suf fi cien cy 
suf fi cient ly 

zh 5. 
e lys i an 
e ly§ i um 
ma 9hm er y 
9hi ca ner y 

6. 
chro nol gy 
9M rog ra phy 



fe 119'i ty 
du pli9 i ty 
ca pa9 i ty 
sa ga9 i ty 
ve ra9 i ty 
sim pfi.9 i ty 

_sh 
ap pre ci ate 
as so ci ate 
con so ci ate 
dis so ci ate 
e ma ci ate 
ex cru ci ate 

an nun ci ate 
e nun ci ate 
pro vin cial ism 

ma libelous ly 
ju di cious ly 
per ni cious ly 
of fi cious ly 

pa ro {jhi al 
mo narch i cal 
9H mer i cal 
gha me le on 

ex or bi tant 
ex or di um 



tu mult u ous 
vo lupt u ous 
tern pest u ous 



im pgt u ous 
ad vent u rous 
con tempt u ous 



con gr&t u late 
ac cent u ate 
ex post u late 



Words of Four Syllables. 



135 



anx l'e ty 
ex u be ranee 
lux u ri ance 
lux u riant 
lux u ri ate 
lux u ri ous 

in ten tion al 
pro por tion al 
af fee tion ate 

ca tas tro phe 
a pos tro phe 

pa thet i cal 
the at ri cal 
re cip ro cal 
an ath e ma 
an tip a thy 

de ist i cal 
em phat i cal 
sta tis ti cal 
pro nom i nal 
dis sim i lar 

le'gal T zes 
civ il i ze$ 
mag net i zes 
tyr an ni zes 
crys tal li zes 
brti tal i zes 
gor man di zes 



1. 

ex as'per ate 
e^: em pli fy 
e^ hil a rate 
ej ec u tor 
e^ ec u tive 
e^: ec u trix 

2. 
ad di"tion al 
con di tion al 
prac ti tion er " 

3. 
a rith me tic 
an tith e sis 

4. 
can thar i des 
&u then ti cate 
ca thol i ci§m 
an thol o gy 
ther mom e ter 

5. 
ad ver bi al 
pro ver bi al 
cen trif u gal. 
cen trip e tal 
ver nac u lar 

6. 
ci'r'cum stan ces 
re§ i den ces 
prom i nen ce§ 
ed i fi ces 
or i fi ces 
ac com'pli ces 
ca pac i ties 



sh 
ex pa'ti ate 
in gra ti ate 
in sa ti ate 
ne go ti ate 
sub stan ti ate 
II cen ti ate 

sh 

in i" ti ate 
no vi ti ate 
pro pi ti ate 

or thog ra phy 
li thog ra phy 

ac com pa ny 
dis cov er y 
dis cov er er 
re cov er y 
ef fron ter y 

ar tif i cer 
ad min is ter 
di am e ter 
ba rom e ter 
as tron o mer 

del'i ca cies 
em is sa ries 
sec re ta rie§ 
ad ver sa ries 
com men ta rie^ 
in tri c a cies 
lu mi na rie§ 



136 Reading. 

Evening Prayer for a Child. 

1. Father, who lives in heaven, 

Oh ! hear my little prayer, — 
Watch o'er me in the night, 
With a parent's gentle care. 

2. Watch o'er me in my sleep, 

And give me peaceful dreams ; 

And, though the storms may sweep, 

And the moon hide its beams, 

3. Still, still, beside my bed, 

May thy guardian angel stay ; 
And, safe from every danger, 
May I wake at dawn of day. 

4. Let me wake in health and peace, 

On a bright shining morrow, 
And save me all the day 
From every sin and sorrow. 

5. Watch o'er me in my play, 

My study and my care ; 
And, wherever I may be, 

May I know that God is there. 

6. May I do my duty well, 

And never tell a lie ; 
And, when this life is over, 
May I dwell in yonder sky. 

7. With my father and my mother, 

May I go and dwell with thee ; 
Where, good, and wise, and happy, 
Forever I may be. 

Peter Parley. 



Words of Four Syllables. 



137 



in vi ta'tion 
cul ti va tion 
es ti ma tion 
in ti ma tion 
pub li ca tion 
vin di ca tion 

rev e la tion 
eel e bra tion 
el e va tion 
pros e cu tion 
del e ga tion 
ex e era tion 

ex e cu tion 
ap pel la tion 
com pen sa tion 
con se era tion 
dis pen sa tion 
mod er a tion 

em u la tion 
rep u ta tion 
im pu ta tion 
pop u la tion 
ref u ta tion 
ed u ca tion 

con ju ga tion 
con sul ta tion 
sal u ta tion 
Eu ro pe an 
en ter tain ment 
mis de moan or 

12* 



1. 

im i ta'tion 
lit i ga tion 
med i ta tion 
ded i ca tion 
trep i da tion 
mit i ga tion 

2. 
ad o ra tion 
ap pro ba tion 
el o cu tion 
ev o lu tion 
re§ o lu tion 
prov o ca tion 

3. 
con so la tion 
in no va tion 
res to ra tion 
oc cu pa tion 
ex hor ta tion 
dis lo ca tion 

4. 
ci'r cu la tion 
Sx por ta tion 
dem on stra tion 
per se cu tion 
aug men ta tion 
ar bi tra tion 

5. 
val u a tion 
trib u la tion 
cal cu la tion 
ad van ta geous 
ap os tol ic 
phil o soph ic 



gen er a/tion 
re§ er va tion 
con ver sa tion 
tol er a tion 
ob §er va tion 
con ster na tion 

sep a ra tion 
prep a ra tion 
ag gra va tion 
dec la ra tion 
ex ca va tion 
deg ra da tion 

ac cla ma tion 
ex pla na tion 
dec la ma tion 
prop a ga tion 
in stal la tion 
con fla gra tion 

nay i ga tion 
ob li ga tion 
re§ ig na tion 
dis pro por tion 
spec-u la tion 
ter mi na tion 

de vi a tion 
va ri a tion 
vi o la tion 
cor re spond ent 
par e gor ic 
rev e ren tial 



138 



Words of Four Syllables. 



ben e dic'tion 
ill ter rup. tion 
in ter sec tion 
in tro due tion 
sat is fac tion 
con tra die tion 

dis po §i"tion 
ad mo ni tion 
com po si tion 
op po §i tion . 
sup po §i tion 
ex po si tion 

def i nation 
ex hi bi tion 
ac qui si tion 
dis q.ui si tion 
pro hi bi tion 
req ui §i tion 

in ad ver tent 
pre de ter mine 
in at ten tive 
in of fen sive 
ad a man tine 
ret ro spec tive 

bar ri ca do 
bas ti na do 
an no ta tor 
man i fes to • 
in nu en do 



1. 

pu tre fac'tion 
stu'pe fac tion 
su per scrip tion 
ju ris die tion 
pre di lee tion 
c'ir cum spec tion 

2. 
abolition 
dep o si tion. 
prep o §i tion 
prop o §i tion 
er u di tion 
am mu ni tion 

3. 
SI e ment al 
sup pie ment al 
per se ve ranee 
hy me ne al 
com pre hen sive 
ap pre hen sive 

4. 
ig no ra mus 
ad ver ti ser 
sym pa thet ic 
met a phys ics 
hyp o crit ic 
ap o plec tic 

5. 
mod er a tor* 
"des pe ra.do 
su per car go 
co ad ju tor 
su per vi sor 
Or, mad'er a tor — me'di 



con fi den'tial 
pen i ten tial 
pes ti len tial 
pres. i den tial 
prov i den tial 
e qui noc tial 

rep e ti"tion 
com pe ti tion 
ex pe di tion 
su. per sti tion 
co a li tion 
ap pa ri tion 

sem i co Ion 
sper ma ce ti' 
in co he rent 
det ri ment al 
ac ci dent al 
re£ i ment al - 

dis con tin ue 
un der val ue 
om ni pres ent 
om ni pres ence 
ev er last ing 
dis ad van tage. 

me di a tor* 
in ter ces sor 
pred e ces sor 
ben e fac tor 
mal e fac tor 
a tor. 



Spelling and -Reading. 



139 



ben e f i"cial 
prej u di cial 
su per fi cial 
ar ti fi cial 
rhet o ri cian 
pol i ti cian 

av a rf'cious 
in au spi cious 
mer e tri cious 

cru ci fix ion 
dis ap point ment 
re con noi tre 

a£ i ta tion 
rec i ta tion 
co| i ta tion 
le£ is la tion 
ye£ e ta tion 



1. 

ef f i ca f cious 
con tu ma cious 
in ca pa cious 
per ti na cious 
per spi ca cious 
per vi ca cious 

2. 
dis a gree ment 
re en force ment 
ac qui es cence 

3, 7 
mis be hav ior 
8s ten ta tious 
con sci en tious 

i 4. 
sit u a tion 
punct u a tion 
fluct u a tion 
mod U la tion 
al ter a tion 



ep i dem'ic 
sys tern at ic 
cal vin is tic 
par a lyt ic 
sci en tif ic 
dip lo mat ic 

ap pre hen sion 
in ter ces sion 
in ter mis sion 

zh . 
ci'r cum ci§ ion 

man u fact ure 

not with stand ing 

in flu en tial 
con se quen tial 
in flu en za 
ev an es cence 
in de pend ence 



The Whale. 



1. The whale is the largest fish that swims in the sea. 
Indeed he is the largest living creature lmown in the 
world; for there is no animal on the land so large as 
the whale. 

2. The whale is not good for food, but is .taken for the 
sake of his oil. A part of his flesh is soft and fat ; and, 
when it is tried over the fire, a great deal of oil runs out. 

3. The men who catch whales sail a great way off upon 
the ocean, in large ships ; and,, when they come where the 
whales live, they see them playing upon the water. 



140 Reading and Spelling. 

4. When the men see a whale, they get out of their 
ship into their boats, and row towards him. One man 
stands at the head of the boat, holding a sharp iron spear 
in his hand, called a harpoon ; and, when the boat comes 
close to the whale, the man throws the harpoon at him 
with all his might. 

5. The harpoon cuts very deep into the soft flesh of the 
whale, and hurts him very much : so he dives down into 
the water to get away ; but he is prevented by a long 
rope, which is fastened at one end to the harpoon, and at 
the other end to the boat. 

6. The poor whale does not remain lohg under the 
water ; for whales breathe as well as men, and cannot live 
long without coming to the top of the water for air. But 
as soon as he comes up, they throw another harpoon at him, 
till at length he is tired out, and floats on the water. 

7. Then the men cut off the flesh which contains the 
oil. We burn whale's oil in our lamps. The best oil is 
called sperm oil, and is taken from the head of the sper- 
maceti whale. 



1. 

fun da ment'al o ri ent'al hor i zon'tal 

or na ment al con ti nent al iin T de al 

sac ra ment al in strti ment al u ni ver sal 

2. 

an te ce dent pre ex ist ent af f i da vit 

con va les cent co ex ist ent dis in her it 

ev a nes cent ef flo res cent ar ma dil lo 

3. 

in ef f i"cient rem i nis cence al to geth er 

in suf fi cient ad o les cence ml cro scop ic 

4. 

su. per sti"tious per ad vent ure u. §ur pa tion 

sac ri le'gics mis ad vent ure scin til la tion 



Words of Four Syllables. 



141 



su per in tend' 


1. 

an i mad vert' 


Sn te pe nult' 


su per in duce 


mis rep re sent 


le^ er de main 


su per a bound 


mul ti pli cand 


nev er the lgss 




2. 


zh 


av oir du poT§ 


cSr i ca ture 

ul tra ma rine 

4. 
SI e cam pane 


men ag e rie 


rSc i ta tive 


flow er de luce 


mis un der stand 


chSr i ot eer 


mis ap pre hend 


rod o mon tade 

5. 
pr5s'e cu tor 


in op por tune 


al'li ga tor 


spec'u la tor 


vin di ca tor 


per se cu tor 


in no va tor 


ded i ca tor 


com men ta tor 


cal cu la tor 


le£ is la tor 


el e va tor 
6. 
fa vor a ble 


lib er a tor 


du ti ful ly 


rea §on a ble 


beau ti ful ly 


h6n or a ble 

T. 
pe d^s'tri an 


sea son a ble 


ma jor'i ty 


per sbn'i fy 


mi nor i ty 


e ques tri an , 


di ver si fy 


ur ban i ty 


sa tiir ni an 


in dem ni fy 


vul gar i ty 


em pyr e an 

8. 
pSn e gyr'ic 


be at i fy 


1m ma ture'ly 


c&t e chu'men 


in com plete ly 


par a phras tic 


cat e ghet ic 


in con clu sive 


hem is pher ic 


pa tri arjh al 


op por tune ly 


tel e graph ic 


hi e rarch al 


y 


9.* 


sH 


right'eous 


o be'di ent 


om nis' cience 


right eous ly 


o be di ence 


•om nis cient 


right eous nSss 


o be di ent ly 


om nis cien cy 



142 Reading and Spelling. 

Heaven. 

1. The rose is sweet, but it is surrounded with thorns ; 
the spring is pleasant, but it is soon past ; the rainbow 
is glorious, but it vanisheth away ; life is good, but it is 
quickly swallowed up in death. 

2. There is a place of rest for the righteous ; — in that 
land there is light without any cloud, and flowers that 
never fade. Myriads of happy souls are there singing 
praises to God. 

3. That country is heaven : it is the country of those 
that are good, and nothing that is wicked must inhabit 
there. This earth is pleasant ; for it is God's earth, and 
it is filled with delightful things. 

4. But that country is better : there we shall not grieve 
any more, nor be sick any more, nor do wrong any more. 
In that country there are no quarrels ; — all love one 
another with dear love. 

5. When our parents die, and are laid in the cold 
ground, we see them here no more ; but there we shall 
embrace them, and never be parted from them again. 

6. There we shall meet all good men, whom we read of 
in holy books. They loved God on earth ; but in that 
country they will praise him better, and love him more. 

7. There we shall see Jesus, who is gone before us to 
that happy place ; and there we shall behold the glory of 
the high God. — Mrs. Barbauld. 



Words of Five Syllables. 

SffabiTity capability 

cul pa bil i ty « du ra bil i ty 

mag na nim i ty li a bil i ty 

prob a bil i ty pla ca bil i ty 

ii na mm i ty * e qua mm i ty 

u ni ver si ty mu ta bil i ty 



Words of Five Syllables. 143 

1. 

eYpi a to ry chaVi ta ble nSss 

ob li ga to ry prof it a ble ness 

ju di ca to ry fig u ra tive ly 

2. 

a mi a ble n&ss or di na ri ly 

am i ca ble ness spir it u al ly 

3. 

he red'i ta ry de f am'a to ry 

le git i ma cy de clam a to ry 

pre lim i na ry ex plan a to ry 

in cen di a ry pre par a to ry 

sub sid i a ry con sol a to ry 

in del i ca cy de rog a to ry 

4. 

de gen er a cy la bo ri ous ly 

con fed er a cy me lo di ous ly 

in ad e qua cy no to ri ous ly 

de lib er ate ly mi rac u lous ly 

con sid er ate ly ri die u lous ly 

in tern per ate ly in dus tri ous ly 

5. 

com par a tive ly in va ri a ble 

de clar a tive ly com mu ni ca ble 

di min u tive ly in sep a ra ble 

dis trib u tive ly ir rep a ra ble 

con tin u al ly in ex o ra ble 

par tic u lar ly ir rev o ca ble 

6. 

in tel li gi ble con tern po ra ry 

in hos pi ta ble ex tern po ra ry 

im prac ti ca ble e pis to la ry 

tin fash ion a ble vo cab u la ry 

7. ^ 

lj bo'ri ous nesa de lib er ate ly 



144 Words of Five Syllables. 

1. 

crim i naTi ty in ge nii'i ty 

sim i lar i ty in ere du li ty 

prin ci pal i ty in tre -pid i ty 

nos pi tal i ty im be cil i ty 

in fi del i ty lib er al i ty 

sen si bil i ty per pe tu i ty 

2. 

al le gbr i cal mis eel la ne ous 

cat e gor i cal in stan ta ne ous 

math e mat i cal con sen ta ne ous 

em ble mat i cal sim ul ta ne ous 

sys te mat i cal sub ter ra neous 

sci en tif i cal ho mo ge ne ous 

3. 

gen er. Ss i ty im ma te ri al 

reg u lar i ty die ta to ri al 

pop u lar i ty prl mo ge ni al 

an i mos i ty mat ri mo ni al 

me di oc ri ty min is te ri al 

cu ri os i ty phar i sa i cal 

in com p£t i ble op por tu ni ty 

in cor rupt i ble im por tu ni ty 

ir re §ist i ble im pro pri e ty 

im per cep ti ble no to ri e ty 

com pre hen si ble con tra ri e ty 

in ex pres si ble in con sist en cy 

5. 

Deu ter on o my in sup port a ble 

St y mol o gy in ex cus a ble 

met a phy§ i cal rec on cil a ble 

mon o syl la ble un a void a ble 

pol y syl la ble un ac count a He 



Reading. 145 

The Twin Babes. 

The following beautiful lines describe two little twin 
babes, dead, and in a coffin, and the mother bending over 
it, and looking upon them through her tears : — - 

1. 

'Twas summer, and a Sabbath eve, 

And balmy was the air, — 
I saw a sight which made me grieve. 

And yet the sight was fair, — 
Within a little coffin lay 
Two lifeless babes, as sweet as May. 

2. 
Like waxen dolls, which infants dress, 

Their little bodies were : 
A look of placid happiness 

Did on each face appear. 
And, in the coffin, short and wide, 
They lay together, side by side. 

3. 
A rose-bud, nearly closed, I found 

Each little hand within ; 
And many a pink was strowed around, 

With sprigs of jessamine : 
And yet the flowers that round them lay 
Were not to me more fair than they. 

4. 
Their mother, as a lily pale, 

Sat by them on a bed ; 
And, bending o'er them, told her tale, 

And many a tear she shed ; 
And oft she cried amidst her pain, — 
" My babes and I shall meet again ! " 
13 



146 



Words of Five Syllables. 



e lee triij'i ty 
e las ti9 i ty 
Sc cen tri9 i ty 
mul ti pli9 i ty 
per ti nac. i ty 
du o de9 i mo 

in ter rog'a tive 
rep re sent a tive 
ar gu ment a tive 
In con sid er ate 
il le git i mate 
in de ter mi nate 

an ni ver sa ry 
car a van sa ry 
con san guin i ty 
mag na nim i ty 
par a dox i cal 
met a phor i cal 

par al lei o gram 
al pha bet i cal 
at mo spher i cal 
ec o nom i cal 
in ar tic u late 
per pen die u lar 

mSth e ma ti"cian 
a cSd e mi cian 
a rith me ti cian 
ge om e tri cian 
mSt a phy si cian 



1. 



an a lo^'i cal 
as tro lo£ i cal 
phil o lo| i cal 
the o lo£ i cal 
tau to. lo^ i cal 
ab o ri^ i ne$ 

s^t is fac to ry 
in tro due to ry 
val e die to ry 
phra se ol o gj 
gen e al o gy 
en to mol o gy 

ex com mu ni cate 
car cum nav i gate 
pres by te ri an 
by dro pbo bi a 
lm mor tal i ty 
im mo ral i ty 

cer e mo ni ous 
del e te ri ous 
lex i cog ra pher 
flex i bil i ty 
plau si bil i ty 
am bi gu i ty 

en thu. §i as'tic 
Sc cle si as tic 
ar is to crat ic 
char ac ter is tic 
ep i gram mat ic 



Reading. 147 



Syllables, Diphthongs, and Triphthongs. 

1. Jane. You often tell me to pronounce my syllables distinctly; but 
I do not know what you mean by syllables. I 

2. Mother. A syllable is a whole word, or so much of a word as we 
speak at once. One syllable is a little word, which you speak with only 
one motion of your mouth : as, top, kite, doll. To pronounce a word of 
two syllables, you must move your lips or tongue twice ; as, pa-per, li-on, 
bi-ble. A word of three syllables requires the motion of the mouth three 
times ; as, vi-o-let, re-mem-ber : and so on, up to very long words. Do you 
understand this 1 ; 

3. Jane. Yes, mother: I think play is a word of one syllable; play-ful, 
a word of two syllables \ and play-fal-ly, a word of three syllables. , 

4. Mother. You are right : and I will now tell you what names are 
given to words that have different numbers of syllables in them : — 

A word of one syllable ... is called . . a monosyllable. 
A word of two syllables ... „ . . a dissyllable. 

A word of three syllables . . „ . . a trisyllable. 

A word of more than three syllables „ . . a polysyllable. 

5. Jane. What is a diphthong, mother? 

6. Mother. If two vowels come together in the same syllable, they are 
called a diphthong ; as, ou in thou. If both vowels are sounded, they 
are called a proper diphthong ; as, ou in thou, and oi in voice : but if only 
one of the vowels is sounded, they are called an improper diphthong ; as, 
ea in beat, and ai in pain. 

7. Jane. How many vowels are there in a triphthong 1 

8. Mother. There are three vowels in a triphthong; as, eau in beauty, 
and ieu in lieu. Can you tell me now which is the proper and which the 
improper diphthong in the words joy and field ? , 

_ 9. Jane. Oy in joy is a proper diphthong, and ie in field is an improper 
diphthong ; for both o and y are sounded in. joy, and only e in field. 



1 . What is a syllable ! What is a word of one syllable called ? What 
is a word of two syllables called 1 What is a word of three syllables 
called ? What is a word of more than three syllables called ? i 

2. What is a diphthong ? What is a proper diphthong 1 What is an 
improper diphthong ? What is a triphthong 1 Is there a diphthong in the 



148 



Heading and Spelling. 



word choice 1 Which letters are the diphthong ? Is it proper or improper ? 
What are the sounds of o and i in this diphthong 2 Why is this a proper 
diphthong ? 

3. What letters are the diphthong in the word plain ? Is it proper or 
improper ? Why ? Which vowel is sounded ? Has it a long or short 
sound ? What letters are the triphthong in the word adieu ? Why is it 
called a triphthong ! Ans. Because three rowels are united in one syllable. 
Which vowel is sounded ? 

4. Is the word paper a monosyllable or a dissyllable ? Why ? What 
sort of a word is violet ? Why ? What is a polysyllable ? What son of 
a word is interrogation? How many syllables has if? Which is the 
accented syllable ? Is the sound of the accented syllable long or short 8 
Which syllable has the secondary accent ? 



Pronounced. 

sharn'me 

"bat-to 7 

bu-ro' 

ber're 

ber're-al 

nash'ion-al 

rash'ion al 

hal-le-lu'ya 

port-nian'to 

ren-de-voz' 

kon-nes-sur' 

a-pos'sl 

e-pis'sl 

nau-she-ate 

miz'zl-to 

tiz'ik 



Words 


rebelled to show their Pronu 


nc 


Written. 


Pronounced. 


Written. 


buoy .... 


. bwoe 


cham'ois . . . 


fer'rule . . . 


. feYril 


bat-eau' . . 


. 


neph'ew . . 


. nev'vu 


bu-reau'. . 


. . 


vis'count . . 


. vi'kount 


bur^y . . . 


, . 


hautfboy . , 


. ho'boe 


bur'i-al . . . 


. 


eup'board. . 


. kub'burd 


na'tion-al . 


. 


cui-rass'. . . 


. kwe-ras' 


ra'tion-al . 


. 


chest'nut . . 


. ches'nut 


hal-le-lu'jah 


. 


hei'nous. . . 


. ha'nus 


pori>nian'teau . 


flan/beau . . 


. flau/bo 


ren-dez-vous' . 


colo'nel . . . 


. kiir'nel 


con-nois-seur' . 


vign'ette . . 


. vm'yet 


a-pos'tle . . . 


hic'cough . . 


. hic'cup 


e-pis'tle . . . . 


is'sue .... 


. ish'shu 


nau'se-ate . . . 


col'umn . . . 


. cbTlum 


mis'tle-toe . . . 


de-pot' . . . 


. da-po' 


phthis'ic . 


• • 



scep'tic or skep tic 

scep'tj cal " skep ti cal 

seep ti cism " skep ti ci§m 

scir rhus " sMr rnus 



■waistcoat 
wain scot 
pur lieu 
pus tule 



o'chre 
a ere 
al oes. 
subt le 



Words of Five Syllables. 



149 



1. 



de nom i na'tion 
con tarn i na tion 
con sol i da tion 
a bom i na tion 
pre cip i ta tion 
dis crim i na tion 

con tin u a tion 
con fig u ra tion 
dis sim u la tion 
com mem o ra tion 
in ter ro ga tion 
e vap o ra tion 

no ti fi ca tion 
pu ri fi ca tion 
glo ri fi ca tion 
or gan i za tion 
r^c om men da tion 
yer si fi ca tion 

re gen er a tion 
de Tin e a tion 
in ter pre ta tion 
as sev e ra tion 
co op e ra tion 

5 
qual i f i ca tion 
clas si fi ca tion 
ar gu men ta tion 
rep re §en ta tion 

im a£ in a'tion 
ex a£ £er a tion 
13* 



2. 



3. 



4, 



5. 



ab bre vi a/tion 
al le vi a tion 
com mu ni ca tion 
ap pro pri a tion 
an ni hi la tion 
ac cu mu la tion 

civ il i za tion 
ed i fi ca tion 
mul ti pli ca tion 
jus ti fi ca tion 
sig ni fi ca tion 
rat i fi ca tion 

de lib er a tion 
con sid er a tion 
con fed er a tion 
com mi§ er a tion 
ac eel er a tion 
al lit er a tion 

for ti f i ca tion 
mor ti fi ca tion 
grat i fi ca tion 
mod i fi ca tion 
man i fes ta tion 

in au gu ra tion 
ar tic u la tion 
in sin u a tion 
ex ten u a tion 

in ter po si"tion 
in dis po §i tion 



150 



Words of Five, Six, £c. Syllables, 



ad mm is tra/tion 
as sas si na tion 
pro eras ti na tion 
re tal i a tion 

a man u en sis 
ad min is tra tor 
ad min is tra trix 
ex per i ment al 

al pha bet'i cal ly 
an a lyt i cal ly 
di a met ri cal ly 
hyp o crit i cal ly 
in ter rog a to ry 
rec om men da to ry 

in cred i bil'i ty 
in flex i Ml i ty 
dis sim i lar i ty 
in vis i bil i ty 
in sen si bil i ty 

in com pre hen si ble 
in con tro vert i ble 
ma te ri al i ty 
con ge ni al i ty 

im pen e tra bil'i ty 

im prac ti ca bil i ty 
in tel li gi bil i ty 

in com pat i bil'i ty 
con sub stan ti al i ty 



1. 



2. 



4, 



su per a bun'dant 
su per a bun dance 
su per in ten dent 
su per in ten dence 

hi e ro glyph ic 
mis rep re §ent ed 
mis un der stand ing 
an ti spas mod ic 

su per nu/rae ra ry 
im ma te ri al ly 
mer i to ri ous ly 
cer e mo ni ous ly 
ir re me di a ble 
su per an nu a ted 

pre des ti na'ri an 
Med i ter ra ne an 
an te di lu vi an 
me di a to ri al 
en cy clo pas di a 

im pos si bil i ty 
in fal li bil i ty 
ir reg u lar i ty 
in fe ri or i ty 

per pen die u lar'i ty 
in com press i bil i ty 
in com bus ti bil i ty 

me te o ro lo^'i cal 
gen e a lo^'i cal ly 



Reading. 151 

The Child's Time Table. 

l. 

" Sixty seconds make a minute, 

Sixty minutes make an hour : "— 
I wish I were a little linnet, 

Singing from her leafy bower ; 
And then I should not have to count, 
" Sixty minutes in an hour," 
2. 
" Twenty-four hours in a day, 
Seven days in a week : " — 
I 'd rather bound upon the hay, 

Or play at charming hide and seek, 
Than count the hours in a day, 
Or tell the days that make a week. 
3. 
" In a month there are four weeks, 
And twelve months in a year : "— - 
All this to me a language speaks, 
Which mother says I ought to hear, 
4. 
A second very quickly flies ; 

A minute soon is gone ; 
An hour is nothing in my eyes — 
When something 's to be done. 
5. 
And when from my sweet sleep I rise 5 

The day seems scarce begun, 
Before again I close my eyes, 
That opened with the sun. 
6. 
Oh ! let me try to spend my years, 

And months, and weeks, and days, 
That I may have to shed few tears, 
And gain my Maker's praise. 



The Q-olden Rule. 

To do to all men as I would 

That they should do to me, 
Will make me kind, and just, and good, 

And so I 'II try to be. 



152 Punctuation. 

Pauses in Reading. 

The principal points used to denote the various pauses in reading 
are the following : — 



A Comma, marked thus 
A Semicolon, „ 
A Period, „ 

A Colon, „ 



Interrogation, marked thus ? 
Exclamation, „ ! 

Parenthesis „ ( ) 

Dash „ — - 



A Comma denotes a pause, while you can say — one. 

A Semicolon denotes a pause, while you can say — one, two. 

A Colon denotes a pause, while you can say — one, two, three. 

A Period denotes a pause, while you can say — one, two, three, 
four. 

At a comma, semicolon, and colon, the voice must be kept up ; 
but at a period the voice must fall. 

[There are many exceptions to the above rule. A good reader 
will sometimes, when the sense requires it, let his voice fall at a 
comma and semicolon : he will often let it fall at a colon, and some- 
times keep it up at a period. A good reader, also, will often make 
pauses where none are marked in printing.] 

An Interrogation point shows when a question is asked; as, 
" What do you see ? " It requires the same pause as a period ; 
and the voice must be kept up, unless the question be asked by 
who, which, what, when, how, ivhere ; in this case the voice must 
fall. 

An Exclamation point denotes surprise, grief, joy, or something 
wonderful ; as, " Oh ! what folly ! " It requires the same pause 
as a period ; and the voice must fall or be kept up according to 
the sense. 

A Parenthesis includes part of a sentence which is not necessary 
to make sense, and which should be read quicker, and in a weaker 
tone of voice. 

A Dash denotes a sudden change in the sentiment, and lengthens 
the pause. 



Other Characters used' in Composition. 

Brackets, [ ], are used to include a sentence or a word, which 
will explain something that precedes or follows. 

An Apostrophe, ', denotes the omission of a letter ; as, o'er for 
over. 



Punctuation. 153 

A Quotation, " ", placed at the beginning and end of a passage, 
shows that it is taken from some other writer in his own words. 

A Hyphen, - , joins words or syllables ; as, lap-dog, pa-per. 
When over a vowel, it denotes a long sound ; as, a in fate. 

A Breve, ~ , shows that the vowel over which it is placed sounds 
short ; as, a in fat. 

A Circumflex, ", placed over a vowel, denotes the broad sound 
of a, as in fall; the sound of e, like a long before r, as in there; 
the sound of i, like long e, as in pique ; the sound of long and close o, 
as in move ; and the sound of middle or obtuse u, as in bull. 

A Caret, a, shows where to bring in what was left out by mis- 
take. It is used only in writing. 

An Ellipsis, , or , shows that some letters in a word, or 

some words in a sentence, are omitted. 

An Index, ^§P, points out a passage as remarkable. 

A Paragraph, \ is chiefly used in the Bible, and denotes the 
beginning of a new subject. 

A Section, §, is used to subdivide chapters. 

An Asterisk, * ; Dagger, f ; Double Dagger, J ; Parallels, j| ; 
and letters and figures, are used as references to notes at the side 
or bottom of the page. 



JEmphasis. 

When we distinguish any particular syllable in a word with a 
strong voice, it is called accent, as the first syllable in the word 
cap'i-tal ; but when any particular word in a sentence is thus dis- 
tinguished, it is called emphasis, and the word on which the stress 
is laid is called the emphatical word, as in the following sentence 
(the words " manner " and " matter " are emphatical) : — " The 
manner of reading is as important as the matter." 



Capital Letters. 

Capital letters should be used at the beginning of every book, 
chapter, note, and sentence ; at the beginning of names of the 
Deity ; of proper names of persons, places, seas, rivers, ships, and 
of adjectives derived from proper names ; at the 'beginning of a 
quotation ; of every line in poetry ; and of some important word in 
a sentence. 

The pronoun I, and the interjection 0, should be written in 
capitals. 



154 



Words alike in Sound, 



Words alike in Sound, but different in Spelling and 
Signification. 

The first word in a couplet shows how the next is to be pronounced. 



Ale, a kind of beer. 
Ail, to be sick. 

Air, wind. 

Ere, before. 

Heir, an inheritor. 

E'er, ever. 
All, every one. 
Awl, a sharp tool. 

Ark, a vessel. 

Arc, part of a circle. 
Aught, any thing. 
Ought, to be obliged. 

Bad, wrong, not good. 

Bade, he did bid. 
Bale, a pack of goods. 
Bail, surety. 

Bate, to lessen. 

Bait, temptation. 
Ball, a round body. 
Bawl, to cry aloud. 

Bare, naked. 

Bear, to suffer. 

Bear, an animal. 
Brute, a beast. 
Bruit, a noise. 

Be, to exist. 

Bee, an insect. 
Beech, a kind of tree. 
Beach, the shore. 

Beet, a plant. 

Beat, to strike. 
Beer, a kind of liquor. 
Bier, for the dead. 

Bell, a sounding instrument. 

Belle, a fine lady. 
Bin, a place for corn. 
Been, existed. 

Blue, a color. 

Blew, he did blow. 
Bore, to make holes. 
Boar, a male swine. 

Bow, to bend the body. 

Bough, a branch. 
Bred, brought up. 
Bread, food made of corn. 

Brake, a thicket, a weed. 

Break, to part by force. 
But, except. 
Butt, a cask, a mark. 

By, near to. 

Buy, to purchase. 
Call, to cry out or name. 
Caul, a thin skin. 

Cane, a staff. 



Cain, a man's name. 
Cent, a piece of money. 
Sent, he did send. 
Scent, a smell. 

Ceil, to make a ceiling. 

Seal, to fasten a letter. 
Cell, a hut. 
Sell, to dispose of. 

Cord, a small rope. 

Chord, in music. 
Chop, to cut. 
Chap, a beast's mouth. 

Clime, a region. 

Climb, to ascend. 
Core, the inner part. 
Corps, a body of troops. 

Coarse, not fine. 

Course, direction. 

Corse, a dead body. 
Creek, a small bay. 
Creak, to make a noise. 

Dam, to stop water. 

Damn, to condemn. 
Deer, an animal. 
Dear,_ costly, beloved. 

Dew, moisture on plants. 

Due, owed. 
Die, to lose life. 
Dye, to color. 

D5e, a female deer. 

Dough, unbaked bread. 
Dun, a sort of color. 
Done, performed. 

Fane, a temple. 

Fain, willingly. 

Feign, to pretend. 
Faint, weak, feeble. ' 
Feint, a pretence. 

Fare, food, price of passage. 

Fair, beautiful. 
Feet, plural of foot. 
Feat, an act, an exploit. 

Fi'r, a tree. 
Fur, soft hair. 
Flee, to run away. 
Flea, an insect. 

Flew, did fly. 

Flue, part of a chimney. 
Flour, meal. 
Flower, a blossom. 

Fore, before. 

Four, twice two. 
Foul, impure, unfair. 
Fowl, a bird. 



but different in Signification. 



155 



Freeze, to congeal. 

Frieze, coarse woollen cloth. 
Gate, a large door. 
Gait, manner of walking. 

Gilt, overlaid icith gold. 

Guilt, crime, sin. 
Gage, to pledge. 
Gauge, to measure. 

Grate, a fireplace. 

Great, large. 
Groan, a deep sigh. 
Grown, increased. 

Hale, sound, healtJiy. 

Hail, to salute, frozen rain. 
Ha.ll, a large room. 
Haul, to draw by force. 

Hart, an animal. 

Heart, the seat of life. 
Hire, an animal. 
Hair, covering of the head. 

Heel, part of the foot. 

Heal, to cure. 
Here, in this place. 
Hear, to hearken. 

Herd, a drove of cattle. 

Heard, did hear. 
Him, that man. 
Hymn, a sacred song. 

High, elevated. 

Hie, to hasten. 
Hue, a color. 
Hew, to cut. 

I, myself. 

Eye, the organ of sight. 
In, within. 
Inn, a tavern. 

Isle, an island. 

Aisle, walk in a church. 
Kill, to deprive of life. 
Kiln, for burning bricks. 

Lade, to load. 

Laid, placed. 
Lane, a narrow passage . 
Lain, did lie. 

Led, conducted 

Lead, a metal. 
Leek, a kind of onion. 
Leak, to ■run out. 

Lie, an untruth. 

Lye, water drained through ashes. 
Leaf, of a plant. 
Lief, willingly. 

Lone, solitary. 

Loan, something lent. 
Lo, see! behold! 
Low, not high. 

Lea, an inclosed field. 

Lee, opposite wind. 
Lock," to fasten with locks. 
Lough, a lake. 



Made, finished. 

Maid, a woman servant. 
Male, masculine. 
Mail, armor, bag of letters. 

Mane, of a horse. 

Main, the ocean, chief. 
Meed, a reward. 
Mead, a meadow. 

Maze, a winding path. 

Maize, Indian corn. 
Mantle, a kind of cloak. 
Man tel, chimney work. 

Mean, base, to intend. 

Mien, manner. 
Mite, a small insect. 
Might, power. 

Mote, a particle of dust. 

Moat, a ditch. 
Mete, to measure. 
Meet, proper, fit. 
Meat, flesh, food. 

Moan, to lament. 

Mown, cut down. 
More, greater portion. 
Mow er, one who mows. 

Mule, a beast. 

Mewl, to cry as a child. 
Nave, part of awheel. 
Knave, a rogue. 

Naught, bad, wicked. 

Nought, notldng. 
Nay, no. 
Neigh, voice of ahorse. 

Need, leant. 

Knead, to make dough. 
New, not old, fresh. 
Knew, did know. 

Night, time of darkness. 

Knight, title of honor. 
No, word of denial. 
Know, to understand. 

Not, denying. 

Knot, hard place in wood. 
Nun, a female recluse. 
None, not one. 

Our, belonging to us. 

Hour, sixty minutes. 
Oh, alas! 
Owe, to be indebted. 

Ore, a metal unrefined. 

Oar, a paddle. 
Pale, wanting color. 
Pail, a wooden vessel. 

Pane, a square of glass. 

Pain, suffering. 
Pare, to cut off. 
Pair, a couple. 
Pear, a fruit. 

Peace, rest, quiet. 

Piece, apart. 



156- 



Words alike in Sound, 



Peak, the top of any thing. 
Pique, ill will, a grudge. 

Peer, a nobleman. 

Pier, pari of a bridge. 
Plane, a tool. 
Plain, even, or level. 

Plate, a dish, wrought silver. 

Plait, a fold. 
Plum, a fruit. 
Plumb, a leaden weight. 

Pdle, a long stick. 

Poll, the head. 
Pray, to entreat. 
Prey, booty, plunder. 

Quire, of paper. 

Choir, of singers. 
Rain, falling water. 
Reign, to rule. 
Rein, part of a bridle. 

Rap, to strike. 

Wrap, to fold together. 
Raze, to destroy. 
Raise, to set up. 
Rays, light, sunbeams; 

Reed, a plant. 

Read, to peruse a book. 
Reek, to emit steam. 
Wreak, to revenge. 

Rest, to take case. 

Wrest, to take by force. 
Rice, a plant. 
Rise, origin, increase. 

Rite, a ceremony. 

Write, to make letters. 

Right, not wrong, just. 

Wright a workman. 
Ring, a circle, to sound. 
Wring, to twist. 

Rode, did ride. 

Road, a highway. 
Rote, by memory. 
Wrote, did icrite. 

Roe, the eggs of a fish. 

Row, a rank. 
Ruff, a ruffle. 
Rough, not smooth. 

Rye, a sort of grain. 

Wry, crooked. 
Sale, act of selling. 
Sail, of a ship. 

Seen, beheld. 

Scene, part of a play. 

Seine, a net for fish. 
See, to behold. 
Sea, the ocean. 

Seed, of plants. 

Cede, to give up. 
Sere, withered. 
Cere, to wax. 
Sear, to burn. 



Seer, a prophet. 

Seem, to appear. 

Seam, edges joined. 
Sheer, pure, thin. 
Shear, to clip. 
Shire, a county. 

Sine, a Ibie. 

Sign, a token. 
Sink, to go down, a drain. 
Cinque, five on dice. 

Sit, to be seated. 

Cit, a citizen. 
Site, situation. 
Sight, sense of seeing. 
Cite, to summon, to quote 

Slay, to kill. 

Sley, a weaver's reed. 

Sleigh, a kind of carriage 
Slight, to despise, trifling. 
Sleight, dexterity. 

Slue, to turn round. 

Slew, did slay. 
Slow, not swift.. 
Sloe, fruit of the thorn. 

Sole, part of the foot. 

Soul, spirit of man. 
Stake, a post. 
Steak, a piece of flesh. 

Sore, a hurt. 

Soar, to go up. 
So, thus. 

Sow, to scatter seed. 
Sew, to use a needle. 

Stare, to gaze. 

Stair, a step. 
Steel, hardened iron. 
Steal, to take by theft. 

Stile, steps p'vr a fence. 

Style, fashion, language. 
Strait, a narrow passage. 
Straight, not crooked. 

Sum, the whole. 

Some, apart. 
Sun, the source of light. 
Son, a male child. 

Tale, a story. 

Tail, the end of a thing. 
Tare, weight allowed. 
Tear, to rend. 

Teem, to abound. 

Team, of horses, or oxen. 
The, definite article. 
Thee, myself. 

Tear, water of the eye. 

Tier, a row, a rank. 
Terse, smooth, neat. 
Tierce, a measure. 

Threw, did. throw. 

Through, from end to end. 
Throw, to cast 



but different in Signification. 



157 



Throe, extreme agony. 

Throne, seat of a king. 

Thrown, cast,fiung. 
Time, duration. 
Thyme, a plant. 

Too, likewise. 

To, unto. 

Two, twice one. 
Tow, coarse linen. 
Toe, part of the foot. 

Tale, a valley. 

Veil, a covering for the face. 
Vane, a iceathercock. 
Vain, fruitless, mean. 
Vein, a blood-vessel. 

Waste, loss. 

Waist, part of the body. 
Wale, rising part in cloth. 
Wail, to lament. 



Wait, to tarry. 

Weight, heaviness. 
Ware, merchandise. 
W T ear, to consume, to put on. 

Wave, a billow. 

Waive, to put off. 
Way, a road. 
Weigh, to balance. 

Week, seven days. 

Weak, not strong, feeble. 
Wood, the substance of trees. 
Would, was icUling. 

Won , did win. 

One, a single thing. 
Wall, a raised fence. 
Waul, to cry as a cat. 

You, plural of thou. 

Yew, a tree. 



a1' ter, to change. 

Altar, a place for sacrifice. 

An'ker, a measure. 

An chor, of a ship. 
£u' ger, a tool to bore with. 
Au gur, to conjecture. 

As cent',, steepness. 

As sent, agreement. 
Ber' ry, a small fruit. 
Bur y, to inter the dead. 

Bur' row, a hole. 

Bor ough, a town. 
Cal' en dar, a register. 
Cal en der, to dress cloth. 

Can' non, a large gun. 

Can on, a rule. 
Cap' i tal, a chief city. 
Cap i tol, a public edifice. 

Col' lar, for the neck. 

Choi er, anger. 
Com' pli mentj kind words. 
Com pie ment, the full number. 

Col' or, a hue, to paint. 

Cul ler, one who selects. 
Coz'en, to cheat. 
Cous in, a relation. 

Cur' rant, a fruit. 

Cur rent, a stream.. 
Bos' sil, a lump aflint. 
Doc ile, teachable. 

Fel' low, a companion. 

Fel loe, a rim of a wheel. 
FQn'gous, spongy. 
Fun gus, a mushroom. 

Ga.1' ley, a low vessel. 

Gal ly, a printer's case. 
Jn dite', to compose. 
In diet, to impeach. 

14 



LSs' sen, to make less. 

Les son, a task, a precept. 
Mi' ner, one who digs. 
Mi nor, under age. 

Pal' let, a low bed. 

Pal ette, a painter's board. 
Pan' n el, a rustic saddle. 
Pan el, a jury roll. 

Prac' tice, use. 

Prac tise, exercise. 
Prof it, gain. 
Proph et, one who foretells. 

Pam'ice, cinder of a fossil. 

Pom ace, apples ground. 
Rig' ger, one icho rigs. 
Rigor, severity. 

Sail' er, a sailing vessel. 

Sail or, a seaman. 
Sel'ler, one who sells. 
Cel lar, a ground room. 

Sen'ior, older. 

Seign ior, a Turkish ruler. 
Ses' sion, a sitting. 
Ces sion, act of giving. 

Sha green', a sort offish skin. 

Cha grin, ill humor, to vex. 
Sig' net, a seal. 
Cygnet, a young swan. 

Sta' tion a ry, fixed. 

Sta tion e ry, paper, pens, <ye. 
Suck' er, a young shoot. 
Sue cor, relief, aid. 

Trav'ail, labor. 

Trav el, to journey. 
VI' al, a small bottle. 
Vi ol, a musical instrument. 

Weatli' er, stats of the air. 

Weth er, a sheep. 



158 Beading. 

What Honor means. 

1. Henry was a bright little boy, just learning to read. His mother 
usually spent half an hour with him every morning ; sometimes hearing 
him spell out every sentence ; sometimes reading stories to him ; and, at 
others, she taught him to repeat texts from the Bible or simple hymns. 

2. " Come to me, Henry," said his mother to him one day. " You 
may put away your blocks and little wagon first" 

3. " Yes, mother," said the little boy ; and he hastily gathered up the 
blocks in his apron, and tumbled them into a large basket. " When I 
obey quick, then I 'm a good boy." 

4. " Yes, my dear. — I can't read you a story to-day ; I have a text for 
you to learn." 

5. " But, mother, I had rather hear a story. Aunt Mary always tells 
me stories, when I want her to. I love to hear stories : why can't you 
tell me one ? " 

6. " I think it best to have you learn a verse to-day," replied his mother. 

7. Henry, who had never been allowed to tease, had nothing more to 
say. He repeated pleasantly the verse given him, which was, — " Honor 
thy father and thy mother." 

8. " But what does honor mean 1 " said he, after repeating it once or 
twice. 

9. " I will tell you when you honor your mother, and then you will 
understand what it means. If I asked you to go down stairs, and get my 
thimble, that I left on the table, and you should pleasantly leave your 
play, and run and get it, you would honor me." 

10. " Did I honor you when I picked up my blocks quick, and put them 
away, when you told me 1 " 

11. "Yes, Henry: so you see, that to obey is one thing that honor 
means. But honor means something move. Do you remember Mr. 
Williams, the man who made your shoes ? " 

12. " Yes, mother ; he measured my foot with a stick." 

13. Well, Mr. Williams is a poor man, but he honors his mother. He 
was a little boy once, and his mother took care of him, just as your mother 
takes care of you. Now he is a tall man. His mother is old and feeble. 
She is blind, but her son is very kind to her. 

14. " He gives her her clothes, and gets a good breakfast, and dinner, 
and supper, for her every day. On Sundays, he leads her to meeting, 
because she cannot see. He tries to do all he can to make her happy. 

15. "Now, God wants you and all children to honor their fathers and 
mothers, by being grateful to them for their kindness, and by treating 
them with respect and affection." 



Spelling. 



159 



Words which are often used for each other, but ivhich dif- 
fer in Spelling, Pronunciation, and Signification. 



Ac cept', to take. 
Ex cept, not to take. 

Ant, a small insect. 

Aunt, uncle's ivife. 
Ap prize', to give notice. 
Ap praise, to fix the value. 

Bran, chaff. 

Brand, burning ivood. 
Bust, head and shoulders. 
Burst, to break. 

Coun'cil, an 

Coun sel, advice. 
Di§ ea§e', sickness. 
De cease, death. 



7 
Gen'ius, mental powers. 

Ge nus, kind, or sort. 

Loose, to untie. 

Lo§e, to suffer loss. 
Of (ov), concerning. 
Off, at a distance. 

Prin'ci pal, chief. 

Prin ci pie, element. 
Pint, four gills. 
Point, a sharp end. 

Set, to place. 

Sit, to be seated. 
Back, torture. 
Wreck, a shattered vessel. 



Words spelled alike, but differing in Accent, Pronun- 
ciation, or Meaning. 

A. buse', ill treatment. Desert, a wilderness. 

A bu§e, to treat rudely. De §ert', to forsake. 

Xc'cent, force of voice. Xn'sult, an affront. 

Ac cent' , to place the accent In stilt', to affront. 
Au'gust, name of a month. Mm'ute, sixty seconds. 
Au gust', splendid. Mi nute', small. 



Close, compact. 

Clo§e, to unite. 
Con'tract, an agreement. 
Con tract', to bargain. 

Con'test, a dispute. 

Con test', to contend. 
Coiir'te sy, civility, respect. 
Coiirte'sy, act of respect. 



Present, a gift. 

Pre §ent', to give. 
Rec'orcl, a register. 
Be cord', to register. 

Rise, increase, ascent. 

Bi§e, to ascend. 
In val'id, of no force. 
In va lid', a disabled person. 



160 


Proper Names. 






Names of Men. 

1. - 
E'nocn 




A'bram 


Lu'ther 


Abel 


I ra 


Ly man 


A mos 


I saac 


Mo §es* 


A sa 


Ja bez 


Na than 


A saph 


Ja cob 


Pe ter 


Be la 


Ja red 


Reu ben 


Caleb 


Jo nas 


Si las 


Cy rus 


Jo §eph 


Si mon 


Da vid 


Hi ram 


Titus 


E nos 


Le vi 

2. 
fid ward 


Za doc 


Ab'ner 


Sam son 


Al bert 


Eg bert 


Sal mon 


Al fred 


Fran cis 


TAom as 


Al vin 


Fes tus 


Will iam 


An drew 


Hor ace 


Wal ter 


Brad ford 


Jes se 


Mar tin 


Cal vin 


Nym phas 


Ar thnr 


Ed gar 


Phil ip 


Her bert 


Ed mund 


Rich ard 


Mor gan 


Ed win 


Bob ert 

3. 
Fred'er ic 


Lew is 


A'bra ham 


Smi'e on 


A ri el 


Ga bri el 


Nich o las 


E phra im 


Greg o ry 


01 i ver 


Ar chi bald 


Gid e on 


Tim o thy 


Ar te mas 


I§ ra el 


El ka nah 


Bar na bas 


Josh u a 


Zeb u Ion 


Am a sa 


Jon a than 


The o dore 


An t/io ny 


Lem it el 


Ju li lis 


Ben ja mm 


Sam u el 


Phin e as 


£hrist o pher 


Sol o mon 


Dan i el 





Proper Names. 




Al phe'us 


4. 
Cor ne'li us 


fib en e'zer 


Thad de us 


E'ze ki el 


Hez e Id ah 


Da ri us 


E li a 1dm 


Zed e ki ah 


Syl va nus 


Na than i el 


Jer e mi ah 


A bi el 


G-a ma li el 


Zach a ri ah 


E li as 


Ti mo the us 


O ba di ah 


E li sha 


The oph i lus 


Ke he mi ah 


A pol los 


E liph a let 


E le a zer 


Syl ves ter 


Bar thol o mew 


Al ex an der 




Names of Women, 
■t 


Di'nah " 


Al'ice 


Nan'cy 


Ju dith 


An nis 


Pol ly 


Ei nice 


Dor eas 


Phil lis 


Plie be 


£st/i er 


01 ive 


Ra chel 


Ellen 


Sally 


Bho da 


Fran ces 


Mar tha 


Sa rah 


Han nah 


Pat ty 


Su san 


Hel len 


Bet sy 


£hloe 


Hul dah 

2. 
Har'ri et 


Lau ra 


Xb'i gail 


Pris cil'la 


As e nath 


Tab i tha 


Cla ris sa 


Cath a line 


Mar ga ret 


Sa 16" me 


Car o line 


Is a bel 


El mi ra 


Ad a line 


Lii ci a 


Eliza 


Em e line 


A man'da 


Ma ri a 


Deb o rah 


Mi ran da 


So phi a 


De li a 


Lu cin da 


Lu ere tia 


Dor o thy 


Be lin da 


Lou i sa 


Lyd i a 


Me lin da 


Elizabeth 


Em i ly 


Re bee ca 


La vin i a 


El ea nor 


Su san na 


Hen ri gt'ta 



161 



14* 



162 Reading. 



The Orphan. 

i. 
I saw a little lamb to-day, 

It was not very old ; 
Close by its mother's side it lay, 

So soft within the fold : 
It felt no sorrow, pain, or fear, 
While such a comforter was near. 

2-, 
Sweet little lamb, you cannot know 

What blessings I have lost ; 
Were you like me, what could you do, 

Amid the wintry frost ! 
My clothes are thin, my food is poor, 
And I must beg from door to door. 

3. 

I had a mother once, like you, 

To keep me by her side : 
She cherished me, and loved me too, — 

But soon, alas ! she died. 
Now, sorrowful and full of care, 
I 'm lone and weary everywhere. 

4. 
I must not weep, and break my heart, 

They tell me not to grieve ; 
Sometimes I wish I could depart, 

And find a peaceful grave : 
They say such sorrows never come 
To those who slumber in the tomb. 

5. 
'T was thus a little orphan sung, 

Her lonely heart to cheer : 
Before she wandered very long, 

She found a Savior near : 
He bade her seek his smiling face, 
And find in heaven a resting place. 



United States, and Seats of Government. 163 



New 
England 

or 
Eastern 
States. 



Middle 
States. 



Southern 
States. 



Western 
States. 



' Maine Au gus ta. 

New Hampshire .... Con'cord. 

Ver mont' Mont pel'ier. 

Mas sa chu'setts .... Bos'ton. 

' D , -i f 1; 3 ( Prov'i dence. 

Khode Id'and. . . . j NeW , p5rt _ 

«, w w ~ A ( Hart'ford. 

Connecticut. . . . ¥ _ Vj-r 

( -New Ha'veu. 

New York' Al'ba ny. 

New Jersey Tren'ton. 

Penn syl va/ni a . . . . Har'ris biirg. 

Del'a ware Do'ver. 

r Ma'ry land . : . . . An nap'o lis. 

Vir gm'i a Rich'mond. 

North Car o li'na . „ . Ra/leigh. 
South Car o li'na ... Co lum'bi a. 

Geor'gi a Mil'ledge ville. 

Al a ba'ma ...... Tiis ca 166'sa. 

Mis sis srp'pi Jack'son. 

Lou i §i a/na New Or'le an§. 

Flor'j da .' Tal la has'se'e. 

Tex'as Aus'tin.^" 

Ten'nes see Nash'ville. 

Ken tuck'y Frank'fort. 

hi'o Co lum'bus. 

In di an'a In dian ap'o lis. 

II li nois' Sprmg'field. 

Mis sou'ri Jeffer son. 

Mich'i gan . . . . . . De troit'*. 

Ar kan sas' Little Rock. 

1 ow'a I ow'a Cit'y. 



District. — Co lum'bi a . . . 
Territories. — Mis sou'ri. 



Or e gon. 



Wash'ing ton. 
Ind'ian. 



164 



Proper Names. 





Selected from 


the New Tests 
1. 
Ro'mans 


menl 




Ja/son 


Ca/na 




V 

Ste'phen 


Si don 


Ba lak 


Ra hab 




Ath ens 


Ce dron 


Cae sar 


Ra ma 




Ru fus 


Pa phos 


Ce phas 


Sy char 




■ Je sus' 


Chi os 


Ju das 


Ca naan 




Tar sus 


Sa mos 


He brew 


Ba laam 

9 i 




Cor inth 


A'dri a 


Eph'e siis 


£• sh 

Lu'ci us 




Phar'i sees. 


Ca ri a 


Laz a rus 


A si a 




Syr a cuse 


Ne re us 


Gal i lee 


Ly si a 




Naz a r.eth 


Pro te us 


Sad du cee 


=; My si a 




Bab y Ion - 


Na a man 


Gal li o 


Ponti us 




Sil o am 


Ju pi ter 


Ap pi i 


Ter ti us 
3. 




Gol go tha 


Ga la/tians 


Ci li"c 


E raan'u el 


E phe sians 


Co los' 


si ans 


Eu 


roc ly don 


Ba rab bas 


Co rin 


thi ans 


Sa mar i tans. 


Jo an na 


A the 


ni an§ 


Is car i ot 


Ar chip pus 


He ro 


di ans 


Ca 


per na um 


Au gus tus 


Je ru sa lem 


Beth sa i da 



The Old and Neiv Testaments. 

1. The Bible is divided into the Old Testament and 
the New Testament. The word Testament means ivill. 
These Testaments contain God's will, — what God chooses 
his creatures should do. 

2. The first part of the Bible is called the Old Testa- 
ment, because it was written first. The New Testament 
is called New, because it was written last. 

3. The Old Testament was written in the Hebrew 
language. It is the history of the people once called 
Hebrews : they have since been called Jews. 

4. The New Testament was written in the Greek Ian- 



The Old and New Testaments. 165 

guage. The first four books of the New Testament are 
Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. These books are some- 
times called Gospels. They are four histories of Jesus 
Christ ; they were written by four good men who loved 
Christ. 

5. Besides these Gospels, the New Testament contains 
the Epistles and the Revelation. 

6. Children see Romans, Corinthians, Ephesians, writ- 
ten over the top of the pages of the New Testament. They 
see, also, James, Peter, Jude. Romans, Corinthians, and 
Ephesians, mean the Letters of Saint Paul to the people who 
lived at Rome, at Corinth, and at Ephesus. James, Jude, 
Peter, mean Letters written by James, Jude, and Peter. 

7. We read in the New Testament of the Temple, the 
Synagogue, Scribes, and Pharisees : young children do not 
know what these words mean. 

8. The temple was a very great and beautiful church ; 
it was built by king Solomon. 

9. Synagogues were smaller churches, where the minis- 
ters taught the people. 

10. There are, at this time, different sorts, or sects, 
of Christians ; — there are Presbyterians, Episcopalians, 
Baptists, and Methodists. There were, in the time of our 
Savior, different sects of Jews. The Pharisees were one 
sect of Jews. The Pharisees pretended to be better than 
other people : they pretended to be better than they were. 
This is to be a hypocrite. 

11. Before printed books were used, people had no other 
books than those which were written with a pen. The people 
who wrote the books were called scribes or ivriters. Books 
were first printed a little more than four hundred years 
ago. Before that time, Bibles were very scarce ; and none 
but the rich could afford to buy one. Now they cost but 
little ; and every child that can read may have a Bible or 
a New Testament. 



166 



Figures and Numbers. 



One 
Two 



Three 3 



Four 4 

Five 5 

Six 6 

Seven 7 

Eight .8 

Nine 9 

Ten 10 

Eleven 11 

Twelve .- • 12 

Thirteen 13 

Fourteen 14 

Fifteen 15 

Sixteen 16 

Seventeen • • ■ • 17 

Eighteen 18 

Nineteen 19 

Twenty 20 

Twenty-one • • • 21 



• • -I. 

• II. 

• III. 
•IV. 

• V. 
•VI. 
YII. 

Till. 

IX. 

• X. 

XI. 

XII. 

• XIII. 

• XIV. 

■ • • XV. 

■ ■ XVI. 
XVII. 

XVIII. 

• XIX. 
■ • XX. 

XXI. 



Twenty-two • 
Twenty-three 
Twenty-five 

Thirty 

Thirty-one • 
Forty • 
Fifty • • 
Sixty • • 
Seventy 
Eighty • 
Ninety 
One hundred 
Two hundred 
Three hundred 
Four hundred 
Five hundred- 
Six hundred- • 
Seven hundred 
Eight hundred 
Nine hundred 
One thousand- 



22 

23 

25 

30 

31 

40 

50 

60 

70- 

80 

90 

100 

200 

300 

400 

500 

300 

700 

800 

900 

1000 



-•xxn. 

- ■ XXIII. 

• xxv. 
...xxx. 

• • XXXI. 

XL. 

. . : . . • L. 
LX. 

• • • LXX. 

• LXXX. 

XC. 

C. 

CC. 

• • • CCC. 

• • cccc. 

D. 

DC. 

••• DCC. 
•DCCC. 
DCCCC. 
M. 



One Thousand Eight hundred and Thirty-five, 1835. 
MDCCCXXXV. 



Names of the Months, with the number of Days in each. 



( March 

Spring, ■< April • 

(May • 



5 June 30 
July 31 
August 31 



31 ( September 30 

30 Autumn, 1 October 31 

31 (November 30 

J December • • • • 31 
January 31 
February 28 



THE LORD'S PRAYER. 

Our Father, who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name ; thy 
kingdom come ; thy will be done on earth, as it is in heaven. Give 
us this day our daily bread ; and forgive us our trespasses, as we 
forgive those who trespass against us ; and lead us not into temp- 
tation, but deliver us from evil. For thine is the kingdom, and 
the power, and the glory, forever. Amen. 



Abbreviations. 



167 



An abbreviation is a part of a word, which, for want of room, or to save 
time, is written instead of the whole. In some abbreviations we use only 
the first letters, as N. for North; N. W. for North- West. Sometimes we 
take the first letter and the last, as Vt. for Vermont. Sometimes we write 
the first syllable of a word, Chap, for Chapter; and sometimes we take 
parts of words in some other language, as Id. for Idem, — a Latin word 
which signifies tlie same. 



Gen. Genesis. 
Ex. Exodus. 
Lev. Leviticus. 
Numb. Numbers. 
Deut. Deuteronomy. 
Sam. Samuel. 
Chron. Chronicles. 
Ez. Ezra. 
Ps. Psalms. 
Prov. Proverbs. 
Eccl. Ecclesiastes. 
Isa. Isaiah. 
Jer. Jeremiah. 
Lam. Lamentations. 
Ezek. EzeUel. 

Jan. January. 
Feb. February. 
Apr. April. 
Aug. August. 
Sept. September. 
Oct. October. 
Nov. November. 
Dec. December. 

Me. Maine. 
N. H. New Hampshire. 
Vt. Vermont. 
Mass. Massachusetts. 
' R. I. Rhode Lsland. 
Conn, or Ct. Connecticut. 
N. Y. New York. 
N. J. iVew Jersey. 
Pa. Pennsylvania. 



I. 

Dan. Daniel. 

IIos. Ilosea. 

Zeph. Zephaniah. 

Mat. Matthew. 

Horn. Romans. 

Cor. Corinthians. 

Gal. Galatians. 

Eph. Ephesians. 

Phil. Philippians. 

Col. Colosslans. 

Thes. Thessalonlans. 

Tim. Timothy. 

Heb. Hebrews. 

Pet. Peter. 

Rev. Revelation. 
2. 

N. AortA. 

S. South. 

E. £as/. 

W. Wetf. 

N. E. North-East. 

N. W. xVortA- 17e^. 

S. E. South-East. 

S. W. Sow^-TFes*. 
3. 

Del. Delaware. 
Md. Maryland. 
Va. Virginia. 
N. C. ATortA Carolina. 
S. C. >Sbu£A Carolina. 
Ga. Georgia. 
Ala. Alabama. 
Miss. Mississippi. 
La. Louisiana. 



168 



Abbreviations. 



Ten. Tennessee. 
Ken. Kentucky. 
O. Ohio. 



N. A. North America. 

S. A. >Sbu?7i America. 

XJ. S. United States. 

K E. New England. 

Mich. Michigan. 

D. C. District of Columbia. 

Ark. Arkansas. 

Flor. F/or/c/a. 

Can. Canada. 

U. C. Upper Canada. 

Abp. Archbishop. 
Att'y. Attorney. 
Bart. Baronet. 
Capt. Captain. 
Col. Colonel. 
Com. Commodore. 
Const. Constable. 
Dea. Deacon. 
Dept. Deputy; 
Dr. Doctor or Debtor. 
Esq. Esquire. 
Gen. General. 



Pres. President. 
Prof. Professor. 
Regr. Register. 
Rep. Representative. 
Rev. Reverend. 
Sen. Senator. 
Serv. Servant. 



A. or Ans. Answer. 
Acct. Account. 
Bbl. i3o?Te/. 



Ind. Indiana. 
111. Illinois, 
Mo. Missouri. 

4. 

L. C. Lower Canada. 
N. B- iVew Brunswick. 
N. S. iVbua /Scoria. 
G. B. Crrea* Britain. 
Eng. England. 
Scot. Scotland. 
Lond. London. 
Phila. Philadelphia. 
Bait. Baltimore. 
N. O. iVew Orleans. 

5. 

Gent. Gentleman. 
Gov. Governor. 
Hon. Honorable. 
Jun. or Jr. Junior. 
Kt. Knight. 
Ld. Pore?. 
Lieut. Lieutenant. 
Maj. Major. 
Mr. Master or Mister. 
Mrs. Mistress or Missis. 
P. M. Pos* Mzster. 
St. Saint. 

6. 

Chas. Charles. 
Geo. George. 
Jas. James. 
Jno. Jo7m. 
Jona. Jonathan. 
Theo. Theophilus. 
Win. William. 

7. 

B. C. Pe/ore Cftris*. 
Bp. Bishop. 

C. or Cent. ^4 hundred. 



Abbreviations. 



169 



C. C. P. Court of Common Pleas. 

Co. Company. 

Com. Commissioner. 

Cr. Credit. 

C. S. Court of Sessions. 

Cwt. Hundred weight. 

Cts. Cents. 

Do. or Ditto, The same. 

Ep. Epistle. 

Ed. Edition or Editor. 

Ex. Example. 

Exr. Executor. 

Fol. PoZ/o. 

Hund. Hundred. 

Hhd. Hogshead. 

lb. or Ibid. TAe scwze. 



d. a penny. 

dwt. pennyweight. 

dr. dram. 

grs. grains. 

i. e. £/ia£ is. 

lb. a pound in weight. 

£ a pound in money. 

p. pa#e. 

pp. pages. 

oz. ounce. 



Id. T%e same. 

Km. Kingdom. 

Messrs. Gentlemen or &Vs. 

MS. Manuscript. 

MSS. Manuscripts. 

Lat. Latitude. 

Lon. Longitude. 

Math. Mathematics. 

No. Number. 

N. S. iVew iSityte. 

O. S. Ota %Ze. 

O. T. Ota Testament. 

N. T. iVew Testament. 

Pari. Parliament. 

P. O. Posi 0/?toe. 

S. J. C. Supreme Judicial Court. 



8. 



q. farthing. 

q. s. a sufficient quantity. 

qr. quarter of a cwt. 

qt. (/wan;. 

pt. j>?m£. 

s. shilling. 

v. or ver. verse. 

v. or vi'de, see. 

viz. to wnY or namely. 

yd. yarrf. 



A. B. Bachelor of Arts. 

A. D. in $e year of our Lord. 

A.M. Mister of Arts. 

A. M. in fAe year q/" ^e world. 

A.M. Before noon. 

A. C. Before Christ. 

B. D. Bachelor of Divinity. 
T>. D. Doctor of Divinity. 
G. R. George the King. 
LL. D. Doctor of Laws. 

L. S. 2^e PZace o/*fo? SeaZ. 
15 



M.D. Doctor of Physic. 

N. B. Ta/ce notice. 

Per cent. .By $e hundred. 

Philom. Lover of learning. 

P. M. Afternoon. 

R. i£m<7. 

S. T. D. Doctor of Divinity. 

S. T. P. Professor of Divinity. 

ss. Tb zu/7 or namely. 

ult. 27*e tasf. 

&c. ^4rcd so forth. 



170 



Quotations from Latin-. 



Quotations from the Latin Language explained. 



Ad libl-tum, at pleasure. 
Ad in-fin-i'tum, without limit. 
Ad va-lo'rem, according to 

value. 
A for-ti-o'ri, for stronger 

reasons. 
A'li-as, otherwise. 
Al'ma ma'ter, university. 
An'gli-ce, in English. 
A pos-te-ri-o'rl, from effect 

to cause. 
A pri-oli, from cause to 

effect. 
Ar-ca'na, secrets. 
Bo'na fide, in' good faith. 
Com'pos nien'tis, of sane 

mind. 
Con a-mole, with love. 
De no'vo, anew. 
Del gra'ti-a, by the grace 

of God.' ' 
De jule, by right. 
Drain' a-tis per-so'nae, char- 
acters represented. 
Ec'ce ho'mo, behold the man. 
E plu'ri-biis u'num, one of 

many. 
fir-ra/ta, errors. 
Ex of-fi"ci-o, officially. 
fix parle, on one side. 
Ex post fac'to, done after- 

ivards. 



Fac sim'i-le, close imitation. 

Fi'nis, end. 

For'ti-ter in ■ re, firm in ac- 
tion. 

Gra'tis, for nothing. 

Ha/be-as cor'pus, you may 
have the body. 

Hie ja'cet, here he lies. 

In lo'co, in the proper place. 

In stat'u quo, in the former 
state. 

In to'to, in the whole. 

Ip'se dixit, he said it. 

Ip'so fac'to, by the fact it- 
self. 

I'teni, also, liheivise. 

Ju're di-vi'no, by divine right 

Mag'na £har'ta, the great 
Charter. 

Malum in se, an evil in 
itself. 

Me-men'to nio'ri, forget not 
. death. 

Murium in par'vo, much in 
a little. 

Ne plus ul'tra, nothing be- 
yond. 

Nolens volens, ivilling or 
not. 

Per an'nurn, by the year. 

Per di'em, by the day. 

Per se, alone or by itself. 



Quotations from French. 



171 



Pro St con, for and against. 

Pro bo'no pub'li-co, for the 
public good. 

Pro for'ma, /or /orm's sake. 

Pro iem.'])q-re, for 'the time. 

Quon'dam, former. 

Quan'tuni suffi-cit, a suffi- 
cient quantity. 

Quid nunc ? wAa£ wow f 

Sanc'tuni sanc-to'rum, the 
holy of holies. 

Se-cun'dum ar'tem, accord- 
ing to art. 

Si'ne dii'e, no day agreed 
upon, without day. 

Si'ne qua non, indispensa- 
ble requisite. 

Sub ro'sa, privately. 



Su'i gen'e-ris, of a peculiar 

land. 
Sum'mum bo'nmn, greatest 

good. 
Te De'um, a hymn of praise. 
U'na vo'ce, unanimously. 
U'ti-le diil'ci, useful with 

agreeable. 
Ul-ti-ma'tuni, the last offer. 
Ye'to, a prohibition. 
Ver-ba'tim, word for word, 
Yer'sus, against. 
Yi'a, by the way of. 
Yl'ce, in the room of. 
Yi'ce ver'sa, the reverse. 
Yi'va vo'ce, with the living 

voice. 



Quotations from the French Language explained. 



Am a teur', an admirer. 

Xp-ro-pcV, to the purpose. 

Bag-a-telle', trifle. 

Beau (bo), a man of fash- 
ion, a fop. 

Beau monde, the gay world. 

Belles-let'tres, polite learn- 
ing. 

Bil-le£-d6ua/, love letter. 

Bon-moi', a jest. 

Bon-ton' (bon-tong) ^fashion. 

B6u-doir' (bcklwbY) , a small 
private apartment. 



Cap a pie, from head to foot. 

Carte-blanche', uncondition- 
al terms. 

Chef-d'oeu'vre, (she-do vr), 
masterpiece. 

Ci-de-yant (se-de-vong'), 
formerly. 

Gftup de grace', finishing 
stroke. 

G§up de main', sudden en- 
terprise. 

Coup d'osil (c6 dal'), a 
glance. 



172 



Quotations from French. 



De-bu^, beginning. 

Dern-iei / res-sort' (deni- 
er ar), last resort. 

De-po?, store or magazine. 

Pou-ceuY, a present. 

Ec-la£', splendor, show. 

En masse (ong-nias'), in a 
mass. 

En-nui (on-we'), tiresome- 
ness. 

Eaux pas (fo pa) , false step. 

Jeii de mots (zhu), play 
upon words. 

Jeu d'es-pri£, play of wit. 

L' ar-gent (lar-zhong'), mo- 
ney. 

Me-lange' ? a mixture. 



Non-cha-lance', indifference. 
Outre (chi-tra,'), absurd. 
Per-diie', lost. 
Pet'i£ niai'tre, a fop. 
Pro-te-ge' (pro-te-zha') , a 

person protected. 
Rouge (rozh), red paint. 
Sang froid (sang frwa), 

coolness. 
San§ ? without. 
Sa-van£', a learned man. 
Tete a tete (tat-a-tat) ? /«^ 

to face. 
U-nique', singular. 
Val-e£ de chambre (varle 

de shambr'), a footman 

or. valet. 



PEESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. 



George Washington 1 789. 

John Adams 1797. 

Thomas Jefferson 1801. 

James Madison 1809. 

James Munroe • 181 7. 

John Quinct Adams 1825. 

Andrew Jackson 1829. 

Martin Van Buren 183 7. 

William Henry Harrison (died in office) 1841. 

John Tyler 1841. 

James K. Polk • 1845. 







ORTHOGRAPHY. 



Orthography teaches the nature and power of letters, and the method 
of combining them in syllables according to common usage. 

Letters are marks, or characters, representing sounds of the human 
voice. 

The letters of a language, taken together, are called its Alphabet. The 
word alphabet is derived from the first two of the Greek letters, Alpha and 
Beta. The Greeks took them from the Hebrew, Aleph and Beth. 

The English alphabet consists of twenty-six letters. 

[For definitions of vowels and consonants, and of syllables, diphthongs, 
and triphthongs, see pages 124, 147. For sounds of the vowels and con- 
sonants, see the * Key," page 8, and the table for exercises in articulation, 
page 15. To the last paragraph, on page 16, it was intended to add the 
following: — " The full or long sound of o should be preserved in this 
class of words.''] 

The correct pronunciation of words is called Or'tho-e-py. 

X, at the beginning of words, sounds like z; as, Xerxes, pronounced 
Zerxes. 

C, in a few words, sounds like z ; as, suffice, pronounced suffize. 

WORDS. 

A primitive word is not derived from any other word or words in the 
language ; as, mill, care, able. 

A derivative word is formed from a primitive word by some change 
or addition ; as, miller, care/ess, unable, ably. 

A simple word is not formed by uniting other words ; as, rail, hand. 

A compound word is formed by joining two or more words ; as, rail- 
road, hand-book, common-place-book. 

SPELLING. 

Spelling is the art of expressing words by such letters as common usage 
sanctions. Many words admit of two or more different ways of spelling. 
See Worcester's " Comprehensive Dictionary," page 253, &c. 

Prevailing usage is to be learned by observing the practice of the stand- 
ard authors of the present day, and by consulting those dictionaries that 
are commonly received as authority for correct spelling. 

PvULES FOR SPELLING. 
Rule I. — A single final consonant after a single vowel is doubled in 
wards of one syllable, and in words accented on the last syllable, when 
another syllable beginning with a vowel is added; as, tan, tan'ner,tan'ning, 
tanned; rob, rob' her, rob'bing, robbed; wed, wed 'ding, wccl 'dest, iced' 'ded ; refer', 
referring, refer' rest, referred' ; begin', begin 'ner, begin' ning, begin 'neth ; commit', 
commit' tee, committing, commit'ied. 
15* 



174 



Rules for Spelling. 



The final consonant is not doubled. -» 

1. When it is preceded by a diphthong ; as, bait, bait 1 ing, bait 'eel ; seem, 
seem' ing, seemed ; poor, poor' 'er, poor 'est ; defraud', defraud' ing, defraud' ed. 

2. When it is preceded by another consonant; as, plant, plant'ing, 
plant' ed ,- exact', exact' ing, exact' ed ; disturb', disturb' er, disturbing, disturbed'. 

3. When the accent is not on the last syllable ; as, differ, differing, 
differed; mer'it, mer'iting, mer'ited ; ben' efit, benefiting, ben'eftedj.gar'dm, 
gar'dener, gar'dening. 

The usage, in respect to words ending in I, is not settled. In many 
words, though not accented on the last syllable, I is doubled by most 
writers of the present day ; as, trav'cl, traveller ; coun'sel, coun'sellor. 
According to general usage, kidnap and worship double the final letter ; as, 
kidnapped, worshipped. 

The letter x is never doubled ; as, wax, waxen ; tax, taxed. 

When the additional syllable changes the accent, the final consonant is 
not doubled ; as, confer', conference ; refer', reference, referee'. The word 
excellence is an exception. 

Rule II. — Words ending with a silent e, generally drop the e, on 
taking another syllable beginning with a vowel ; as, waste, wast' ing ; 
love, lov' ing ; prude, prud'ish; r ate, r a' table ; praise, prais 'er ; dense, den' sity ; 
see, se'er, se'eth ; wise, wis'er, wis' est. 

The letter e is retained. — 

1. After c and g, when it is necessary to preserve their soft sound; as, 
peace, peaceable ; change, changeable ; courage, courageous ; singe, singeing ; 
service, serviceable. The e is retained in agreeable, disagreeable. 

2. On taking another syllable beginning with a consonant ; as, large, 
largely ; care, careful ; excite, excitement ; agree, agreement ; safe, safety ; 
pale, paleness. 

Exceptions. — Judgment, lodgment, argument, abridgment, acknowledg- 
ment, duly, truly, wholly, awful, woful. 

3. On adding ing in the following words, — shoe, hoe, toe, dye ; as, slwe- 
ing, hoeing, toeing, dyeing. 

In the words — die, tie, lie, vie — e is dropped, and i changed to y, on 
adding ing ; as, dying, tying, lying, vying. 

Rule III. — Words ending in f I, or s, after a single vowel, double 
the final consonants ; .as, stuff, buff ball, fill, glass, moss ; exept, if, of, as, 
is, has, his, ivas, gas, yes, this, us, thus. 

Other final letters are not doubled ; as, tub, bad, log, hejn,man, map, war, 
hat, Sec. ; except, add, ebb, egg, err, inn, odd, buzz. 

Rule IV. — Words ending in y, after a consonant, change it into i, on 
taking another syllable; as, happy, happily, happiness; merry, merrily, 
merriment; pity, pitiful, pitiless ; holy, holier, holiest; glory, glorious, glorify, 
glorified ; justify, justifier, justified, justijieth, justifies ; try, tried, trier, 
tries. 

Yk not changed, — 

1. T "hcu it is preceded by a vowel ; as, boy, boys; play, plays, played; 
obey, obeys, obeyeth, obeyed ; valley, valleys ; turkey, turkeys ; except in pay, 
paid; lay, laid ; say, said, saith; day, daily. 



Mules for Spelling. . * 175 

2. When ing is added ; as, dry, drying ; defy, defying ; multiply, mul- 
tiplying. 

3. When an apostrophe and the letter s are added; as, lady, ladys; — 
enemy, enemy's. 

Rule V. — Words ending in double consonants, retain both, on taking 
another syllable ; as, bliss, blissful ; helpless, helplessness; stiff, stiffly. 

The following words are exceptions : — bell, belfrey ; chill, chilness ; skill, 
skilful; loill, wilful; full, fulfil; roll, enrolment; dull, dulness ; fid, fulness, 
fulsome ; bull, bulwark. 

Rule VI. — The plural of nouns is generally formed by adding s to 
the singular ; as, book, books ; dove, doves ; coward, cowards ; monarch, 
monarchs. 

When the singular number ends in x, ss, sh, ch (as in church), es is 
added to form the plural; as, box, boxes; class, classes; wish, wislies ; 
church, churches. 

Nouns that end in y, after a consonant, change y into i, and add es to 
form the plural ; as enemy, enemies ; family, families. 

Nouns ending in o, after a consonant, add es to form the plural ; as, 
cargo, cargoes ; potato, potatoes ; buffalo, buffaloes ; except canto, cento, 
grotto, junto, memento, portico, rotundo, salvo, solo, tyro, duodecimo, octavo, 
quarto, and a few others, which add s only ; as, cantos, grottos, Sec. Nouns 
ending in o, after a vowel, add s only to form the plural, — embryo, embryos; 
studio, studios; folio, folios ; cuckoo, cuclcoos ; cameo, cameos. 

Several nouns ending in /or fe form their plurals by changing /or fe 
to ves; as, half, halves ; loaf loaves ; life, lives ; shelf shelves; knife, knives; 
sheaf sheaves. Others, as chief fife, grief gulf, hoof proof safe, scarf, strife, 
surf turf, and most of those ending inff form their plurals by adding s; 
as, chief chiefs ; stuff, stuffs, Sec. Staff has staves in the plural, and wharf 
has wharves, according to American usage, but the English use wharfs. 

Rule VTI. — Compound words generally retain the spelling of the 
words of which they are composed ; as, herein, whereof, ice-house. One e is 
dropped in wherever, and words ending in II often drop one I ; as, already, 
almost, withal, until. 

Note. — In the termination ed, it is usual to say that d only is added, 
when the word ends in e ; but we may consider the e as dropped, and ed 
added, according to Rule II.; as, waste, wast'ed; decide, decid' ed ; love, 
lov'ed ; accrue, accru'ed. 

When the termination ed follows p, k, f c soft, s, th sharp, sh, ch, and x, 
it sounds like t ; as, whipped, picked, chafed, laced, ceased, earthed, wished, 
touched, taxed. The d, in words of other* terminations, except d and t, is 
joined to the last consonant, and the e is silent ; as, robed, caged, filled, 
charmed, fanned, barred, showed, gazed, raved, breathed. 

The ed forms a syllable when added to words ending in d or t ; as, 
mend'ed, plant 1 ed. 

The words learned, blessed, beloved, See. when used as adjectives, are pro- 
nounced, learn' ed, bless' ed, belov'ed; as, a learn' ed man; the bless' ed Savior ; 
the belov'ed apostle. 



176 



Derivation. 



DERIVATION. 

PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES. 

In order to understand the structure of our language, it is important to 
learn the meaning of the initials and terminations of derivative words, or 
the meaning of their prefixes and suffixes. 

A Prefix is a letter, syllable, or word, placed at the beginning of some 
other word, to change or modify its meaning ; as, holy, unholy ; rule, mis- 
rule; fix, prefix. 

A Suffix or Affix is a letter or letters, sjdlable or syllables, placed 
at the end of other words to change and modify their meaning ; as rule, 
ruler ; hard, harden, hardly, hardship ; favor, favorite, favoritism. 
The following are some of the most common Prefixes. 

1. English Prefixes. — A, be, mis, tin. 

A signifies on, in, to, or at; as, ashore, asleep, aground, afar. 
Be signifies upon, over, or to make ; as, oesprinkle, fcedaub, oeealm. 
Mis signifies ill, or wrong ; as, mismanage, mistake, misdeed. 
Un signifies not; as, wnable, ifnjust, twiclean, wnmoved. 

2. Latin Prefixes. — A, ah, or abs, signifies from ; as, avert, absolve, 
abstract. 

Ad signifies to or at ; as, adjoin, adverb. This prefix and some others 
change the last letter to that with which the primitive word begins ; as, 
accord, a/firm, aogrieve, a/mex, a/lude, append, assign, &c. 

Ante signifies before ; as, antedate, antechamber, antediluvian. 

Circum signifies around ; as, circn?nscribe, circumnavigate. 

Con, and the forms it takes, signifies together, or with ; as, confirm, coexist, 
compress, collect, commix, corrupt. 

Contra, or counter, signifies against ; as, contradict, countermand. 

De signifies down ox from ; as, depend, depart, debar, debark. 

Dis, di, or difi signifies separation, out, not, or to take away ; as, dissolve, 
displace, dissever, discourtesy, diverge, diffuse, differ. 

Ex, or e, with its forms, signifies out, out of; as ; extend, evaporate, effuse. 

Extra signifies beyond; as, extraordinary, extrajudicial. 

In, with its forms, signifies not; as, incorrect, ionoble, iifegal, immortal. 
It sometimes strengthens the meaning of the simple word ; as, inflame, 
incite: but in other cases it signifies in, into, on, or upon; as, incase, infuse, 
impress. It is sometimes changed to em or en; as, embrace, enchant, 
engrave, embody, enjoin, encumber.. 

Inter signifies between; as interchange, interline,- inteijection. 

Intro signifies within, or into ; as, introvert, introduce, introduction. 

Ob, with its forms, signifies in the way, against, up, dozen ; as, oostruct, 
occur, offend, oppose, oppress. 

Per signifies through; as, perambulate, pervade, perspire. 

Pre signifies before ; as, predispose, premature, preposition. 

Pro signifies forth, for ward, or beforehand ; as, produce, prolong, proscribe. 

Re signifies back, again, anew ; as, refit, return, reconquer. 

Ret™ signifies backwards ; as, retrograde, retrospect, retrocession. 

Se signifies aside, apart, out ; as, seduce, select, seclude, secrete. 



Derivation. 177 

Sub, with its forms, signifies under, or after ; as, subscribe, subdivide, 
•oppress, success, suffer, suspend. 

Super, or sv.r, signifies above, or over ; as, superfine, surplus. 

Trans signifies across, over, or beyond; as, transatlantic, transcribe, trans- 
pose, transform, transgress, transfer, transmit. 

Ultra signifies beyond, or extreme: as, uftramarine, wftra-liberal. 
3. Greek Prefixes. — A, or an, signifies not, or without; as, atheist, 
anarchy, anonymous, apathy, anomalous. 

Anti, or ant, signifies against; as, aniimason, antagonist, antipathy. 

Hyper signifies above, or over ; as, hypercritical, hyperbole. 

Syn, sym, syl, or sy, signifies with, or together ; as, synonymous, sympathy, 
sy/logism, system, synopsis, symphony, synonyme. 

The following are the most common Suffixes. 

1. Those that denote the person who does a thing, or who is in a certain 
state or condition ; as, an or ian, publican, politician ; ant, accountant ; ar, 
beggar; ard, drunkard ; ary, missionary ; ate, graduate; ee, trustee; eer, 
auctioneer; en£, student; er, baker; ist, botanist ; tie, favorite; ive, captive ; 
or, actor; ster, songster. 

2. Those that relate to things ; implying, 1st, state or condition, being or 
state of being ; as, acy, obstinacy ; age, bondaae; al, denial; once, guidance/ 
ence, providence ; ency, tendency ; hood, hardiAooa 7 ; ion, action ; ment, banish- 
ment ; mony, testimony ; ness, goodness ; ship, hardship ; th, warmth ; ude, 
quietude ; tude, multitude ; ty or ity, casuahy, ability ; y, mastery : — 2d, the 
place ivhere, or the thing that ; as, ary, infirmary, library ; ery, nursery ; ory, 
factory ; dom, kingdom : — 3d, little, smalt, or young ; as, cle, particte; cwfe, 
ule, animalcule, globute ; kin, ling, lambkin, duckZing ; och, hillock ; — 4th, 
doctrine or science of;- as, ics, mechanics; ism, galvanism : — 5tb, the thing 
done or made ; as, ice and flee, service, notice, edifice, orifice : — 6th, state, 
power, or an of; as, ure, departure, culture, exposure, architecture. 

3. Those that signify belonging or relating to, being or having, full of 
quality of, mode of little of, resembling ; as, able, detestaote ; ac, demoniac ; 
al, nationa/ ; ant, triumphant ; ar, globular ; ary, planetary ; ate, temper- 
ate ; en, wooden ; ent, abstinent ; escent, convalescent ; Jul, joyful ; ial> 
partial ; i6/e, crediWe ; ic or ical, angelic, politico^ ; id, florio 7 ; He, juvenite ; 
ine, crystalline; ish, whitish ; ive, destructive ; like, childlike; ly, hardly; 
ous, glorious; ose, verbose; ory, contradictory ; ward, backward ; y, flowery. 
Less denotes want of or not having ; as, feartess, boundtess. 

4. Those that signify to make, to give, to put, or to take ; as, ate, commu- 
nicate ; en, lengthen ; fy, justi/y ; ish, admonisn ; ize, civilize. 

PKIMITIVE WOEDS FKOM THE LATIN. 

Ago, actum, to act ; cedo, cessum, to go, to yield; capio, captum, to take; 
accipio, acceptum, to accept ; cerno, cretum, to separate, to discern ; credo, 
creditum, to believe; curro, cursum, to run; dico, dictum, to speak; duco, 
ductum, to lead ; facio, factum, to make or do ; afficio, affectum, to affect ; 
fero, latum, to carry ; frango, fractum, to break ; gradior, gressus, to go by 
degrees; lego, lectum, to gather, to read ; ludo, lusum, to play ; mitto, mis- 
£um, to send; pello, pulsum, to drive; plico, plicatum, to fold; pono, 



178 



Derivation. 



positum, to place; porto, portatum, to bear or carry ; possum, posse, to be 
able ; prehendo, prehensum, to take hold of; premo, pressum, to press ; 
quaeso, qusesitum, to ask ; rogo, rogatum, to request ; rumpo, ruptum, to 
break ; scio, to know; scribo, scrip turn, to write ; seco, sectum, to cut ; sedeo, 
sessum, to mt ; sentio, sensum. to think ; sequor, secutus, to follow ; servio, 
servitum, to serve; spondeo, sponsum, to promise ; statuo, statutum, to set 
up; constituo, constitutum, to establish ; s to, sta turn, to stand; strub, struc- 
tum, to build; sumo, sumptum, to take; tango, tactum, to touch; teneo, 
tentum, to hold ; traho, tractum, to draw ; trudo, trusum, to thrust ; vado, 
vasum, to go ; valeo. to be well ; vello, vulsum, to pull, to tear; verto, versum, 
to turn; venio, ventum, to go, to come; video, visum, to see; vineo, victum, 
to conquer ; voco, vocatum, to call ; volvo, volutum, to roll. 

By leaving off the last syllable of the above Latin words, — that is, 
the o and the um, — it will immediately be seen, that they constitute the 
foundation, or root, of many English words. By applying prefixes and 
suffixes, proper English words may be formed, with an occasional slight 
variation of the spelling : for example, take the verb verto, versum, or vert, 
vers ; leaving off o and um, we have advert, convert, divert, invert, obvert, 
revert, subvert ; and from vers we have version, diversion, inversion, con- 
version, perversion, reversion, subversion, verse, adverse, converse, diverse, 
inverse, perverse, reverse, transverse, subversive, — twenty- three words, — in 
all of which the primitive meaning to turn may be traced. The number 
might be increased to more than two hundred. 

For extended treatises on the subject of derivation, teachers and pupils 
may be referred to Oswald's " Etymological Dictionary," or M'Elligott's 
" Analytical Manual." Definitions of prefixes and suffixes may be found 
in the " Sequel " to Goldsbury's " Common School Grammai*," and under 
the head of " Etymology," in his treatise on " The Black Board." 

ERRORS IN ARTICULATION AND PRONUNCIATION. 

There are many prevalent errors in articulation and pronunciation 
which teachers will find fully described in Russell's " Lessons in Enun- 
ciation ; " or, in the " Elements of Musical Articulation," by Messrs. 
Russell and Mason : or, briefly in the " Introduction to the American 
Common School Reader and Speaker," by Messrs. Russell and Goldsbury. 
In the above-named works will also be found copious exercises in Articu- 
lation and Enunciation. A table of the elementary sounds of the language 
is inserted, page 15 of this Spelling Book. These should be practised till 
they can be uttered with ease and correctness. For the combinations of 
consonants, in initial and final syllables, teachers can write suitable exer- 
cises on the black board ; or, giving one example, require their pupils to 
select others, and practise the same, till all the combinations used in 
English words become familiar, and can be properly enunciated in con- 
nection with the various sounds of the vowels. 

The too common vulgarisms of ketch for catch, git for get, gineral for 
general, Gawd for God, sence for since, jest for just, yender for yonder, and 
many others, are sometimes heard in the school-room. Special pains 
should be taken to correct them at the very commencement of a child's 
attendance at school, 



_ 



PHONOTYPIC ALPHABET 





CONSONANTS. 






VOWELS. 




Type. 


Example of Sound. 


Name. 


Type. 


Example 


of Sound. Name. 


PP 


rope 


P 


pi 


1 i 


feet 


e 


i 


B b 


ro&e 


b 


bi 


I i 


fit 


I 


it 


Ef 


safe 


f 


ef 
















S s 


mate 


a 


s 


V v 


save 


V 


vs 










M m 


sum 


m 


am 


E e 


met 


S 


et 


W w' 


wet 


w 


WS 


2E £6 


pare 


k 


se 


T t 


fate 


t 


ti 


a a 


psalm. 


a 


a 


D d 


facte 


d 


di 


A a 


Sam 


a 


at 


r t 


loath 


th 


it 










a a 


loathe 


m 


di 


o 


caught 


§, or o 


e 


S 3 


seal 


s 


es 


o 


cot 


5 


ot 


Z z 


zeal 


z or s 


ZZ 


Uu 


wrn 


ii 


U 


L 1 


fall 


1 


el 


U u 


up 


u 


ut 


E r 


for 


r 


rs 


















o 


omen 


6 





N n 


sun 


n 


en 










Yy 


yet 


y 


ys 


UJ m 


fool 


6 


VI 


Cc 


cAew 


ch 


Q« 


U u 


Ml 


u 


ut 


Jj 


Jew 


ior * 


js 


¥ u 


news 


ii 


U 


8J 


mesh 


sh 


if 










Kg 


measure 


zh 


3i 


COMPOUND VOWELS. 




C c 


cake 


£ or k 


cs 










Gg 








i i 


high 


I 


i 


S®0 


g 


g£ 










K n 


sum/ 


ng 


15 


$ 6 


hoy 


°y 


6 


Hh 


hope 


h 


hs 


TS * 


how 


oft 


s 



Note. — Phonotypy is tbe art of printing by types or characters repre- 
senting the elementary sounds of the voice. The above Phonotypic 
Alphabet is that used by Messrs. Andrews & Boyle, of Boston, Mass. 
It corresponds with Mr. Worcester's notation of sounds, wanting only 
the intermediate a. The names of the short or stopped vowels as it, et, at, 
ot, ut, ut, are given for the convenience of printers ; but in spelling, they 
should be named without the consonant t, as i, e, a, o, u, u. A few hours' 
practice will enable a person to pronounce them by themselves with 
nearly as much ease as he pronounces the full vowels. " 



180 



Multiplication Table. 



PAEABLE OE THE SOWER: 



IN PHONOTYPIC LETTERS. 



Bihold, dssr went vt s sour tui so : And it csm tui pas, az hi sod, 
sum fel bi di ws sid, and di Mz ov di ser csm and divsrd it up. And 
sum fel on stoni graid, hwser it had not i\rt ; and imidietli it sprarj up, 
bicez it had no dept ov urt : But hwen di sun woz up, it woz scercjt ; 
and bicez it had no ruit, it widurd aws And sum fel amurj ternz, and 
di ternz grui up, and qoct it, and it yilded no fruit. And udujr fel on 
gud gmtd, and did yild fruit dat spran up and incrist ; and bret fort, 
sum turti, and sum sicsti, and sum s hundred. And hi sed untui dem. 
Hi dat hat irz tui hir, let him hir. 



MULTIPLICATION TABLE. 



1 2 3 4| 5 



4 6 



8 10 



9 12 15 



12 16 20 



10 15 20 25 



6 12 18 



7 14 21 



10 



11 



12 



1624 



18 



27 



20[30 



2233 



2436 



24 



28 



32 



36 



40 



44 



48 



30 



35 



40 



45 



50 



55 



60 



6 71 8{ 9 



12 



18 



24 



14 16 18 



21 24 27 



28 32 36 



30 35 40 45 



10| 11 12 



20 22 



30 33 



40 44 



50| 55 



36 



42 



48 



54 



60 



6Q 



72 



42 43 54 



49 56 63 



56 64 72 



63 72 81 



70 80 90 



77 88 99 



84|96 108 



60 1 66 



70 77 



80| 88 96 



90' 99 108 



100 



110 



120 



110 



121 



132 



24 



36 



48 



60 



72 



84 



120 



132 
144 



f 




LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



RECOMM 



I 



001 636 855 6 



r, rom Son. J. Parker, Judge of 

I have examined the North 
L. W. Leonard, and commend fifto the~ favOraE 
rents and instructors. The arrangement of the 1( 
my opinion, make the progress of the pupil much 
must render the work a valuable acquisition. 

From the North American Review. 
This little work is somewhat beyond the range <£ 
tomed studies. But we cannot deny ourselves tl 
saying, that, as far as we are able to form an idaa 
Spelling Book should be, this is precisely that thii 

From the Courier and Enquirer. 
We have examined the work with some care, andH 
with its arrangement, selections, and execution, 
pages, and is well calculated for our primary sch< 
serves the examination of all our school conn 
think it would gain friends by a close examinati 
We consider it better adapted to small children tl 
Book which has ever fallen into our hands ; an<^ 
in these books has been considerable. Its author anrt 
deserve well of community for its existence ; foiOS 
Book is the " king bee " in all our common schoolSS 
excels in furnishing the best, does a great good to n9H 

From the Philadelphia Saturday Courier, ^ 
North American Spelling Book. — We 
once before called attention to this valuable com; 
bear a second notice ; for we consider the ar 
sons, and the plan of the work throughout. . 
to facilitate the progress of the young learn < 
system of orthography, which the author, Mr. 
favorably known by his previous labors in the cause JB 
states, is conformed to Worcester's Dictionary. V 
Book should be carefully examined. We are satiM 
merits are such as to render it worthy the attentio 

From the National Ea< 
We think this Spelling Book is as great an i 
preceding ones, as is Mr. Worcester's Dictionar 
as Perry's, &c, which have been so long in our sch v 
to be introduced into our primary schools, and is esp 
of the examination of school committees, with that 




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